Volume 1 Is There a Way on Earth in Troubled Times 29 Decision II.

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Dunshe thought about it, and didn't have any good ideas. Chen Hu proposed a solution: pretend to be sick and avoid Mrs. Wang. All matters were handled by him and Wen Huaguo. If Mrs. Wang goes to Shandong, she will send gifts across the sea; I want to go back to Shangdu, and treat it the same.

It's a good idea, but it's not a good way. It is easy to be self-defeating, and Sima Zhao's heart is well known to passers-by, and he has a reputation for hypocrisy and cunning. If there is nothing to be done, it is better not to use it.

On the sixth day, He Guangxiu came to tell him that when he was checking the past people at the city gate, he caught a spy from Xingzhou (now the central and western part of Chengde). After interrogation, the news that Deng She had captured Yongping had reached Xingzhou three days ago. Zhang Jujing, the privy councillor of Liaoyang Province, is currently in Xingzhou, and this spy was sent by him.

According to the spy, Zhang Jujing also sent someone to Daning to contact Dalu Huachi Shibao on Daning Road. As for his purpose to echo the Shijia Treasure Department to protect the territory, or to unite the Daning army to attack Yongping, the spy does not know.

Daning and Xingzhou are both important towns in western Liaoning.

At the end of last year, Guan Duo and Pan Cheng fell into Shangdu. The Huben pro-army stationed near Shangdu all commanded the division to raise troops to help, and they were defeated in the first battle, and they all commanded to die in front of the battle.

Guan Duo swept the surrounding area, personally sat in the capital, and divided his troops into two ways. The first was led by Pingzhang Pan Cheng to the north and entered Liaoyang from Quanning (now Wengniute Banner, Inner Mongolia); One route was 10,000 households of Maoju Jingshuai and 30,000 people went south, passing through Daning into Liaoyang.

Pan Cheng's troops were invincible, and between the ten months, the Yizhou Road was broken, and according to Liaoyang City, Liaodong was shaken. Mao Jujing on the South Road was unfavorable, and was trapped in front of Daning and Xingzhou cities, and he was not able to resist for half a month. In the end, the old teacher ran out of food and had to retreat in vain.

Subsequently, Mao Jujing followed Guan Duo west to Fengzhou. The area of western Liaoning was preserved because of this. Since then, Xingzhou Zhang Jujing and Daning Shijiabao, the names of the two have spread throughout the Northern Expeditionary Army.

After listening to this information, Deng She quickly saw that there were pros and cons, and the pros and cons were small.

Li Wei Wang's trouble, easy to solve. If you go to Shangdu, you must pass through Daning and Xingzhou, since Zhang Jujing and Shijiabao are prepared, they can use this to exaggerate the threat and cut off Mrs. Wang's thoughts. If she doesn't go to Shangdu, she will go to Shandong. The soldiers and horses recruited, as far as the natives of Liaodong, prevaricated a sentence of water and soil disobedience, and the soldiers were unwilling to go, so they selected three or two soldiers and sent her across the sea.

The disadvantage is that the army under the command of Zhang Jujing and the two is well-armed, and they are all long-fought armies; As soon as they are prepared, they will inevitably put strong pressure on themselves who are still recruiting.

praised and rewarded Ha Guangxiu, and ordered him to retreat first and wait outside the hospital. Deng She sent people to find Chen Hu and others to discuss countermeasures.

Just in the twilight, the sky was covered with dark black clouds, pressing on the roof of the house, as if reaching out to reach for it; The white stone pavement on the ground in the courtyard is dark and dark. Hu Wei's own soldiers, wearing red clothes and red scarves, whispered and laughed outside the door. Deng She looked out of the door, and the generals were delayed.

Thinking of the reputation of Zhang Jujing and Shijiabao, he was a little restless. Unfolded the map of Yongping Road presented by Wu Henian, but he couldn't stand it. He felt his heart beat fast and his palms sweated. Although he joined the army early, he has rarely made any decisions independently. The general principles and policies of dealing with the enemy were related to Duo Pan Cheng at the top, and Deng San was in command at the bottom.

What he needs to do, it's just a matter of rushing into battle. Even if there is danger, he has always taken care of himself, and at most it is enough to add Deng San and the people of the headquarters. It can be said that Duo Yongping was the first major decision he made independently.

The success of the first battle gave him a lot of self-confidence. But just like a very poor gambler, after a successful fight, and then facing the gambling game, he often worries about the gains and losses, and is not as good as the previous decision. In the face of this unexpected event, he was a little nervous.

The edge of the map, soaked with sweat from his palm, was thrown away. I casually saw the notes on the desk, and the place where I opened them was just some of his plans to take a little Goryeo these days. The two soldiers and horses are in the rumors, what are you talking about about the 3,000 miles of Goryeo? Thinking of this, he couldn't help but laugh to himself.

whispered two sentences of Deng San's teachings before joining the army: "Every time you don't enter the forest, you will be angry when you are angry." He calmed down and pondered.

What the situation is, it is clear. After calming down, he made a judgment on the situation: no matter what the purpose of Zhang Jujing and Shijiabao was, Yongping couldn't stay and had to leave as soon as possible. Even Daning and Xingzhou, which are in western Liaoning, have moved, and it is conceivable that the cities in the hinterland that are closer are afraid that they are ready to move for a long time.

The riding boots are blowing, and the generals are coming.

Compared to the escape, the weather is very different. They all ate and were all dressed in new armor from the Yongping Treasury. All of a sudden, above the lobby, swords slammed, helmets flashed, sweeping away the haze in the hall, and the light shone brightly.

The most exaggerated is Wenhuaguo. He wore a gold helmet on his head, and he wore a gold ring, a very thick and long gold chain, which was wrapped around his waist. All over his body, the golden light was dazzling, and even the two sledgehammers that he kept in his hands were found by craftsmen and wrapped in a layer of gold leaf. Two soldiers carried the way and followed, and he staggered into the lobby.

Everyone looked sideways.

Brother Huang Donkey smiled contemptuously, Monk Li was dumbfounded, Luo Guoqi couldn't help but smile, and hurriedly turned around. Guan Shirong, who was in charge of security in the city with Wen Huaguo, although it was not the first time to see him in this outfit, he still couldn't help but smile, and got up and beckoned him to sit.

As soon as Wen Huaguo has money, he can't wait to hang all the characters on his body, Deng She and the old brother of the horse thief have always known it, and it is not strange. Chen Hu was the last to arrive, and he was busy recruiting troops.

Seeing that everyone had arrived, Deng She sent a message about Heguangxiu and ordered him to bring the spy and tell the enemy information in detail. In front of the generals, he repeatedly interrogated the spies, and after confirming that there was no doubt, he waved his hand and ordered Ha Guangxiu to take him down and cut down. Before asking everyone's opinions, he first asked Chen Hu: "General Chen, how is the recruitment matter?" ”

"Out of nowhere, there is a rumor that my Northern Expedition will have a million people here. The city and county were short of food, and the people were panicked, and in four or five days, 8,000 troops were surrendered. In the past two days, there have been many people who have joined the army, and there are 2,000 this morning. "Deng She, Chen Hu, and Wen Huaguo made an agreement to spread rumors, and the three of them knew. also told Wu Henian not to speak. So as not to be mixed and leak out, it is not beautiful.

Deng She nodded and said to everyone: "The names of Zhang Jujing and Shijiabao must have been heard of by everyone. There are not many Daning Tartars, and Shijiabao only relies on the green army to stick to the lonely city for half a month, making Mao Wanhu return in vain. It's a tough opponent. The Xingzhou Tiger Ben Army, which should not be underestimated, is the only Qianhu Wing that has been preserved to this day in the command division of the Tatar Tiger Ben pro-army. The matter has come to this point, generals, what are the countermeasures? ”

There was silence in the lobby.

Wen Huaguo, who had always been the first to speak, kept his head shut and didn't say a word. Chen Hu and Zhao Guo were silent. Like Deng She, they all felt the mystery hidden in the intelligence, and concentrated their efforts to analyze the pros and cons.

Monk Li frowned, took off his helmet, rubbed his bald head, and muttered: "Tartar is good at fighting veterans, my new army." He really wants to attack, Yongping, I can't defend it. ”

Luo Guoqi looked left and right, and saw that no one spoke for a long time, so he said with a worried face: "General, what Li Baihu said is extremely true. Daning and Xingzhou are really extraordinary. Mao Wanhu has 30,000 elites, and he can't break the city. Besides, our army, the new army has only been formed, not to mention the battle formation, and the drill has not been. There are only 800 people who can be called elite soldiers. This advance and retreat is ,......" He quickly glanced at Deng She's expression, and then looked at Chen Hu's face, and stopped talking.

Deng She said: "General Luo doesn't need to worry, he has something to say. In the autumn of crisis, it is time to work together. ”

Luo Guoqi said again and again, his idea has long been said, and it has never been cut off since Yongping, he said: "The villain thinks that it is better to avoid the Tartar for the time being and sail across the sea." With this 8,000 people, and the merit of protecting the king's wife, Shandong Mao Guipingzhang, dare not entrust the general with a heavy responsibility? ”

Brother Huang Donkey snorted: "Fear the enemy like a tiger!" Last time the military meeting, you proposed to go to Shandong. Now the enemy has not moved, and he wants to run away! Where are they placed? Where is the Pingzhang? After a pause, he added, "Where is Mrs. Wang?" ”

Brother Huang Donkey came to Yongping by default at first, because he was lonely, if the kings of Mobei really went south, there would be no soldiers and no pawns around him, and he would just die. Now that the recruitment is going well, he is naturally reluctant to give up the capital and go to Shandong. When I went to Shandong, I couldn't help myself, and I had to look at Deng She's eyes everywhere; Back in Shangdu, he was 100% sure that these 8,000 people would be handed over to him to rule.

What's more, since the conquest of Yongping, he has held his breath.

Wen Huaguo was extremely presumptuous, and he didn't take him in his eyes at all; Chen Hu has a strange yin and yang atmosphere, hanging an ice face all day long; Zhao Guo is a small soldier, and he is on an equal footing; The treasury was full of boxes of gold and silver, and those that fell into his hands were only a hundred taels.

Speaking of power distribution, it was Chen Hu who recruited troops, Wenhuaguo and Guan Shirong were in charge of public security, Zhao Guo was in charge of the treasury, Luo Guoqi was the one who pacified the people, and it was Monk Li who inspected the counties. When it was his turn, he seemed to humbly invite him to discuss it in the court, but apart from a collective military discussion like the one now, when did Deng She discuss it with him?

The most excessive, Deng She Xiaoer, a few days ago, for the wife of the Tartar manager, he actually drove him out of the mansion of the head of Liu. Although Deng She explained to him afterwards, how could he swallow this breath raw!

I was blind before, and I regarded him as a good person in vain! The more he thought about it, the more annoyed he became, Brother Huang Donkey was furious, took a deep breath, and reluctantly pressed it. It's not yet the time of the attack, stay in Shangdu, and look good at you.

He heard Guan Shirong speak: "It's okay to go back to Shangdu." The only way to worry about Daning and Xingzhou to go to Shangdu is to rush, don't call it a hit. Let the Tartars laugh at us if we don't defend the city, and we will die for ourselves. ”

"This is not the only road, you can bypass Daning and take a long road." Brother Huang Donkey has no good airway.

For Guan Shirong and a few people, he is not used to it.

Luo Guoqi followed Deng She's ass every day, flattering; Guan Shirong ignored him, and the fight with Wenhuaguo was hot. Monk Li has always been a cow and Deng She, and he originally admired it very much. Who knew that after laying down Yongping, this bald donkey became like a person, and there was no anger at all, and whatever Deng She said, he would do it.

As soon as the words fell, Guan Shirong retorted: "It is always not safe to take 8,000 new troops around the tiger's mouth. ”

"So what do you say?" The anger suppressed by Brother Huang Donkey rose again, his face turned cold, and he asked.

Guan Shirong pondered for a long time, unable to find a solution, and thought about Luo Guoqi's words, which seemed to make sense. He bowed his hand to Deng She: "It's better to listen to the general." ”

Deng She coughed and went to see Chen Hu: "Chen Baihu has not spoken for a long time, and he will definitely gain something." I'd like to hear from you. ”

The code on his side was handed over gently, and Chen Hu understood: "What everyone said makes sense. Comparatively speaking, Shandong seems to be more secure than Shangdu. As Guan Baihu said, it is too dangerous to lead 8,000 new troops to the path of tigers and wolves. He took a breath and was worried, "And what Luo Baihu said, go to Shandong." According to the general, security is safe, but it can only be temporary. ”

"What do you mean?" Deng She asked, and everyone's eyes were on Chen Hu and listened to his explanation.

"When I arrived in Shandong, I was a guest soldier. The subordinates are worried, we are few and single, the stepfather is not close, and the stepmother is not loved. I can't say, when I became a substitute for the dead. "What he said is true, the credit is not shared, he is the first to die, and he has suffered a lot from being a horse thief for so many years.

As soon as he said it, Luo Guoqi, Guan Shirong, and Monk Li were also related. They were the guest troops of the Northern Expeditionary Army. Take this attack on Fengzhou as an example, they were the vanguard of the attack on Fengzhou; After capturing Fengzhou, Guan Duo's troops entered the city to occupy it, but they had to continue to gallop for hundreds of miles, attacking Yunnei and Dongsheng.

Although they should belong to Mao Gui's department, several people have joined the Northern Expeditionary Army for many years, and there are no acquaintances in Shandong; Second, there are no more than 100 official positions, they know Mao Gui, and Mao Gui doesn't know them. It's hard to say what kind of treatment you will be treated if you go in a hurry.

"This is very true, this is very true." Monk Li echoed. You can't go to Shandong, you can't go up, Guan Shirong asked: "What does Chen Baihu mean, isn't it to stick to Yongping and wait for the enemy to move?" ”

Chen Hu shook his head: "It's okay to wait for the enemy to move, and it is absolutely impossible to defend the city." The soldiers were inexperienced, and they were all recruited from the local homeless people. As soon as the Tartars besiege the city, people will inevitably change in distress. ”

"Go, can't go; Guard, can't keep. What does Chen Baihu mean when he says that there is no way out in front of him? Brother Huang Donkey asked, "Could it be that you want to surrender?" ”

Chen Hu got up when he heard this, and said: "Brothers all know that since the last general joined the army, he has killed not a thousand, but eight hundred. Charging into battle, he has never dared to avoid death. Huang Qianhu, the word surrender, you can't mention it. ”

Brother Yellow Donkey snorted twice and asked, "Then what do you mean?" ”

Chen Hu breathed a sigh of relief, turned to Deng She and said, "The subordinates have considered it again. The only way to survive is in the Northeast. ”

"Where's the Northeast?" Luo Guoqi was disappointed when he saw that Chen Hu had rejected his proposal; Listening to him say something strange and beating his spirit, he asked.

Chen Hu looked around, his gaze swept over everyone's faces one by one, and spit out two words: "Gaoli." ”

The reason why Deng She went around in such a big circle with him was that he refused to directly state his intentions. is worried that if it is not handled well, Luo Guoqi and the others will shake the military heart of the eight hundred old soldiers. Luo Guoqi, Guan Shirong, Monk Li, and Brother Huang Donkey went to stay for themselves, but Deng She never thought of letting these eight hundred old soldiers go. Restraining the troops, training the troops, charging at critical moments, how can you do without them?

At this point, no matter how stupid a person is, he should understand that what Chen Hu said is exactly what Deng She meant. The hall fell silent again, and no one spoke, repeating the scene when the plan was planned to capture Yongping.

Dunshe is not in a hurry or impatient. It was getting late, and it was getting dark in the lobby. The wind rose in the courtyard, and the branches and leaves were swept and rattled. It's cold. Deng She beckoned his own soldiers and ordered candlesticks and torches to be lit. The light was bright, and the dancing flames added some warmth to the empty hall.

Wen Huaguo came up anxiously, jumped up, and the gold chain around his waist rattled. Speaking loudly, he crossed his hands and said: "Lao Chen's opinion, General Ben looks, good, very good!" In the land of Goryeo, the natives are cowardly and courageless, and I have 8,000 men and horses, how can I not even take a foothold! ”

He urged his own soldiers: "Go, go and call the stick of Ha Guangxiu and let him say, isn't it?" Let's see if I'm right? He opened his strange eyes and scolded everyone, "A group of things that are as soft as snot and pus as sauce, no guts and bandits, hesitant birds!" Lao Guan, I see that you are still a man, make a statement! At the end, he glanced at the yellow donkey brother and scolded, "What! ”

Deng She stopped Wen Huaguo from calling He Guangxiu, and patiently told everyone about his overall plan.

Guan Shirong's face flushed when he heard this. Wen Huaguo's sentence was as soft as snot and pus as sauce, which stimulated him a lot. I couldn't help but think of what Dun She said: "How bold a man is, how productive is the land." ”

The successful capture of Yongping grew his courage. Protecting the people is naturally the first goal, but under this premise, if you can develop and grow, why not? And listening to what Deng She said, it is indeed feasible to capture Goryeo.

He slapped his thigh and was about to speak, when Monk Li stood up suddenly, turned to the hall, pulled out his waist knife, inserted it into the gap on the ground, put his bald head on his head, and said loudly: "Although I am a monk, I am not a nun." A man who has the courage and the ability. General, I am going to Goryeo, and I am willing to be a pioneer. ”

Of the four, two agreed. Luo Guoqi still didn't give up, and he looked forward to Ai Ai: "Mrs. Wang, will you be willing to go?" ”

Wenhua Guo Ma Jindao, sat back in his seat, and wrote lightly: "When you don't want to go, pick a few people and send her across the sea." ”

"That's so." The person who knows the times is Junjie, Luo Guoqi said, "The villain has no opinion." ”

The general trend has gone, and the return to the top has become a castle in the air in a blink of an eye, the bubble has been shattered, Brother Huang Donkey is disappointed and angry, and the two emotions are mixed together, almost pulling his feet and leaving. He barely restrained himself and stayed, nominally still a thousand households, and as soon as he left, he became the commander of the light pole. It's powerful, how can he not know? He hated it: "Since everyone agrees, I have no opinion." ”

People are under the eaves, so bow their heads for the time being. He calculates in his heart, but in the world, money is moving. Those 100 taels of silver can always come in handy.

Deng Shefu got up: "The plan has been decided." Generals, even if the Tartars come to attack, they will not be able to come in a hurry. Let's recruit soldiers for two more days. After a pause, he continued, "Eight thousand recruits, although they have been formed, the commander has not yet been appointed. My opinion is that the four generals Guan, Li, Luo, and Zhao each led a thousand people; Wen and Chen, working hard, each brought 2,000 people; Huang Qianhu, please deign to be the deputy of these 8,000 people. ”

Without waiting for everyone to speak, he continued: "All the soldiers and horses in the current headquarters, please hand them over to me first, and temporarily serve as personal soldiers. The roster of recruits is in the hands of General Chen, and General Chen is responsible for how to distribute the soldiers. Finally, he asked, "I don't know if the generals think it's appropriate?" ”

This plan was discussed by him with Chen Hu and Wen Huaguo. If the generals stay, so it will be arranged.

First, they didn't have so many people with experience in leading troops, and they had to rely on them to capture Goryeo; Both of them, since they voluntarily stayed, no matter how unfair they were, they were chilling in vain, and they also made others feel that they were too small. Anyway, there are only 3,000 of them, and the big head is still in their hands.

Moreover, when assigning soldiers, they can also give themselves more young and strong ones without causing dissatisfaction among Guan Shirong and others. In one fell swoop, he returned to the most combat-effective 800 veterans, which can be called the best of both worlds.

It's just that Guan, Li, and Luo are good at arranged, but Brother Huang Donkey is not. He was originally a thousand households, the highest position among the people, and he regarded himself as a descendant, Chen Hu believed that no matter whether he was given real power or not, he would not be balanced. So, simply, appoint him to a nominal high position. Deng She thought so.

Appointed, everyone is happy, thousands of households can control thousands of people, this is already an exceptional treatment, Guan Shirong and the three of them have no doubts. Brother Huang Donkey couldn't suppress his anger anymore, turned his head and left with a black face.

Wen Huaguo stared at his back and spit out a mouthful of thick phlegm. This dog has been frowning for days, and he has long been unpleasant; Fang Cai discussed the military again, and repeatedly twisted and pinched the blame, sneering, if it weren't for his grandfather's surname Wen, how could the big fist spare him!

Deng She could understand the anger of Brother Huang Donkey. He was not angry, and smiled slightly: "Since everyone is not opposed, please go back and familiarize yourself with the troops." Early the day after tomorrow, set off on time. ”

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1. Privy Council.

In charge of the military institutions, there were Privy Councils in some provinces at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. After the pacification of the world, the Privy Council was basically abolished.

Kublai Khan, the patriarch, wanted to use the Privy Council to exercise the power of the province, but the minister tried his best to oppose it and gave up. The right to transfer and command the garrisons of the provinces was returned to the provincial level. Without the special decree of the emperor, officials below the level of the ordinary chapter have no right to manage military and political affairs. Most of the Pingzhang were held by Mongols, a few were colored, and Han Chinese could not hold them.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan court began to set up privy councils in various provinces.

2, Liaoyang Province is a member of the Privy Council.

Positive three products.

3. The number of troops of the Yuan Dynasty.

The total number of troops in the Yuan Dynasty was about one million, and the exact number is unknown, because "the military registration is an important task of the military aircraft, and the Han people do not read it". "Although the cardinal is close to the ministers and officials and military travelers, only one or two chiefs know it", the Yuan Dynasty was a hundred years, "the number of internal and external soldiers, no one knows." ”

"The emperor knows the number of soldiers and horses in the world, and the Mongolian officials who are the leaders of the court officials know", and the secrecy work is very well done.

The officials of the Privy Council are different from the local petty officials, and the Han people have absolutely no chance to participate in it, even when there is no one in the Privy Council and there is no military information, this is the same: Emperor Yuan took refuge in the summer capital, "the old system, the cardinal officials followed, and one member was left to do the affairs of the court, and the Han people were not allowed to do it."

β€”β€”Emperor Yuan went to Shangdu for summer vacation, and he went every year, and he went for a long time, usually half a year. Since Guan Duo fell into Shangdu, "the burning of the palace is exhausted, and the head master will no longer patrol".

4, 1,000 households.

Yuan system: more than 7,000 people in tens of thousands of households, more than 5,000 people in the middle 10,000 households, and more than 3,000 people in the lower 10,000 households. Thousands of households and hundreds of households are also divided into three classes, all of which are like the number of 10,000 households commanding the army. There are signs under 100 households, and 10 soldiers are formed. The head of the brand is also called the head of the ten households, the head of the ten, and the head of the nine. When Zhu Yuanzhang was Guo Zixing's personal soldier, he held this position.

According to the actual number of troops, the commanders of the guards of the Suwei pro-army and the 10,000 households stationed in various places have official ranks of positive and subordinate three grades; Thousands of households from the fourth grade to the fifth grade; 100 households are from six products to seven products.

The military establishment of the rebel armies in various places is roughly the same as that of the Yuan system.

5. Loose officials.

In the Yuan system, the military attache has no positive product, and the highest is the Privy Councillor, which is from the first product. According to the positive and from, it is divided into nine grades and seventeen levels.

Each rank has a certain name, that is, "loose official", the fifth rank and above are called generals, the sixth to eighth ranks are called captains or lieutenants, and the ninth rank has no loose official name.

- In other words, more than 1,000 households can be called generals.

Each rank is divided into two to three ranks, from the second to the eighth grade, a total of thirty-four ranks. For example, the military attache is the second grade, which is divided into the general of the dragon and tiger guard, the general of the Jin Wuwei, and the general of the hussar guard, a total of three orders.

However, Yuan's scattered officials and positions do not correspond to each other.

6, annual harvest.

"More than 300 ingots of gold and more than 1,000 ingots of silver."

For fifty taels of ingots, the income of silver in a year is fifty or sixty thousand taels, and when it is high, it is only seventy or eighty thousand taels. In 1298, the right prime minister Wan Zeyan said: "The number of years of income,...... Sixty thousand taels of silver,......"

However, in the 100th year since the founding of the country, coupled with the inheritance of the silver deposit of the previous generation, as well as the "buying" of the Wokotai period, many people in the Western Regions and Huihui used a certain amount of silver taels to buy foundations, water conservancy, wine classes, salt taxes, and even rivers and bridges in the world, and handed over to the Khan's court before and after the calculation of hundreds of millions of taels.

As a result, the amount of silver deposited is still quite large. Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the world, once sent people to bring 100,000 taels of gold to the Western Regions to buy medicine. Kublai Khan died, Chengzong ascended the throne, and "Zhao Zhulu leveled the silver stored in the banknote treasury of 936,950 ......".

7, the value of one hundred taels of silver.

It's already a lot.

Since the Yuan Dynasty, China began to adopt silver as the scale of value, and gradually developed to use silver as a means of circulation.

Yuanfa banknotes, that is, the silver standard. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, one tael of silver was worth two banknotes, and it was always a thousand dollars; In the Zheng period, inflation, four banknotes could not be exchanged for six cents of silver, one tael of silver was exchanged for nearly seventy banknotes, and one hundred taels was seven thousand yuan, seven hundred thousand yuan. This is still the official price, and the price of the private black market is even higher.

This is because the purchasing power of paper money is very low, and no one wants to ask for it compared to gold and silver. To the first ten years, take off the money change method, issue new money, Jiangnan rice per stone for the old banknote 67. In the winter of the nineteenth year, the price of rice in Hangzhou was sold to 25 per bucket.

8, ingots.

The ingot is also the treasure of the yuan.

The beginning of Chinese-style ingots has been since the Yuan Dynasty. In the thirteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, when the Yuan soldiers conquered the Southern Song Dynasty, the ancestor Kublai Khan melted the scattered silver collected from the soldiers into the shape of ingots, commonly known as silver ingots, named ingots, and gave them to meritorious soldiers.