Chapter 8 The Election of Candidates
The topic of the talent selection system has been studied for a long time, and when the discussion is almost over, Cao Cao raised his head, and when he came, it was the beginning of the rising sun.
In these years, it is customary to have two meals a day, generally in the morning (around 10 o'clock) with morning food, and in the afternoon (around 16 o'clock) with evening food. However, it is recorded that the princes and kings had three meals a day, lunch and evening, and the emperor often had four meals a day - probably to show off his difference - and gradually influenced the ordinary nobles and landlords. It's just that Cao Cao leads by example, the Cao Wei regime advocates frugality, and the officials are used to eating two meals.
Under normal circumstances, Cao Cao came over to participate in the prime minister's deliberations, and the conversation should be basically finished before the meal, and then he returned to the public mansion for dinner, and the ministers belonged to the government to eat in the canteen. But this day is different, just one topic, the big guys are quite hotly discussed, and before you know it, it is already close to noon.
Let's not talk about Cao Cao and the crowd, it is Xun Ke who is used to four or even five meals a day, but today in order to lobby Cao Cao early in the morning, he went straight to the Wei Mansion on an empty stomach, and he has been hungry until now, just drinking a few sips of water. Originally, I didn't feel anything when I was fighting with everyone, but when I relaxed, I felt weak, and my stomach inevitably twitched for a while.
Hurriedly glanced at Cao Cao, and after getting his approval, he immediately instructed the little official: "Bring the food to the court." "The little officials of this Zhongshutai are all very sensitive, and they were originally only going to prepare for the morning food of the two directors of the Department (Zhongshu Ling is Xun, Zhongshu Zuo Servant Liu Ye), but when you look at what time it is, the meeting will not be dispersed, including Wei Gong, all of them are still hungry. Hurry up and start a new stove and make food. Now that he got Shixun's order, he immediately brought the warm meals on the stove, one person and one table, one meat, one vegetable, one soup and one pickle. Take out bread or rice.
Everyone was hungry, and they ate the bowl as soon as they picked it up, Xun You, Chen Qun and others were still dignified, and Cao Cao, Cao Hong and others ate quite unrestrainedly, and in the blink of an eye, the bowl was empty, and there was no trickle left. Shihoon was eating. While thinking back on the process and results just discussed, I nodded and was basically satisfied.
Since he persuaded Cao Cao in advance, he set the general direction of the imperial examination system, and then analyzed the specific problems in detail. Everyone is gossiping and bargaining according to their own ideas and positions. The final conclusion was naturally the result of a compromise between all parties, and no one thought that it was a complete victory, but only that it was barely acceptable.
Pure martial artists such as Cao Hong can be ignored, and Cao Cao, as a decision-maker, generally only listens, and rarely expresses his opinion in person—Cao Ang learned from his father, and is basically silent. Most of the rest of the people are Xun You and Chen Qun, and they are on the side of the family. In addition to Mao Jue, there are only Jia Xu and Cheng Yu. However, Jia Wenhe has always been cautious, and Cheng Zhongde seems to want to follow suit recently. So when Mao Jue and Chen Qun argued at the beginning, they didn't interject - anyway, Mao Xiao is on top first, what do we have to spit? Too much to say is bound to be more to lose.
It wasn't until the general direction was set and they began to study the details that the two of them worked hard and began to try their best to fight for the interests of the Shu people.
Overall. All of you here are people of insight in the world (Cao Hong has to be removed), not just mediocre officials who are obsessed with the interests of their families and classes. And they all have the ambition to clarify the world and stabilize the country, so it is not difficult to find a common language. After all, the chaotic situation in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. A large part of the reason is the collusion of the family - although the eunuchs carried the stick of attacking the party to eradicate dissidents, the crime itself was not entirely false. It is the consensus of the upper echelons of Cao Wei Group to suppress the big families and local heroes, and to leave a glimmer of talent for the Shu people.
The difference is that those from the Shu clan hope to get more room for development, while those from the Shi clan feel that under Cao Cao's "meritocracy" policy, there is enough space left for you, and you should take it. Yes, there are many unsuccessful children in the family, who have made the country so chaotic, but you Shu people do not understand the scriptures and do not pay attention to morality, only worse, how can you put the state in your hands?
If the family is 10 and the poor family is -10, then Cao Cao's policy is -3. Chen Qun set the nine-rank official system, hoping to correct the direction and restore fù to 5, it was Xun who proposed the imperial examination system, which was 0 on the surface, but in fact he was more radical than Cao Cao in his bones. It's just that in the end, after repeated games, the basic tone is between 2 and 3. Shi Xun is already quite satisfied with this, because as the Central Plains gradually settles down, Cao Cao's own tendency is also transforming to the family, and it is foreseeable that once it is really unified, his ass is estimated to be more than 5. Now that the system is set as the law of eternity, and it is not completely biased towards the family, it is already a big victory.
The objective environment of society is there, and no matter how strong an individual's subjective initiative is, it is impossible to completely surpass the times, otherwise he will become reckless and will inevitably end up dead and ruined.
The final result is one of the four dissimilarities of the Zhengjia Imperial Examination in the Nine Grades, on the surface, the former is the main body, and the latter is the supplement. First of all, the five counties under the jurisdiction of the Wei State are all set up Zhongzheng officials, who are concurrently served by the current officials of their own origin, who are responsible for evaluating all the scholars in the county, regardless of the family or the Shu family. Then, the results of the evaluation are not directly reported to the selection department or the official department, as the evidence of the appointment of officials, but first submitted to the county election department for the record.
According to Chen Qun, the evaluation characters are divided into family history and status (comments related to virtue and talent), quality (grade), and the quality is divided into nine levels: upper, upper, middle, upper, middle, lower
Among them, it is listed as the top grade, and the virtue is higher, just like the traditional inspection system, directly raised as filial piety, still two per county per year, the bus to Anyi, and Ren Zi, Mengyin as a Lang official, and even directly into the middle book as an official. The rest of the people are not limited in number, and they can go to each county to register and take the exam by subject.
In addition, if the central magistrate does not evaluate for various reasons, and people from other counties, they can "submit self-nominations" to the election department to verify the innocence of their family background, and they have not committed adultery, and they can also participate in the examination. However, in the final examination results, normal candidates can get extra points for the products they have filed, while self-recommenders do not have such preferential treatment, and the number of self-recommended candidates shall not exceed one-fifth of the normal candidates.
Those who pass the examination are called "Maocai", and they have the qualifications to be officials, and they can transfer the files to the county officials and grant them the position of county-level officials. It can also be recommended by the county selection department to the central selection department to participate in the sub-examination of the selection department, and those who pass the guò can be awarded the post of official at the county level or by the central government offices.
The examination is divided into five subjects, namely: Ming Jing, Ming Law, Ming Calculation, Governing Drama (Public Security, Arresting Thieves), and Knowing Soldiers, and different types of positions are awarded according to their subjects. Of course, if people want to continue to rise, maybe they will change their "major", then you can't control it. However, it is stipulated that those who are not born in the "Ming Jing" and are rated as inferior or self-recommended in the county are not allowed to serve as the chief and deputy chief officials of the three stations and the four departments of officials, elections, rites, and literature unless specially ordered by the monarch.
Speaking of which, this is Xun's biggest concession to the family, which is equivalent to opening the door directly to the family of the most core institutions of the country and the most important positions, but only leaving a small gap for the Shu clan - just like the practice of the Ming Dynasty that non-jinshi are not allowed to serve as auxiliary ministers. The workaround is that the rules are set by the monarch, so the monarch has the right to break them, and he can directly intervene in this type of personnel appointment and dismissal.
Of course, this provision only applies in the future, and Cao Cao's original subordinate team is not included in this - it does not mean that Xun You, Shi Xun, Chen Qun and others must continue to work in the third and fourth departments, unless the monarch specifically decrees that they will be promoted, or when the new generation of scholars who pass the imperial examination grow up, they will have the opportunity to give way. Cao Cao directly grabbed this power, and said that the current important officials, I personally appraised them, gave them a grade, and pointed to it: "Gongda, Hongfu, and Xiaoxian can all be listed as second-class officials." ”
Unless the saint is resurrected, no one is qualified to have a first-class product - perhaps if Xun Wenruo is still in office, Cao Cao will consider listing him as the only one.
This kind of evaluation is not a lifelong system, but a three-year one. The imperial examination is also a triennial examination, and it is estimated that the time for announcing policies and evaluating the quality of the Chinese and genuine examinations will be set for the first time after the autumn of this year. It is Xun Jianyì, the imperial examination is a new thing, I am afraid that the counties may not have the ability to effectively understand and implement, the first examination we directly skip the county examination, and the central government will hold it, which can be regarded as setting a tone for the future and making a model for the counties. Cao Cao said yes, and immediately ordered Shixun to preside over the matter, and Chen Qun, the secretary of the Ministry of Officials, Ren Yi, the secretary of the Ministry of Literature, Xun Yue, the secretary of the Ministry of Culture, and Liu Fang, the supervisor of the door, participated in the planning.
On the whole, this system is still beneficial to the family, and mainly because it is only implemented in the five counties of Wei, people from other counties are allowed to submit themselves, which is a temporary measure. The representatives of the family all said that when the Zhongzheng system is on the track, it can be applied to the whole world, and then there is no need to do any self-recommendation, which is equivalent to the imperial court through the guò Zhongzheng officials, and all the scholars in the world are managed.
As for whether giving it to the whole world is the same as giving it to the whole Han Dynasty, everyone laughed "hehe" and tacitly agreed.
At this meeting, Cao Cao didn't just bring Shixun, but also followed by two confidential secretaries - Chen Lin and Su Lin, while everyone discussed, these two listed the entries together with the officials of the Chinese book, and before the meal was held, the draft of the edict was prepared. Cao Cao said that I will take it back and then the secretary will polish it, and then send it to the Zhongshu and the imperial history, and issue it to each county.
Wait for the meal to finish - in fact, Xun You and the others are also half full, who told Cao Cao to eat too fast? The lord has put down his chopsticks, who dares to continue to pick up rice in his mouth - Cao Cao said that we have to move on to the next topic: "Wu Keva?" ”
Everyone said that it could be felled, but only Shi Xun deliberately sang the opposite: "I'm afraid it can't be cut lightly." ”
Cao Cao stretched out his hand and pointed: You are here again. If you have something to say, just say it, don't go around in circles! (To be continued) R640