The most important thing for a steam engine is the manufacture of the cylinder.

The cylinder of ordinary steel has low air tightness and poor heat and high temperature resistance, which makes it difficult for the steam utilization efficiency of the cylinder to achieve the effect of providing power.

As a result, the current Daming experimental steam engine failed to provide sufficient power to drive the flywheel.

Nowadays, the hardness of high-carbon steel has been further improved.

In addition, the hydraulically driven barrel boring machine has been introduced, and the cylinder with higher machining accuracy has naturally been bored.

Now the reason why the steam engine that Zhu Youzhen sees has better practicability is because of the improvement of the cylinder material, which has greatly strengthened his thermodynamic efficiency.

In the past, the steam engine in the early Ming Dynasty could only use a large amount of coal combustion to provide weak power for water pumping applications.

But now there is sufficient thermodynamic efficiency.

It is enough to make the steam of the steam cylinder push the piston to drive the connecting rod to drive the crank gear transmission system, so that the flywheel can rotate quickly, which can make the steam locomotive have the possibility of generation.

"According to His Majesty's will, Wechen separated this condenser from the cylinder;

After the steam enters like this, the condensate can be avoided to enter the cylinder directly and take away the cylinder heat, and a condensation box is added to the side of the cylinder, and a piston is connected to the connecting rod above, when the steam enters the cylinder, the piston is pressed to reach the top, and the trachea that enters the middle opening enters the condensate box at the same time to make the piston of the condensate box rise and drive the connecting rod to rise upward, and then drive the crank and gear, so that the flywheel rotates. ”

In addition, a student named Zhu Mingfeng of Weichen also proposed to put a steam inlet on the upper and lower sides of the cylinder, so that after the piston is lifted to the top by the steam entering the lower side, the piston in the cylinder is pressed down by entering the steam from the upper steam inlet, so that you don't have to wait until the cylinder temperature cools down the piston by itself, and the steam intake up and down can make the efficiency faster, so two intake inlets are arranged, and after the air intake on the lower side is completed, because the pressure change can make the valve of the intake pipe in the lower volume automatically closed, similar to this, The valve of the upper intake pipe can also be closed automatically after the upper air intake is completed. ”

Fang Yizhi told Zhu Youzhen in detail about the structure and principle of his improved steam power engine.

Zhu Youzhen listened carefully.

He didn't know the difference between the steam engine and the Watt steam improver he had learned in his textbook.

But from the current point of view, this steam engine has a great application value.

The difference from the first steam engine developed in the previous laboratory is not only the improvement of the cylinder, but also the way of providing power.

Zhu Youzhen didn't know where Fang Yizhi came up with the idea of replacing the piston motion with the rotary motion, and the way he used it was the crank gear system, perhaps inspired by the improvement of the gun carriage.

However, it has to be admitted that upgrading the expression of steam power from piston motion to rotary motion means that it is feasible to use a steam engine to drive the wheels.

It is like relying on the power provided by the steam engine to do piston movements, forging iron blocks and boring the breeches and breeches of guns.

Nowadays, after changing to rotary motion, it can also rely on the steam engine to provide power, and transmit kinetic energy in the way of rotary motion, which promotes the development of machine tool processing and the emergence of new means of transportation and production tools.

Anyway.

The first steam engine that can be used in industrial production and other fields in the Ming Dynasty has finally been successfully manufactured!

At this time, the West had not yet developed research on steam power engines.

The study of steam power engines began to emerge in the West after the end of the seventeenth century.

The Ming Dynasty is once again at the forefront of the development of world civilization.

Boilers, cylinders, condensers, crank gear rotation systems, flywheels, connecting levers and conduits......

Zhu Youzhen looked at it carefully for a long time, and he didn't think that this steam engine would be missing.

Even the linkage structure is a parallel four-link structure, so that the whole machine can run continuously, and there is a centrifugal force governor device at the air pump to adjust the power speed.

Zhu Youzhen confirmed again and again before he smiled, he had to admit that the steam engine with real application value was officially developed by Daming!

And this steam engine already has the ability to become a steam locomotive.

In fact, the reason why the Ming Dynasty was able to build this kind of Watt improved steam engine that appeared at the end of the eighteenth century in the original history has a lot to do with Zhu Youzhen.

Because he demanded that the steam engine be able to drive the iron wheel to turn and thus replace the horse and mule.

Therefore, Fang Yizhi thought of using the crank gear rotation system to replace the piston motion with rotary motion, so as to drive the flywheel to rotate.

And it was Zhu Youzhen who first told Fang Yizhi about the physical basis of the relationship between pressure, pressure and temperature, so that he knew the root of steam power, and only then did he think of using double intake to separate the condenser.

This is different from the original history of the appearance of the steam engine.

In the original history, more than 1,000 years ago, after the ancient Greek mechanic Hero invented the steam ball, after the middle of the 17th century, Papin in France learned to use this phenomenon and the principle of leverage to invent the piston steam engine.

However, Papin did not know how to use the difference between the pressure of water vapor and water to increase the power of the steam engine.

In the end, it was Newcomen who built a steam engine with both condensing steam and gas piston power generation after fifty or sixty years, and began to apply it to industry, but the utilization efficiency was still not high at this time, just like the steam engine in the laboratory in the early Ming Dynasty.

And it was only after another fifty years that Watt learned by chance that the steam engine could be further improved.

However, it took him about thirty years to make the improvements almost perfect.

The reason why it took so long was because they didn't know that the steam engine could be used on a large scale, even to make trains and ships.

They only explore more functions based on phenomena, and in many cases, it is just a person's accidental interest and inspiration that will change some of the machines that everyone is used to.

People are inert, and most people don't like to think.

That's why it took so long to make a change in the way power turns from Newcomen to Watt.

If it weren't for the fact that Watt is an active thinker and is still interested in it, it might have been much longer.

But at this time, Da Ming is different.

Zhu Youzhen knew from the beginning that the steam engine would be the mainstream of the future era, and even that it would change the entire world civilization.

So, with the intervention of his imperial power.

The elite of the empire would take the initiative to think about improving and inventing the steam engine that His Majesty wanted, which made it much faster.

Moreover, although Zhu Youzhen did not know the specific manufacturing details of the steam engine, he knew the general principle of the steam engine and the effects that could be achieved, which made the Ming Dynasty have a clear goal and direction for the development of the steam engine.

This made the Ming Dynasty manufacture steam engines even faster.

Although writing this chapter is only a short more than 2,000 words, but after checking the information for a day, many structures and principles can be scrutinized and reasonable, and it also makes a rational explanation for the Ming Dynasty to manufacture this kind of machine now, the Ming Dynasty began industrial development in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, and now it has been nearly five years, under the guidance of Zhu Youzhen, the clear direction of the later generations, the steam engine manufacturing will naturally be very fast. And the difficulty itself is not high, it is still much worse than the internal combustion engine. Next, the Ming will stay in the age of steam for a long time. But even if you stay for a hundred years, it will be enough to beat the world.

(End of chapter)