Chapter 782: Overfulfilled
Time into 1928, a five-year jihua also entered the zuihou year, the main industries, have entered the harvest period, the data of all parties summed up, the development data surprised everyone, when the original goal was set, everyone felt a little presumptuous, the result is actually better than expected, almost a year ahead of schedule, completed the task, the government is particularly excited.
Wang Yongjiang personally took a stack of statistical results, found Zhang Tinglan, and said with a smile as soon as they met: "Humble words, we still underestimated the potential of the country at the beginning, although there are still about 10 months, and the first five-year jihua will be completely completed, but from the current point of view, the indicators have basically reached the goals we set at the beginning." And there is also good news for you, according to calculations, for the first time in 27 years, our industrial output has surpassed that of agriculture, and to some extent, we are already an industrialized country! ”
The industrial output value surpassed agriculture and became the dominant liliang of the national economy, in fact, it can be regarded as a sign of industrialization, and later China, in fact, after the completion of the first five-year jihua, is basically an industrialized country, although it is very rudimentary, but this achievement cannot be denied.
Of course, some people will think that China's industrial population was too small at that time, the urbanization was too low, and the operation mode of the vast rural areas was still quite backward, in fact, these are true, but this is actually a kind of harsh criticism, because before World War II, Britain, the United States, Japan, Russia and other countries, when they achieved industrialization, their agricultural population far exceeded that of industry.
It takes a little more than five years to become a primary industrial country, which is a feat! However, it is necessary to involve everyone in industrial production and build an industrial powerhouse. There is still a long way to go, after all, China is too big and has too many people.
In this time and space, from the earliest accumulation of family foundation in the three eastern provinces, to the implementation of the first five jihua in 24 years, it has also gone through ten years of hard work. In the past few years, the first five-year period of industrial development has been a period of accelerated industrial development, with an average annual growth rate of 11.1% in industrial and agricultural output value, 4.5% in agriculture and 18% in industry.
Among them, light industry accounted for 12.9%, and heavy industry accounted for a staggering 25.4%. This is also closely related to the government's leadership. In the total output value of industry and agriculture, the proportion of the total industrial output value rose from 30 percent in 1923 to 51.7 percent in 1917, and it is expected that in 28 years, this proportion will reach 55 percent. The foundation is firmly established.
In the past four years, the average annual investment of the central government has reached 350 million yuan. In 28 years, it rose to 500 million yuan. In addition, local governments and social capital have also invested vigorously, with a total value of more than 5 billion yuan.
In addition, since the implementation of the land reform, more than 30 million peasants have been mobilized every year to participate in voluntary labor, and more than 30,000 reservoirs and more than 50,000 kilometers of irrigation canals have been built in the rural areas. More than 200,000 kilometers of rural roads have been renovated. For such a huge infrastructure, the government has paid some basic material costs, and as for the largest labor costs, it has been saved. This can be called the greatest achievement of land reform.
The government's limited financial resources are concentrated in the industrial sector. It has successively invested in and built industries including aircraft, automobiles, power generation equipment, heavy machinery, new machine tools, precision instruments, electrolytic aluminum, seamless steel pipes, alloy steel, radio and so on. The original steel, coal, metallurgy, mining, electric power, and shipbuilding have also made great progress.
These industries are not a simple expansion of the original industries in the three eastern provinces, take airplanes and automobiles as an example, originally mainly relied on military orders, to be able to maintain, in the past five years, in addition to military orders, but also to the market, to the civilian field.
The profitability of the factory is getting stronger and stronger, the domestic products have basically controlled the market, forming a virtuous circle, the industrial scale is growing more and more, the product cost performance is getting better and better, and once it comes to wartime, after mobilization, the industrial potential will increase exponentially.
Among the major industrial products, China has also made impressive progress, with steel production reaching 4.93 million tons in 1927 and 5.5 million tons in '28.
Steel is the confidence of a country, this output, has reached more than twice that of Japan, and has surpassed the Soviet Union, with these steel foundations, even if it meets these two countries, China has full confidence.
An inch of mountains and rivers and an inch of blood, that is the helplessness and tragedy of the weak, that is the punishment of not knowing how to build a country, the real strong should completely crush the other party with steel and drown the enemy with a rolling torrent.
And the development momentum of China's iron and steel industry has not slowed down, but more and more amazing, in addition to the Northeast, North China, Wuhan and other places, Anhui Ma'anshan, Sichuan Panzhihua, Hainan Shilu and other large iron ore has also been discovered, a number of new large iron and steel enterprises have been established.
In the next five years, China's steel production capacity can at least double to 10 million tons, which is of course the government's estimate, in fact, Zhang Tinglan is very clear, if the operation is done properly, this number will increase more, the reason is very simple, the economic crisis is coming, the time to copy the West is not far away, the second five years jihua, China will usher in a larger scale of development.
In addition to steel, raw coal was 131 million tons, an increase of 98.596, and electricity generation was 31 billion kWh, an increase of 204.4%. The output of machine tools reached 28,000 units, an increase of 17.7 times, cotton cloth was 5.06 billion feet, an increase of 3,296, and sugar was 860,000 tons, an increase of 92%.
More importantly, grain production reached 130 million tons, and according to the census that ended in 1926, China's total population reached 499 million.
In fact, it is also a sad story, from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, China does not know how many people it has, and can only estimate it by the amount of salt consumed, in fact, the so-called 450 million is just a virtual number, due to inaccurate statistics, there will actually be a hidden population.
In the original history, until the first census in 53, I did not know that there were more than 600 million people in China, and in the 38th year of the Republic of China, the number of Chinese only increased by less than 100 million, and according to the number of births at that time, China starved to death at least 230 million people.
If according to the standards of later generations, there is famine almost every year, and what is more fatal is not only natural disasters, but also man-made disasters that break the embankment at the mouth of the garden, it is difficult to calculate the suffering suffered by the Chinese during this period of the Republic of China, perhaps only those who dance in the ten-mile ocean field will miss that era.
For Zhang Tinglan at this time, with the reunification of the country and the improvement of medical conditions, the period of population expansion is approaching. According to the current amount, 260 kilograms of grain per capita is not enough to feed and wear, but there is basically no starvation to death.
However, the pressure on food is still very huge, in order to cope with the rapid increase in population, increase the development of Nanyang, build Borneo into a new granary, and continue to increase fertilizer production, as long as the speed of grain production is faster than the expansion of the Chinese population, China can basically get rid of the shadow of hunger.
"To put it mildly, the current annual increase in fertilizer production has reached 500,000 tons, which is 200,000 tons more than the original 300,000 tons, and according to estimates, Borneo can open up 30 million acres of land within five years, plus agricultural products in the northeast and northwest, the food crisis can basically be solved, on the contrary, not only do we not have to worry about starvation, we can also properly export grain in exchange for foreign exchange."
Wang Yongjiang said happily: "You said at the beginning that China wants to solve two problems, one is to be beaten and the other is to starve, and now after ten years, we can proudly announce that this goal has been basically achieved!" ”
Zhang Tinglan is also hahadaxiao, extraordinarily happy, all along, Zhang Tinglan has a heavy burden on his shoulders, even in the first few years, when he closed his eyes, it seemed that he could hear the sound of shelling the Beida camp, as if he could see hundreds of thousands of compatriots, died tragically in Nanjing City, and saw the mountains and rivers broken, and countless compatriots wailed......
In this era, the cruel reality forces any politician to have a sense of mission and must change this shijie. To this day, the dark clouds in my heart have all dispersed, and China has swelled big enough, although not so strong that no one dares to invade it, but at least China has the confidence to defeat any opponent.
In addition to the development of industry and agriculture, the transportation industry has also made rapid progress, and the much-anticipated Sichuan-Hankou Railway has been completed and opened to traffic. It was because of this railway that the road protection movement was set off, and finally the Manchu Qing Dynasty was destroyed.
And now the Sichuan-Hanzhou railway is completed, not only to realize the dream of the Sichuan people, but also to Sichuan, Hubei firmly linked together, in addition, through the Ninghan railway, Sichuan's native products can be quickly sent to Shanghai, at the same time, the goods in Jiangsu and Zhejiang can also go directly into the mainland.
A railway has revitalized everything along the Yangtze River. In addition, the Guangdong-Hankou Railway has also been completed, and the double line of the Luhan Railway has also been laid. The most important thing is that the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge has been completed, the Yangtze River moat has also been conquered, the north-south railway can be unimpeded, the railway transportation capacity has increased more than three times, and Wuhan has become a national railway hub.
The Jinpu Railway and the Longhai Railway have also built double lines, and basically all provinces in the country, except for the plateau areas, have basically opened up the railway. Although the plateau has not yet been connected to the railway, the three highways of Sichuan-Tibet, Xin-Tibet, and Yunnan-Tibet have been built, and the transportation capacity has been greatly improved, and the army in the interior can easily drive into the plateau.
The country has developed to this point, and it will be a matter of course to solve the problem of the plateau, Zhang Tinglan has already hoarded five divisions of troops in Sichuan, and when the time is ripe, he will immediately drive in.
"To put it mildly, although the development has been very rapid in recent years, there are still quite a few problems that need to be solved urgently. In my opinion, the administrative system must be adjusted, and in order to facilitate management, the Yangtze River Eyeline Development Office was set up, and the Southwest Military and Political Commission was set up, and the Central Plains Land Reform also had an office, and the Northwest was still under military management. ”
Speaking of this, Wang Yongjiang also frowned: "There is another point, the problem of Jiangsu and Zhejiang cannot be left unhandled, this economically active region must be controlled by the state." (To be continued......)