Chapter 463: Anglo-Burmese War

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"Your Excellency, if we can control Burma, then even if the Chinese occupy Thailand, it will not pose much of a threat to us. For India, it will become an important barrier to protect the eastern side of India. In addition, we can also pass through Guò Burma, which poses a threat to the southwest of the Chinese Empire. Geographically speaking, Myanmar is even more important than Thailand! Therefore, the War Department must take Burma before the Chinese make a move on Burma. Otherwise, after the Chinese occupy Thailand, they will definitely do something against Myanmar next! "Secretary of War Thomas. Sir Grosvenor said.

"Yes, Your Excellency Prime Minister, I am in favour of waging war against Burma. If we are not willing to confront the Chinese Empire, then we will abandon Thailand and target Burma, which will be very important for the Empire! "Foreign Secretary Henry. Viscount Temple also immediately jumped out and supported this Jianyì. In the previous Thai problem, he was very faceless, and he urgently needed to find a way to be consistent with other ministers.

Britain has long coveted Burma, as early as 1826, Britain launched a war against Burma, which lasted three years before it ended. In that war, Britain won a decisive victory, and if it were not for the fact that the war casualties were too great and the cost was too high, perhaps Britain would have continued the war. That war is also known as the First Anglo-Burmese War.

The First Anglo-Burmese War, which took place from 5 March 1824 to 24 February 1826, was the first of three Anglo-Burmese wars between Britain and the Burmese Gongbang dynasty in the 19th century. The battle began primarily with a struggle for control of northeastern India. It ended in a decisive victory for the British. The UK took full control of Assam, Manipur, Chacha, Jaintiya, Rakhine and Tanahsarin; Myanmar was forced to pay £1 million in compensation and sign a treaty of commerce. It was the longest and most expensive war in the history of British India. A total of 15,000 soldiers from Europe and India died, while the number of Burmese army and civilian casualties is unknown; A total of £5 million to £13 million (in 2006 terms) was consumed. about $18.5 billion to $48 billion), and the high cost led to a severe economic crisis in British India in 1833. For Myanmar, this was the beginning of the loss of its independence. Out of fear, the Burmese Third Reich ceased to pose a threat to the eastern borders of British India in the short term. [4] Myanmar will be squeezed for several years to repay the £1 million reparations.

In 1822, the Burmese conquest of Manipur and Assam left a long border between British India and the Kingdom of Burma. However, on the basis of Kolkata, the British have their own plans in the region. Thus actively supporting the rebellion in Manipur, Assam and Rakhine at the same time. Calcutta unilaterally declared that Chacha County and Jaintia were under British protection and that troops were stationed. Annoyed by the British cross-border raids on the newly occupied territories, the Burmese commander-in-chief, Bandurah, Queen Menou, and her brother, Lord Salin, advocated war against the British, after confirming that war was inevitable. Bandurah believed that a decisive victory would allow the Burmese kingdom to consolidate its gains in the new western territories (Rakhine State, Manipur, Assam, Chacha County, and Jaintiya). Take over East Bengal.

January 1824. Bandura sent one of his senior aides, Uzana, to Chacha County and Jaintiya to expel the rebels. The British also sent their own troops to Chacha district to stop the Burmese army, which led to the first clash between the two. After the border clash in Rakhine State, on March 5, 1824, war broke out.

The three-year war left Burma with heavy losses and finally had to propose a truce to the British, who were too much of a trade-off to continue the war. Both sides have their hearts set to end the war. After competing negotiations, Britain and Burma signed the Treaty of Yon Dabo. The treaty provided that Burma accede to the following British demands: 1. cede to Britain the parts of Assam, Manipur, Rakhine and Tanah sarin south of the Salween River; 2. Cease the interference of a qiē in Chacha County and Jaintiya; 3. Pay the compensation of £1,000,000 in four instalments; 4. Diplomatic representatives are allowed to be stationed in each other's offices; 5. Sign a treaty of commerce at the appropriate time.

The Treaty of Yang Dapo imposed a severe financial burden on the Kingdom of Burma and weakened Burma's national power. In this war, Britain paid a heavy price in terms of human and financial resources that influenced the terms of the treaty. The British and Indian armies combined with about 40,000 men in the battle, of whom 15,000 were killed. The military expenditure of about £13 million was a devastating blow to the finances of British India. The cost of the war was the economic crisis of the British Raj. By 1833, a number of correspondent banks in Bengal had gone bankrupt, and the British East India Company had lost a number of privileges, including its monopoly on trade with China. For Myanmar, the humiliating Treaty of Yon Dapo has imposed a long-term economic burden on Myanmar. Myanmar lost an entire generation in the fighting. Myanmar's pride built over the past 75 years by a series of impressive military victories in Thong Guò is now collapsing. The Kingdom of Burma could not accept the loss of territory, and they fought a losing battle to regain it. What's more, the huge indemnity payments will empty the Burmese royal treasury for many years. This treaty succeeded in weakening Myanmar, and it also made Myanmar not recover after 20 years.

"If we start a war against Burma again this time, will we be able to defeat Burma in one go? Won't it be like last time, halfway? "John. Sir Russell asked. He feared that there would be a situation like the last time, in which case Britain would fall short, and the Chinese who reacted would definitely not give the British another chance. If there was to be an attack on Burma, John Brown. Sir Russell hoped to be able to destroy the country in the shortest possible time.

"Your Excellency, Myanmar is much weaker now than it was 20 years ago. According to the information we have received, the total population of Myanmar is now almost 20 million, but the vast majority of them live below the poverty line, and they cannot even provide food and clothing. The current king of Burma, Mon Hang, is also an incompetent person, more than enough to defend and not enough to pioneer, and Myanmar is getting weaker and weaker under his governance. Although the army of the Kingdom of Burma is as high as 100,000 people, their equipment has hardly changed from 20 years ago, and they are still mainly cold weapons. If we wage war against Burma, we will be able to wipe them out completely. All it takes is 100,000 troops from India to destroy them! "Secretary of War Thomas. Sir Grosvenor said. Obviously, the War Department has been preparing for this plan for a long time.

"Gentlemen, if the Chinese intervene, then what should we do? The Chinese will certainly not watch us capture Burma. "Prime Minister John . Russell asked.

"Your Excellency, Prime Minister, we will directly draw troops from India to attack Burma, and we will not give the Chinese such long time to react. Besides, the Chinese are now trying to annex Thailand, and when they take Thailand, we will already occupy Burma, and then the Chinese will only be able to acquiesce to this fact. "Secretary of War Thomas. Sir Grosvenor said.

John. Sir Russell nodded, if he could occupy Burma during his tenure, it would be a great increase in his personal prestige. In this case, he will have almost no problem seeking re-election for the next term.

"In that case, the War Department and the Admiralty should implement this plan! I have only one demand, and that is to occupy Burma before the Chinese react. "John. Sir Russell said.

"Yes, Your Excellency, Prime Minister!" Secretary of War Thomas. Sir Grosvenor and Lord of the Admiralty, William. Sir Parker said hurriedly.

As for Thailand, it was obviously abandoned by the British, and Burma was in a better position than Thailand, although Burma was stronger, but in terms of the strength of the British Empire, it would not be too much of a problem to destroy Burma. What's more, in the face of attack, there will be no direct conflict with the Chinese Empire, and the danger will not be so great.

At this time, he was under the rule of the Gongbang Dynasty. It was the last dynasty of Myanmar and was founded for the Yongguga, so it is also known as the Yonggugaya Dynasty. From 1752 to 1885, the Gongbang Dynasty not only unified Burma, but also used troops to expand its territory, so it fought many wars with the Qing Dynasty. In the mid-19th century, southern Burma was invaded by the British Empire. The three-year Anglo-Burmese War caused Burma heavy losses, not only ceding land and paying reparations, but also being economically suppressed by the British. In the face now, the strength is already very weak. The current king, Mon Hang, is the brother of the previous king Mong Keng, and has been on the throne for seven years, but he has not been able to change the status quo in Myanmar at all. In addition, Meng Keng is now in his old age, and he is even less impulsive.

Immediately after the British Cabinet made the decision to go to war against Burma, the Prime Minister reported to Queen Victoria. Because this time the opponent was Burma, not a powerful country like the Chinese Empire, and the troops used were all drawn from the Indian colonies, so there was no need to go through the Guò parliament to authorize it. In this way, it can also be more confidential. After all, after the submarine cable was laid, the communication between the East and the West was much easier. If the news leaks and the Chinese Empire knows, it will not be so easy for the British to quickly capture Burma. You don't have to think about it to know that the Chinese Empire will definitely cause trouble for the British. After all, Burma is next to the Chinese Empire and Thailand, and it is also the next target after the Chinese Empire has destroyed Thailand! (To be continued......)