119 Route Issues
Dzerzhinsky's final report to the Politburo and his handling opinions can be said to have stirred up a thousand waves with one stone, and his way of handling it is almost not to deal with it, which is tantamount to acquiescing in Li Xiaofeng's handling method.
Since this result made Stalin, who was waiting to see the knife, very dissatisfied, he said a lot of ugly things in a strange way. But who is Dzerzhinsky? Man in the Iron Mask! It was useless for people to say anything about what he had decided, anyway, it made Stalin angry enough.
Not only Stalin, but even Trotsky were not satisfied with this result, but when the elder questioned it at the Politburo meeting, the result of the vote was intriguing. Trotsky, Ulitsky, Stalin and Kalinin agreed that this result was unjust and did not correctly reflect the truth of the case. But Sverdlov, Ruzutak, Dzerzhinsky and Frunze thought that this was the end of the matter.
Four votes to four votes, a tie, that is, the first round of voting in the Politburo was inconclusive, and the Great Elders needed to continue the discussion.
At this time, the speeches of the two people affected the trend of the incident, the first was Kuibyshev, who was inconspicuous in the Politburo and did not lean towards any faction, but as the chairman of the Supreme National Economic Council and the actual formulator of the last two five-year plans, he still had considerable prestige in the party.
Kuibyshev did not directly support Li Xiaofeng, he chose to agree with Dzerzhinsky's findings, believing that the current results are completely acceptable and the best way to deal with them.
Another important figure was Frunze, who, as chairman of the Military Commission, recognized the command of Apanashchenko and Mehris as a mistake. It was believed that continuing to fight according to their methods of warfare would only allow the Red Army to suffer greater losses. From this he came to the conclusion that Li Xiaofeng's dismissal of Apanashchenko and Mehris was reasonable. Of course. There may be problems of excesses in the ways and means. But none of this can erase Li Xiaofeng's achievements in the following battles.
"From the reports from the front, I can find that from July 13, our army gradually opened up the situation, and in only two days, it took only two days to control the important commanding heights around Zhanggufeng, the Black Mountain Heights and the 52nd Heights, and also recaptured nearly half of Zhanggufeng's positions. For the same three days, Apanashchenko and Mekhlis gained nothing but casualties. And Comrade Andrei opened up the situation. Even from July 15th, through the beautiful interspersed tactics, the enemy 19th Division was completely surrounded in one fell swoop, and a beautiful battle of annihilation could be fought in the future! This fully shows that Comrade Andrei's timely and resolute adjustment is effective. In this case, why should we criticize a comrade who has not made mistakes in the general direction? ”
Frunze's words may not have been useful to Stalin, but Trotsky had to pay attention to them, because Frunze was Lenin's little friend to him. On general issues, Frunze would be in agreement with him, and only on those issues on which Lenin did not approve would Frunze raise objections. And does Frunze's opposition now mean that this is Lenin's attitude?
Trotsky had to be cautious. He had to respect Lenin's opinion for both reason, public and private, so in the second round of discussions, in the re-vote. Trotsky and Ulitsky chose to abstain. At the critical moment, the balance of power became two-to-four, and Stalin was defeated.
In other words, Dzerzhinsky's handling of Jian Yì was officially approved by the Politburo, which also means that Li Xiaofeng only received a verbal warning for doing such a big outrageous thing. This made Stalin feel the urge to vomit blood when he thought about it, and what made Stalin even more angry was still to come.
Not long after encircling the 19th Division of the Japanese Army, the Japanese troops on Zhanggufeng and Shacao Peak could no longer hold out in the face of the Red Army's war of attrition because of the huge casualties and the inability to keep up with supplies. On July 17 and July 18, the Far Eastern Red Banner Front recaptured Zhanggufeng and Shacaofeng, and surrounded the remnants of the Japanese 19th Division in a small space along the Tumen River.
Not only did they encircle the enemy and regain their positions, but more importantly, from 14 July to 18 July, the Red Army suffered very few casualties in the four-day offensive operation, paying only a small price of more than 150 killed and more than 500 wounded. Compared to the casualties of Apanashchenko's command, it is simply blinding.
For this reason, the Central Military Commission also awarded Li Xiaofeng a Red Banner Medal and a revolutionary honor sword. Do you say that Stalin could not be angry? In fact, according to Sverdlov's construction, it was originally intended to award Li Xiaofeng the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin. But Stalin expressed strong opposition, and almost turned the table up, so he had to give up.
It seems that now, Zhang Gufeng's conflict can finally end satisfactorily, but it is not. This is because there are two important issues involved: first, the question of the ownership of the commander and political commissar of the Red Banner Front in the Far East; The second issue is the issue of negotiations with Japan.
Let's start with the first question, Stalin, naturally, did not want to spit out the fat in his mouth, and tried his best to ask Timoshenko to take over as commander of the Red Banner Front in the Far East, and also nominated Beria to take over as political commissar. Naturally, neither Sverdlov nor Trotsky could agree to this, especially the latter, who had only found an opportunity to expand the power of the Military Commission, how could he let it go.
Lao Tuo said at the time: "The performance of Comrade Tukhachevsky and Comrade Gamarnik in the Spanish anti-intervention war is obvious to all, and with their abilities they are fully qualified to assume the post of commander of the front!" ”
Stalin naturally bit Tukhachevsky and Gamalnik have retired from active service, and since they have retired, they should do what they do.
After some verbal arguments, the two sides were at a stalemate, and then Sverdlov spoke: "I think the issue of Comrade Tukhachevsky can still be discussed. Although he made some mistakes, these mistakes were not principled, and it was a pity that a commander as good as him would abandon them like this. In this way, first appoint him as the acting commander of the Far Eastern Red Banner Front, and examine him within a period of three years, and if the Far Eastern Red Banner Front has achieved excellent results in the next three years, then he will be turned into a regular officer. Otherwise, they will be dismissed. ”
It seems that Sverdlov put forward very harsh conditions. But in reality, this is tantamount to giving the green light to the reinstatement of Tukhachevsky. This made Stalin so angry that he could not say a word. Anyway, under the impetus of Sverdlov and Trotsky. Tukhachevsky finally had a chance to make a comeback.
Not only Tukhachevsky, but also his friends were returned to active duty, Gamalik was transferred to the Kiev Military District as the head of the political department of the military district, and Khalepsky went with Tukhachevsky to the Red Banner Front in the Far East as deputy commander of the First Primorsky Army.
Of course, Stalin was not completely ungained, Beria was appointed political commissar of the Red Banner Front in the Far East, and this insidious villain was like a poisonous snake around Tukhachevsky. Ready at any moment to strike a fatal blow at Tukhachevsky.
After the dust settles on the leadership of the Far Eastern Red Banner Front, the second question will follow, and some comrades may not understand it right away, since the Far Eastern Red Banner Front has such a great advantage on the battlefield, why do they still negotiate, why don't they go straight to the Yellow Dragon and give the Japanese a little color?
This is easier said than done, after all, the tone set by the Politburo has always been Europe first and then Asia, and the Politburo has always believed that the biggest and most formidable enemy of the Soviet Union is Germany, before defeating Germany. You can't do it at a time.
This also decides that even if the Far Eastern Red Banner Front can win one or two battles. However, in the long run, the Soviet Union's development of the Far East was limited, and the Guò Siberian railway line alone could not support a full-scale war with Japan.
In this case, it is the most correct thing to do to hurt the Japanese and then accept it when it is good. Stalin, in particular, fell out of the post of commander of the Red Front in the Far East, especially after Sverdlov parted ways with him and gave Soviet politics a triumvirate model. Stalin desperately needed to do something to secure his position, after all, he belonged to the weakest one in the Big Three model.
In order to open up the situation, Stalin, under the construction of Zhdanov and Mikoyan, was ready to do a very awesome thing, that is, to take the opportunity of the negotiation of the Zhang Gufeng conflict, and at the same time sign a non-aggression pact with Japan and Germany.
Stalin believed that if he could get these two treaties done, it would be equivalent to dissolving the defense problems of the Soviet Union in the East and the West at the same time, and the Soviet Union would no longer have to worry about the threat of war and could build socialism wholeheartedly.
It has to be said that this idea was very amazing, and at that time there were not many people who were optimistic that Stalin would be able to accomplish these two things, and there were even those who were firmly opposed, and that person was Trotsky.
Trotsky was the exact opposite of Stalin's view, and he always believed that whether it was Germany or Japan, it was a jackal, a tiger and a leopard, and that these militarist bandits could not be fed. The Soviet Union's so-called non-aggression pact could only preserve temporary tranquility, and in the long run it was as harmful as the appeasement of Britain and France. Once these two jackals, tigers and leopards continue to invade and plunder and grow, they will eventually target the Soviet Union.
Trotsky's opinion, therefore, was to create a broad anti-fascist coalition in which the Soviet Union should unite with the enemies of the Axis and decisively destroy these jackals, tigers and leopards while they were still weak, and never allow them to take advantage of the opportunity to grow bigger.
To put it simply, Stalin's approach was to delay, as long as the war did not affect the Soviet Union, one day of delay was one day; Trotsky's method was to make a decisive decision, taking advantage of the fact that the enemy was not too strong, and shouting at a group of friends to divide them by two.
So which of these two people is more correct?
On the face of it, Trotsky's method seems to be better, to prevent the danger before it happens, to preemptively remove the danger before it spreads, so that the risk is low and the benefit is high. But it's not that simple, and if all of humanity were so easily united, the Tower of Babel wouldn't fall so easily.
When it comes to the vital interests of several big rogue countries, how can it be so easy to talk about it? Who contributes more and who takes the risk, these details are quite troublesome. For example, Britain and France were eager to make a show and not do anything, so that the Soviet Union could go to the mines. Can this USSR promise?
So Trotsky's method is good on the surface, but it is very difficult to implement it for the time being. At least neither Britain nor France will wholeheartedly go to Germany with the Soviet Union.
So it seems, is Stalin's method better? Stabilize the enemy first and buy yourself time. In order to be ready for war. Looks good. But there are also quite a few problems. Do you have to pay a price if you want to stabilize the enemy? And stabilizing the enemy seems to buy time, but it also gives the enemy a chance to grow. Look at the posture of the Germans sweeping Europe in history, thanks to the blood transfusion of the Americans, otherwise it is really hard to say whether the Soviet Union could hold on.
Anyway, there are problems with both approaches, so what is the opinion of the Sverdlov family on the future at this time?
It has to be said that on this issue, Xiao Si was rather embarrassed, and both mainstream opinions were preemptively registered by Trotsky and Stalin. Nothing was left for Xiao Si. This makes Xiao Si politically embarrassed.
At one point, he either abstained or did not speak on this issue, leaving Stalin and Trotsky in the limelight. Xiao Si also thought about starting a fight, but to tell the truth, when it comes to international relations, Xiao Si's friends are not very good at it.
"We can't continue to be so passive!" Ruzutak said worriedly, "If this continues, we will lose the right to speak on the issue of international relations!" ”
That being said, Ruzutak did not have a very good strategy, and in his opinion he had to choose between Stalin and Trotsky. But no matter which one you choose, you will fail. It's at this critical juncture. Li Xiaofeng came back, and he, who had always had a lot of ghost ideas, immediately helped Sverdlov find a way to break the game.
"Actually, there is a third way." Li Xiaofeng said very calmly.
These words made Xiao Si and Ruzutak's eyes widen, and it was a little incredible, someone has always been simple and rude in matters of international relations, and when he dealt with the Jewish problem, it made Xiao Si Dan feel a lot of pain. If someone is not his little brother, he will definitely not support someone to do that.
"The Comintern is a good card!" Li Xiaofeng looked at Xiao Si and Ruzutak with a smile, he knew that these words would definitely attract the attention of the two of them, and sure enough, they took the bait, Xiao Si asked, "Comintern?" How so? ”
Li Xiaofeng took a breath and slowly analyzed: "As far as our country is concerned, the enemies we have to face are not only fascist bandits, but also imperialist bandits such as Britain and France. It's just that the threat of these bandits and robbers to our country is slightly different. The main threat in the near term is the fascist bandits, but in the long term the main danger is the imperialist bandit group. We must not only defeat the fascist bandits, but also destroy the imperialist bandit clique! ”
Sverdlov and Ruzutak glanced at each other, disapproving of Li Xiaofeng's construction, easier said than done, now the fascist bandits alone are enough for the Soviet Union to drink a pot, and you also add the imperialist bandit group, isn't this looking for abuse?
However, Li Xiaofeng did not care about their thoughts, and continued: "This is not a joke, our vision should be more long-term, and from this point of view, the line advocated by Comrade Stalin and Comrade Trotsky is in fact a compromise with our potential enemy, which is politically wrong. How could the USSR, as a representative of the world proletariat, yield to the enemy? ”
Sverdlov and Ruzutak looked at each other again, they had some understanding of Li Xiaofeng's thoughts, to put it bluntly, in order to maintain the status of the giants in the era of the Big Three, they had to come up with a decent "route", which was actually a signboard, that is, an advertisement. Ads don't always have to be true, but they have to bluff!
Obviously, this signboard created by Li Xiaofeng was indestructible in general righteousness and conformed to the tone of the Bolsheviks. Neither Stalin nor Trotsky can say that this is wrong, can you say that the fascist bandits and imperialist bandits are not class enemies?
"But how does this route actually work?" Sverdlov asked the most central question.
Indeed, the route is not only enough to bluff people, but also to solve practical problems, right? Both Stalin and Trotsky's lines are very maneuverable, so we can't just talk about them, right?
"It's easy!" Li Xiaofeng laughed and said: "We must use the Comintern to unite the anti-fascist and anti-imperialist proletarian brothers of the whole world, establish a world proletarian anti-imperialist and anti-fascist united front, and support and help the class brothers facing the threat of fascism and imperialism to carry out armed struggle." ”
Sverdlov and Ruzutak were stunned, why did this build sound so awkward? Isn't changing the skin the theory of permanent revolution that Trotsky once vigorously advocated? Of course, there is nothing wrong with copycats and piracy, the question is whether this approach has an effect on the real threat of the Soviet Union?
Li Xiaofeng laughed out loud and suddenly asked, "Then the line of Stalin and Trotsky is useful?" Can a mere non-aggression pact prevent Germany and Japan from attacking us? That is a piece of paper, to tear is to tear, and even the only function of this piece of paper is to paralyze ourselves and make us lose our vigilance against war. Speaking of Trotsky's construction, what is the attitude of Britain and France now? Agreed to cooperate? And what is the basis for cooperation? ”
After a pause, Li Xiaofeng sneered: "These two routes are just glamorous on the surface and meaningless in fact. To put it bluntly, they are all just advertisements for political gain. Since everyone only has advertisements and no curative effect, why can't we build a world proletarian anti-imperialist and anti-fascist alliance? (To be continued......)
PS: Bow and thank you to Millions, cjsky, holding Polunzi, agz00025, hzwangdd, Liangzi 913 and Comrade Juventus!