Chapter 304: Waves Again

More than 10 new laws and regulations, such as the Detailed Rules for the General Taxation of Sufu Province, the Criminal System of the Heavenly Kingdom of Sufu Province, the Detailed Rules for the Imperial Examination of Sufu Province, the Regulations for Industry and Commerce of Sufu Province, the Regulations on Military Preparation of Sufu Province, the Regulations on Agriculture, Forestry and Tea Silk of Sufu Province, the Regulations of Sufu Province for Saving the Dangerous and Helping the Weak, the Regulations of Sufu Province for New Studies, the Regulations of Salt and Iron Liquor Industry of Sufu Province, and the Detailed Rules for the Doctrine of Sufu Province have aroused heated discussions among various departments, county and county officials. These rules and regulations were drawn up by the six ministries in accordance with their respective functional scopes, for example, the Ministry of Household Affairs has a better understanding of the "Sufu Provincial General Taxation Rules", but the "Sufu Provincial Heavenly Kingdom Criminal System" drawn up by the Criminal Department is not very clear. After obtaining these decrees and bylaws, the ministries and county officials began to examine them from an outsider's perspective.

Although doing so may be seen by laymen, Xiao Yungui knows that these laws and regulations still need to be perfected. Although he and Hong Yuner added a lot of things from later generations when they reviewed these documents, neither of them could hold whether it was suitable for use now.

For example, in the "Sufu Provincial General Tax Rules", a large number of excesses and miscellaneous taxes have been abolished, and even the sub-export tax on imported goods has also been abolished. This sub-export tax is the old system of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and foreign goods are imported and transferred to other places on the way, and the sub-export tax is levied every time the Manchu Qing Dynasty crosses the border, which hinders the circulation of goods in disguise. Although the sub-export tax hinders the circulation of foreign goods, it protects some local handicraft industries to a certain extent, and if cheap foreign goods penetrate deep into the interior, the impact on local private handicraft industries is very huge. The most obvious of these foreign goods is the textile industry, the impact of the foreign cloth and yarn and other textiles woven by the great powers on the textile industry in the south of the Yangtze River is very huge, and the Manchu Qing Dynasty has caused the bankruptcy of countless handicraft workshops in Suzhou folk weaving when the Zikou tax was levied, and a large number of textile workers could not survive.

However, sooner or later, the sub-export tax will have to be abolished, and hindering the circulation of commodities will hinder the emergence of capital markets, without which it will be difficult to flourish in industry and commerce. It was difficult to break the feudal small-scale peasant economy left by the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Xiao Yungui did not want his new policy to be a change of feudal reform, but did not fundamentally change the feudal economic form, and China was still a backward agricultural country, and could not become a newly industrialized country catching up with the foreign powers.

But Hong Yun'er worries that once the sub-tax is abolished, the drastic changes will be too fast, and the increase in the number of unemployed people will cause social instability. Zuihou or Xiao Yungui persuaded Hong Yun'er that there has never been a stable change in the world, and if you want to get rid of the old backward system, the price must be paid, so the sub-mouth tax is still abolished.

When the officials were discussing the "Sufu Provincial General Tax Rules". In addition to the controversy over commercial taxes such as the sub-mouth tax, measures such as the abolition of many harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, regardless of the tax paid by the gentry per acre, were unanimously approved by the officials. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the Jiangnan Tianfu was very heavy, and by the end of the Ming Dynasty, the income was increased by Liao, training and expulsion. The world is in an uproar. The Qing Dynasty inherited the Ming system, and the relationship was not changed. Although during the time of Kang and Yong, several times the reduction of the levy. However, the reduction is only symbolic, and the actual land endowment is still increasing. According to common sense, the land endowment should be paid by the landlord, and if there is more land, it will be reasonable and more interfering, and if there is no land or less land, it should not be paid or less. However, since the Qing Dynasty and the Jia, officials have been corrupt. It's turned upside down. Prominent officials and gentry and other large households have tens of millions of acres of land, but they can not accept the land endowment, or skillfully avoid it. Although the quota is positive, the reduction of income has also been "slowed down", and even the heavy burden of land endowment has been mostly passed on to small households, yeoman farmers, and poor peasants.

Moreover, this kind of unfairness will also lead to land annexation, in the southern part of Jiangsu, the gentry here, with their shili, "short payment" of grain, their shortfall "must be compensated for by the good small households in the countryside, and in order to make up for the shortcomings". However, the small households and the poor are overwhelmed, and they often send grain in the name of the large households, and over time, their limited land property is swallowed up and plundered by the large households.

The abolition of other harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes is another measure of the West Palace's wealth and poverty, and the taxes of the Qing Dynasty, since the Kangxi period were apportioned into the mu, the field tax only includes two items: field grain and land. And the southern Jiangsu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and the grain of the Cao Yun Beijing Division, called "Cao Grain". The grain was transported for thousands of miles, and the freight was all from the grain households, so the "floating harvest" became the practice of local corrupt officials and corrupt officials. In addition, the annual collection of grain is often paid in a discounted manner, which is called "folding color". However, no matter whether the grain is folded or the silver is paid, when it is converted, it is not higher than the local silver price, which is called "extortion". Since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, on the eve of the Taiping Rebellion, it has reached the level of unbearable life of the people. There are also many names and methods of exacting miscellaneous taxes: Dahu is one of them; The excuse is that the quality is insufficient, "seven folds and eight deductions", this is the second; "Drenching the tip of the kick", the third; Throwing outside, this is the fourth; There is a fee for water feet, there is a fee for inspecting rice, there is a fee for gray printing, and there is a fee for sieving rice, which is the fifth; In addition, when grain and rice are put into the warehouse, there are warehouse fees and door fees; The grain is solved, and the freight is added, and the "Cao Gui" fee is ,......。 There are many names and tricks. The so-called "number of conspiracies in this, although the gods are unfathomable!" The officials at all levels who benefited the most from such a large excess floating income were the officials at all levels, and the officials below and below were all fat and self-satisfied.

However, the new tax rules of Suphu Province in Xidian completely stipulate that no other money and grain shall be collected in any name by any locality or government except for the tax items specified in the "General Taxation Rules of Sufu Province". The Manchu Qing Dynasty's excesses in taxes were 10 times the positive amount, and it is believed that the introduction of the new tax law will greatly reduce the pressure on the people.

Compared with the tax law, the most controversial is the "Sufu Province Heavenly Criminal System". "Sufu Province Heavenly Criminal System" is something that Ji Wenyuan and others made up in accordance with the "Taiping Criminal Law", and then Xiao Yungui, Zuo Zongtang, Wang Minyun and others have deleted and modified it. Zuo Zongtang and others made changes according to the laws of the previous dynasties such as the Ming Law and the Qing Law, while Xiao Yungui and Hong Yuner made changes according to the laws of later generations, and some of them were biased towards Western laws. After a few tinkerings, a somewhat different "Sufu Province Heavenly Criminal System" was released.

After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established Tianjing as its capital, the Taiping Criminal Law was promulgated on the basis of the "Ten Heavenly Rules" and the "Taiping Regulations". The Taiping Criminal Law regarded the feudal bureaucrats, gentry, and bullies headed by the Qing court as 'demons', and pursued the policy of 'eliminating demons when they encounter them', and imposed the most severe sanctions on those who plotted rebellion and rebellion and collaborated with the enemy. Those who disturb social order, embezzle and steal, read demon books, and smoke opium are also severely punished. The punishment prescribed in the Taiping Criminal Law was simple and cruel, and although it played a role in maintaining the new regime to a certain extent, it expanded the scope of the so-called demons, which was sometimes inaccurate, and pushed some people who sat on the sidelines to the side of the Manchus. Therefore, the reference to the so-called demons was first deleted in the "Sufu Province Heavenly Criminal System", and Xiao Yungui introduced the concepts of war criminals and political prisoners.

Therefore, the "Sufu Provincial Heavenly Kingdom Criminal System" was widely criticized by various officials, and more than 1,000 amendments were proposed. Li Shourong, Xu Naizhao and other Confucian scholars had very strong opinions on the foundation of this code and legislation, and they believed that etiquette should be given priority and education should be the mainstay, and that etiquette and religion should come from customs, and that the draft copy the Western model and the unrealistic teachings of the Taipings, ignoring China's national conditions. Moreover, this criminal law betrays etiquette and religion, does not protect the Confucian Three Principles and Five Constants, and turns a blind eye to some "criminal acts" that obviously violate the Gangchang Teachings, such as disobedience to fathers and adultery, and other criminal laws are too harsh, but it seems to be the set of tyrannical Legalists.

Zuo Zongtang, Ji Wenyuan and others believe that the "Sufu Provincial Heavenly Kingdom Criminal System" abolished torture such as Ling Chi and beheading, and the punishment was too light to deter criminals, and at the same time, too many new words were used, and the semantics were difficult to understand.

"Your Highness, the punishment system is too lenient and not enough to deter the younger generation. Although the words of Li Shourong and others are reasonable, the matter of etiquette and religion can be placed in the matter of a peaceful and prosperous era, and the three outlines and five constants are the root of the legal code, which cannot be overturned in one fell swoop, otherwise the hearts of the people of the world will be difficult to clean up. The subordinates thought that the criminal system should be overhauled, the hearts of the people should be determined internally, and the reputation should be known externally, and the pardon of the world should be changed only after my heavenly kingdom dominates the world......"

In the main hall, Xiao Yungui and Hong Yun'er patiently listened to the words of Zuo Zongtang and others, glanced at each other, looked at each other and smiled bitterly, it seems that this criminal system is going to be overhauled, maybe the two of them are too far ahead of their time.

At that moment, Xiao Yungui asked the Criminal Department to re-examine the criminal system, and all the officials claimed to praise the wisdom of King Xi.

The next step is to discuss the "Sufu Provincial Imperial Examination Rules", "Sufu Provincial Industrial and Commercial Regulations", "Sufu Provincial Military Statutes", "Sufu Provincial Agriculture, Forestry and Tea Silk Regulations", "Sufu Provincial Regulations for Saving the Weak and Helping the Weak", "Sufu Provincial New School Regulations", "Sufu Provincial Salt and Iron Liquor Industry Regulations", "Sufu Provincial Doctrine Rules" and other statutes.

One of the most impactful items in the "Sufu Provincial Imperial Examination Rules" is to open up the details of the imperial examination, and the subjects of agriculture, industry, commerce, and medicine are opened, which means that in the future, you can take the imperial examination without having to be a scholar. Confucian-born officials such as Li Shourong and Xu Naizhao strongly opposed it, believing that if these figures of three religions and nine streams could participate in the imperial examination and become officials, it would hurt the hearts of scholars all over the world.

This attracted the opposition of many generals in the hall who were not scholars, such as many old brothers in the West Hall who were not scholars, most of them were farmers, miners, and wealthy merchants.

The two sides argued, and at first they were kind to each other, but later Ji Wenyuan and others opened their mouths and scolded Li Shourong, Xu Naizhao and others for being Confucian remnants.

Xiao Yungui was furious and shouted loudly to suppress both sides, but he also saw a very serious problem, which was whether the West Hall should respect Confucianism as the foundation of the country. Although the Taiping Army has been weakening the influence of the God Worship Sect before, after all, the Taiping Army relied on this doctrine to raise troops, even if he and Hong Yun'er weakened again, this doctrine still cannot be removed. He had been fighting before, and the Confucian scholars in the army and the old brothers who believed in the worship of God were all working hard for the war, and it was this contradiction that was suppressed. But now that we are talking about governing the country, contradictions between the two sides will naturally arise.

Xiao Yungui only realized that he had forgotten this big problem at this time, and when he saw that the two gangs were hostile to each other, he felt that it was tricky.

Hong Yun'er hurriedly got up and said: "Zuo Xiang, the head of the six departments, the county guard, the head of the two military and political departments in Shanghai and Ningbo will stay, and the rest of the people will temporarily retreat to the side hall to rest!" ”

Xiao Yungui added loudly: "No one can mention the words of the dispute between the right people, we are ministers in one palace, and if there are any nonsense that disturbs people's hearts, they should be punished for rebellion!" (To be continued......)