Chapter 20 The Academy of Sciences
It is Xun Qian's life is just an ordinary liberal arts student, not to mention the level of mathematics, physics and chemistry, and he will pass the level, how to climb the specific science and technology tree, and he can barely remember the model in "Civilization...... But after all, I once lived in an era of advanced science and technology, not to mention receiving nine years of compulsory education, even the "100,000 Nothing" I read when I was a child can kill all naturalists in this year.
Most importantly, he knew the basic trajectory of the historical development of the next 2,000 years, especially the development of social formations, and he understood what the limitations of himself and the times were, and where he could try to break a gap, so as to sow the seeds of China's emphasis on science and technology. In my previous life, I also read a lot of time-traveling novels, and the protagonist relied on his science and engineering skills, and when he wore it to ancient times, he would make iron and steel, make guns and cannons, but in fact, it was all nonsense. Think about "Lingao Qiming", 500 people have been planning for many years, accumulating a large number of materials, and then wearing them together to the 17th century, which has produced the germination of the industrial age, and at least forty percent of these 500 people are pure technicians, so it took six or seven years to climb the science and technology tree to the beginning of the 20th century...... Besides, the development of this book is not purely goldfinger-inducing. Now I want to rely on him to lead China into a new era, isn't that a fool's dream?
Shi Xun knew that in order to sow the seeds of science and attract more aspiring developers to help, two prerequisites were indispensable: first, agricultural production had made great progress and had a certain amount of wealth in terms of food - if there was not even enough to eat, who would have the heart to develop industry? Industrial technology may not be able to feed back agriculture quickly. Second, the initial scientific research should have an intuitive utilitarian nature - scientific research is a gold-swallowing monster, not to mention that there is no income and it will not be able to attract investment partners. Research alone can't be converted into money as soon as possible. Even he himself may not be able to survive.
Therefore, agriculture is the starting point. This era was a heavy agricultural society. Promoting the development of agriculture is politically correct and will not attract any opposition, and it is convenient for Shixun to mobilize the strength of the whole country to raise the level of production after he is in charge of the book.
In the Han Dynasty, Dasi Nong was appointed as the supreme administrator in charge of agricultural production, and all the officials who searched for su, waited for agricultural orders, kept agricultural orders, and persuaded agricultural officials, etc., grabbed a large number of officials who circled around agriculture. But the problem is that the main business of these officials is often only to collect taxes, and helping and persuading farmers is a secondary function attached to taxation – for example, when Zheng Xuan became a big farmer, his position was closer to that of a later finance minister than to an agriculture minister. It was Xun when he formulated the official system of the Wei State. The main task is to increase the yield per mu of agriculture in the area under its jurisdiction.
There are many ways to improve agricultural production, and traditionally the main ones are to reclaim wasteland and build water conservancy, and only a very small number of local officials will find other ways to invent and promote agricultural machinery and even new agricultural technologies – for example, Zhao Guo, a famous agronomist in the Western Han Dynasty. Shi Xun first sent people to collect and sort out the descriptions of Zhao Guo's exploits in documents such as "Hanshu Food and Goods", "Treatise on Salt and Iron", and Cui Wei's "Political Treatise", and compiled them into a book as a guiding document for the Hou Agricultural Division; Then, it is required that all localities should summarize the advanced local experience and submit it to the central government every year, so that on the one hand, it will be used as the basis for the examination, and on the other hand, it will also make overall arrangements and try to popularize it.
Of course, that's not enough. Even if the level of agricultural technology is directly linked to the performance appraisal of the agricultural assistance order and even the waiting agricultural secretary, this is a matter for the official family after all. Officials may not be more attentive. Shixun himself was also conducting various experiments in agriculture in several of his own farms—anyway, his main source of wealth now was not land, and even if he failed every year, he would not go bankrupt—and his father-in-law, Guan Hai, had been of great help to him in this regard.
The most important experiment is to introduce special species and try to plant and breed them in the Central Plains. It is a caravan that often travels to the Western Regions, in addition to livestock and rare goods, it is Xun who always asks them to collect species from all over the world, and even Qin Lang crosses the land of the Japanese, and Xun also ordered him to get a few copies of the crops of the Japanese people back. Qin Lang asked at that time, that place is poor and desolate, what good things can there be? Shi Xun said with a smile: "The so-called Huainan is orange, Huaibei is orange, how do you know that the other side of the barnyard grass, can not enter the Central Plains for the anointing of the sorghum?" If you don't try it, how can you know? ”
In fact, he still had some words in his heart that he didn't reveal to Qin Lang, because he was afraid that the kid wouldn't understand, and he would say it in vain-"Child, do you know what hybridization is?" ”
Shi Xun understands that Tanaka has little to gain after all, and if he wants to make a fortune, he can't just rely on farming, so on the road to making a fortune, he did not spend a lot of effort to purchase or even annex land, the so-called family village, but only a total of six or seven places on the outskirts of Luoyang, Xuchang, Qiao, Tan and other cities, if you want to try new species, the area covered is too narrow. Fortunately, he has a good relationship with many local families, and while pulling each other onto industrial and commercial ships, he also tempts them to try to plant new plants.
What are the families? The Central Plains region includes not only the Hanoi Sima clan, the Langxiwang clan, the Hedong Pei clan, the Dong clan and other old clans, but also the new nobles such as the Zhu Cao Xiahou, the Guanzhong Du clan, the Donghai Tao clan, and the Zhao Guofu clan; In addition, Yangzhou has the "Wu Si surname" headed by Gu Yong, Jingzhou has Huang Zu, Huang Shot father and son representative of Anlu Huang, Xiangzhou has Zhang Zhongjing's Zhang family, large and small, nearly more than 100 families. Before the success of the Shu invasion, he made Sima Yi take charge of the internal affairs of Shu, and also sent his son-in-law Xiahou Wei and his disciple Tian Pengzu to help, and also gave them a task, that is, to find suitable agricultural and industrial and commercial partners for me in Yi and Yi Prefectures. After taking the book in his hand, he also specially wrote to Lu Yi and Buqi, asking them to help contact Shixie......
Of course, the apparent reason is very high-sounding: "If the scholars can communicate with the Chinese scholars and induce them with industrial and commercial and agricultural techniques, they will naturally return to their hearts." ”
So what are the benefits of experimenting with new species? The example is also obvious, it is that Ling Gong originally sent people into Shu to get tea, and then it swept the world, and the people of Yang and Fujian tried to plant, such as today's tea in Taiwan and Wuyi is all over the Central Plains, so isn't the money rolling in? Besides, even if a new species can't be widely promoted, you can not only try it in your own yard, but also give it to your relatives and friends to show off, which is also quite attractive for scholars (not landowners).
It's a pity that there is nowhere to touch corn, potatoes and sweet potatoes these days...... No matter how powerful the East China Sea Division is. And continue to grow. Not a hundred or two hundred years. It is not possible to sail to the Americas......
The innovation and development of agriculture is a long-term project, and it is not a matter of three to five years for new species to gain a foothold in the Central Plains. At the same time, Shixun also collected all kinds of talents and set aside an experimental area in his own village to conduct research on machinery, metallurgy, fuel, materials and other aspects. The money thrown out in this area will go to the sea, and it may not be able to see results soon, so it is also the place that his son is the most incomprehensible - in the opinion of Fu. The old man is just satisfying his personal interests and hobbies, but in fact, there is no essential difference between him and others who are good at accumulating beautiful prostitutes, hiding treasures, or hunting day and night......
Besides, if you just like to play, it's okay, if the plaything loses your mind and is taken advantage of by political enemies, it will be too bad! Do you think you'll be able to enjoy your old age in peace? You have to think about my son, don't leave me a mess.
Shi Xun once "invented" gunpowder, which played a considerable auxiliary role in Cao Cao's unification war, but now Xishu has been destroyed. The Kwantung turmoil is also coming to an end, and the ministers all think that when the horse is put into Nanshan and the sword is forged into a plowshare, let's stop doing new weapons. The Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Household have repeatedly thrown olive branches to Ma Jun. also said hello to Zhuge Liang, and wanted to get Ma Deheng to go to their department to concentrate on the research of production equipment, and the household department even opened a high position of Zhonglang of the Ministry of Agriculture - Ma Jun had previously designed a waterwheel for the tun under the Ministry of War, and restored Zhao Guo's coupling plow, if it was used to help farmers, it would be effective.
Even Zhuge Liang himself planned to put the research and development of gunpowder on hold for the time being, but fortunately, the original owner of this mess was his own teacher, and he specially came to ask Shixun for instructions before his entourage to the East, and Shixun said: "You think gunpowder can only be used in battle formations?" It is said that a leaf is blind, and Mount Tai is not seen. In the past, I wrapped gunpowder in paper, but it can be exploded, if it is carefully studied, how can I know that the stone cannot be broken in a different day? Then it is used to open mountains, level roads, and make canals, which can be twice the result with half the effort. ”
Zhuge Liang immediately asked: "Gunpowder can help combustion, can push things, can also explode, but things have their uses, but also have their extremes, Mr. really thinks that the fine research will crack the stone?" Shixun nodded: "Yes." He said in his heart that the explosive power of black powder is at its peak, and it is completely incomparable with yellow powder, but in this era, it is already quite scary, and now that the research of gunpowder has just begun, how can it be stopped?
Kong Ming is a person who respects his teachers, and he is a little "wise and close to a demon" in these years, so since it was Xun who spoke, Zhuge Liang didn't dare not listen, and it was not good not to listen, so he kept the gunpowder research and development department.
However, gunpowder is a militaristic weapon after all, because of the leakage turmoil, Cao Cao directly arrested Xie Zheng and cut it down, this technology can only be mastered by the imperial court, and even temporarily can only be mastered by the Ministry of War, and Xun himself can no longer intervene - but even if he wants to intervene, it is estimated that with that little knowledge, it will not play a more role in promoting. Shixun had no choice but to do something else, the most important of which was to refine the fuel, hoping to obtain a higher temperature so that ironmaking technology could be promoted.
He really regretted it, theoretically speaking, in later generations, the land of China was once full of small blast furnaces, even if most of the smelted steel was scrap, it was enough to be a god soldier in this year...... Why don't you know anything about it?
He hoped that he could produce a few more new technologies in his own hands and smoothly apply them to production, and make the scholars and doctors salivate over the economic benefits derived from them......
These things must have involved a lot of energy from Shi Xun, so he was dissatisfied and mentioned it to his father a few times, but his father was not only a deaf ear, but also refused to clearly explain why he was engaged in these "useless" tricks.
Let's say that this day is the time for Fu to talk to Huan Fan for a meal, and finally waited for Shixun to return home, so he went to meet him, and Shifu explained Lu Hong's request and the countermeasures he planned to his father. It was Xun Luo who groaned, and couldn't help but sigh gloomily: "I have known Cifan for a long time, and you have persuaded me to kill him...... I can't bear it. ”
Yes, that guy knows too much about us, and he's a notorious spy leader, so there's no way we're going to be a guest at home - this can't be used, and we can't stay, is there any other way to go than to kill him? "Grandpa, don't be a woman's kindness."
Shi Xun shook his sleeves: "What is it?" I don't want to hear that! (To be continued.) )