In history! Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen was the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and he inherited the worst situation in Chinese history except for Emperor Puyi of the Qing Dynasty, and it was the party struggle that caused this situation. Such as the Donglin Party and the Eunuch Party, the Qichu Zhejiang Party.

In the hands of Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen, the central officials basically do not work, and they are dumping each other all day long, which is very angry for a person like Emperor Chongzhen who is bent on the lord of the revival of the country.

Therefore, in the previous life, Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen also said that the ministers misunderstood me.

A person wholeheartedly hopes that everyone will be like him, but in the whole world, it seems that he is the only one who is anxious, even if this person is anxious with gray hair and anxious heart, what is the use?

The gate valve system arose in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang Dynasty, and perished in the Song Dynasty.

The status of the literati in the Song Dynasty was higher than that of the Ming Dynasty, and the emperor of the Song Dynasty paid attention to ruling the world with the scholars, which is a bit of the taste of the world being the world of the people of the world rather than the world of one person, the relationship between the emperor and the literati is better, the emperor made a mistake, and the literati can still complain.

He committed a felony, but he traveled thousands of miles and rarely killed people.

The Ming Dynasty was different, the centralization of power was very strict, the post of Zai Fu was removed, and the political power of the literati group could not be exerted, which was given by the ancestor of Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Of course, this situation changed in the later period (after the emergence of university scholars in politics).

However, no matter what, it was impossible for Fang Xiaoru to punish the ten clans because of "rebellion" in the Song Dynasty.

Therefore, the Song and Ming dynasties had a completely different attitude towards the literati group, and it was largely determined by the rulers.

Wei Zhongxian was in power for several years. Firmly continued Wanli's mine supervision policy. Taxes were vigorously levied on the middle and upper classes. So that the empire would not be dragged down by the finances, Chongzhen came to power and reused the Donglin Party, revoked this policy and imposed three salaries, but affirmed the feasibility of this policy from the side. There is no evidence that Wei Zhongxian violated the people and wantonly killed the people when he was in power, and he was not much greedy compared to Liu Jin, Yan Song and others, and even compared to his power.

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen never believed the words of the eunuch who died in the country, and the eunuch was in power, so he could only say that the emperor was incompetent. And no matter how high the eunuch jumps, the power of this eunuch still belongs to a branch of the imperial power, in fact, it is much smaller than the civil official group in power, and it is much smaller than the danger of the power of the traitor!

The emperor can kill a big eunuch, and he can return the wealth, and the entire civil official group is different, this is not a person. It's not a collective that's easy to control, but it's scattered all over the world!

Pull out the radish and bring out the puree. It can be said that the feudal system itself has come to an end! The later Manchu Qing Dynasty could survive for so long, this is a truth that Emperor Zhu Youzhen of Chongzhen has always been unable to figure out in modern times!

Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen knew very well that the Ming Dynasty itself was complete with a strong civil government, and this literati class controlled the qiē, but did not know how to control their own desires, so they led to the demise of the country. I also found that all the times that are praised by the literati are not good times; The era of being scolded by the literati is not a too bad era for the people at the bottom, but sometimes it is a good era.

Why? It's the civil servants who go to collect taxes! The landlords and gentry do not pay taxes, they collect one at the top and one hundred at the bottom! After the Yongzheng Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, the burden on the peasants was not very heavy.

Emperor Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty ascended the throne for the second time, and several ministers walked back to the palace with them and ascended the throne. Then, the era of the Ming Dynasty's civil officials dominating the world began, and this situation was aggravated during the Chenghua period. During the period of Emperor Xiaozong, the history books all said that Uncle Guo was greedy and perverted the law and did bad things, but Li Mengyang chased after Uncle Guo and beat them, and in the end, Uncle Guo didn't dare to do anything to them. During the Zhengde period, the eunuchs and military generals finally improved a little, but Zhengde fell into the water inexplicably, and after falling into the water, his henchmen were locked up outside the palace when he returned to Beijing, and he couldn't see him when he saw Zhengde.

Later, I thought that Jiajing Wanli could not live or die in the palace for no reason, compared to Wei Zhongxian, Liu Jin, Wang Zhen and others, eunuchs still have Wang Yue, Xu Zhi, Fan Heng, Qin Chang, etc., all of whom are loyal and honest for a while, more elegant and elegant such as Xiao Jing, prudent as Chen Kuan, loyal to how Wending, honest as Jin'an, Geng Jie as Xing'an, knowing people as Jin Ying, holding as Huai'en, brave as Zhang Yong, righteous as Wang Cheng'en, and Zhang Hong self-cultivation, Tian Yi selfless to the public, Chen Hong to the sage of the truth as the criterion. In contrast, the probability of eunuchs being bad guys is equal to the probability of literati being clean officials.

This is also why, in the hands of Wanli Ye, the country has obtained a relatively stable dìng! At the very least, most of the place is stable, and there is a strange balance between the imperial power and the civil bureaucracy! Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen can't be like Wanli Ye and don't care about anything.

However, history is written by literati, and the literati govern the world and govern the world to their own homes, so they have to find a scapegoat, right?

Science arose in the Song Dynasty, and it was in the Ming Dynasty that it was the orthodox feudal ideology that was taken as the orthodox ideology. After receiving a long period of education from Cheng Zhu Lixue and the standardized Bagu Composition Examination, the civil officials of the Ming Dynasty worshiped the science of "preserving heavenly principles and destroying human desires" as if they were gods, and their piety and fanaticism were comparable only to the clergy of the European Middle Ages. In addition to the Four Books and Five Classics, they despise shì a qiē knowledge, and in addition to the jinshi of the Tong guò imperial examination, they despise shì a qiē person.

The Ming Dynasty emperor faced this group of literati and doctors who always took defending the "principles of heaven" as their own responsibility, and his difficulties can be imagined. The three dynasties of the Han, Tang and Song dynasties did not encounter such a situation. Since the civil clique was the backbone of the empire, and the Ming emperor did not rely on the bannermen like the Qing emperors, the struggle between the imperial power and the civilian clique continued to unfold in awkward ways throughout the sixteenth century. Since the emperor has the executive power, and the civil officials have the right to speak, the struggle between the two is colorful and particularly beautiful.

The four Ming Dynasty emperors who fought with civil officials were born: Emperor Zhengde of the wrong era; Emperor Jiajing, who couldn't recognize his father; Emperor Longqing, who can only pretend to be dumb; Emperor Wanli who resolutely did not go to court.

In the fourth year of Ming Xiaozong's Hongzhi, Ming Xiaozong's eldest son Zhu Houzhao, who later became Emperor Zhengde, was born. Because Emperor Xiaozong only had a wife, Empress Zhang, so Zhu Houzhao was born less than half a year ago to be made the crown prince, according to historical records, his appearance is wonderful, his face is like jade, plus Xiaozong only has this son (Xiaozong's second son died early), naturally won the doting of Xiaozong and Empress Zhang. Zhu Houzhao liked to ride and shoot when he was a teenager, and Xiaozong wanted to govern the country and secure the people, but he also had martial arts, so he did not interfere.

In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi, Xiaozong was critically ill, so he called the ministers Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, and Xie Qian to the Qianqing Palace, and said: "I inherited the great unification of my ancestors, reigned for eighteen years, and is now thirty-six years old. And personally held Liu Jian's hand and said: "Donggong is quite intelligent, but he is still naïve, and his sex is good and happy. There is a saying that "knowing the son is more than the father", and later Wuzong acted as Xiaozong expected.

After the death of Xiaozong, Zhu Houzhao, who was only sixteen years old, ascended to the throne. The young son of heaven naturally wants to have some fun. The civil official group immediately came to the spirit, and the twists and turns flew like snowflakes, and Liu Jian, a scholar, gathered them together and made a hardcover version, which mainly has five contents:

1. The emperor rode out of the palace alone, without an entourage; 2. The emperor is in the palace; 3. The emperor went rowing in the North Sea; Fourth, the emperor liked to hunt; Fifth, the emperor ate snacks indiscriminately.

Then, several old gentlemen handed over this hardcover version of the fold to Wu Zong with a solemn attitude related to the rise and fall of the country.

Wu Zong endured it for a while, and went to have fun again, and another minister, Yang Shousui, immediately admonished bitterly: "I heard that the emperor went to the western suburbs to hunt, climbed the southern city, and trained in the palace, which is not what the Son of Heaven should do. "Poor man, he must not have read the "Filial Piety and Martial Piety" of the "Book of Han" to see what another young son of heaven did more than a thousand years ago.

The civilian-bureaucratic clique had no way to deal with the emperor who was tired of listening to the preaching, so they came to the conclusion that "there are villains around the emperor, and these people must be eliminated in order for the country to survive." (To be continued......)