Although the Germans are proficient in liquid-cooled engines, as an aviation industry power, they also have an engine that can be used in terms of air cooling, especially before 1942, although the German air-cooled engine is not as top as the DB and JUMO series, but the BMW 801 engine with a power of up to 1800 horsepower will be first-class when it first comes out. The tragedy of the BMW 801 engine is not in the beginning, but in the back, at the end of 1941 the power was about 1800 horsepower, but by 1944 it had not broken through the 2000 mark! The so-called 1800 horsepower is this engine! started NB, but it took nearly 3 years and still didn't progress, so it will naturally be thrown out 2 streets by the United States and Britain, who continue to exert their strength! So much so that in the end, when the Germans designed the FW190D and TA152, they preferred to choose the JUMO engine originally used for bombers rather than the BMW 801, not because they didn't want to use it, but because they couldn't use it! The power of the air-cooled engine is not as high as that of the liquid-cooled engine, isn't this a cheat?!

(For those who have studied aviation, you can check that German fighters with liquid-cooled engines, such as the BF109, have always used DB601 and DB605 engines.) Night fighter, HE219 uses DB603 engines. Bombers such as the JU88 and JU87 use JUMO211 engines. Of course, if you tell me why the HE177 uses the DB610 as a bomber, then I can't say, after all, this rule is only for general examples. However, the author has vaguely heard people say that JUMO213 was indeed going to equip the bomber, and Dr. Tan Ke originally preferred the DB603 engine. ）

In this plane. Although the technology is advanced, it is not enough to make the BMW 801 engine eight years ahead of schedule. However, the Germans are also stepping up the development of air-cooled engines in the 1600 hp class, which is okay from the point of view of the number jù. Not advanced. But it can also be used improvised. As a result, the German Navy began to consider whether to make an attack aircraft with air-cooled engines to make up for the low speed of the original carrier-based aircraft.

There is such a saying in Huaxia to describe a person's good luck, and he is about to doze off, but someone comes to deliver a pillow. And just when the German Navy was struggling to find a suitable carrier-based attack aircraft, a tender report from the Air Force attracted the attention of the German Navy. It turned out that the Luftwaffe thought that the BF109 fighter was good, but the fuselage was too small, and the mission it undertook was too simple, and it could only be air-to-air, and its ground attack capability was very limited, so the Luftwaffe planned to engage in an aircraft that could not only fight in the air but also have a certain ability to the ground! And this is exactly what the German Navy wanted!

The German Navy did not require single-engine aircraft to carry bombs that were too heavy. 500KG bombs are sufficient, 800KG bombs and torpedoes are to be handed over to twin-engine aircraft. And if you use the foundation of a fighter to get an attack aircraft, maybe the load will be a little sader, but the speed should be higher. It would be even better if you just got a bomb that could be used as a bomber, and an airplane that could be used as a fighter when the bomb was unloaded! This will directly increase the mission resilience of carrier-based aircraft. Its significance is much more than that of a single-engine fast bomber! And if the performance on the tender can be achieved, then the maneuverability and flight performance of this fighter is even better than the BF109 that the Luftwaffe is now preparing to install in large quantities! So much so that the Luftwaffe considered the gradual transition of carrier-based aircraft from the BF109 to this new fighter if necessary.

And this aircraft is the FW190 in history, compared with history, this aircraft is about 5 years earlier than in history when calculated from the beginning of the project! (Historically, the development of the FW190 was first proposed in the fall of 1937.) The official start was in 1938, and the first test machine FW190V1 in mid-1939. If there is one fighter with the best overall performance in the Axis countries, Xu Jie's personal opinion is the FW190A and D. Historically, when FW190A4 first came out, it had a speed of about 670 kilometers per hour. And the rate of climb is also very high. Rolling is even better. Both in terms of performance and performance. The FW190A is arguably one of the finest aircraft of 1942. The Germans built the most advanced aircraft of their time with modest engines. This is a pioneering feat, and the most important thing is that this aircraft has a strong external plug-in, which can perform ground attack missions well after adding some armor and other equipment. The maximum external weight of the FW190 attack aircraft, which is specially used for ground attack, can reach about 1.8 tons!

Although by 1944, the FW190D was not as good as the P51D and Spitfire 14 in the same period. But it should be noted that in terms of fuel. FW190D uses B4 fuel with a grade of 87, which is not only not comparable with the fuel of the US imperialism with a grade of 100 and 115, but is even inferior to the C3 standard of No. 96 gasoline used by FW190A! But even so, the FW190D and P51D still have their own advantages in flight performance, and the FW190D will have better performance at medium and low altitudes. And the Mustang D Pallet 2 machine 2-speed supercharged Fu will be better at medium and high altitudes, and the two sides can also fight. Of course, if you want to talk about range and comprehensive performance, the Mustang can naturally crush the FW190D.

However, the seemingly bright future seems to be only on the drawings at present, not to mention that the aircraft has not yet begun to be designed, and even the engine prepared for the FW190 has many problems. In order to increase the power, the air-cooled engine needs to add cylinders, and if the cylinders are added too much, heat dissipation will be a problem. The engine overheating problem that has historically plagued the early models of the FW190 is still present in this plane. Considering that the aircraft is going to be used in tropical and subtropical regions, the problem of heat dissipation is definitely quite a fatal problem. As a result, the development of the aircraft was slow.

God was kind enough to the Germans, and while closing one door and opening another door for the Germans. While the development of the FW190 aircraft was lagging behind due to engine problems, a liquid-cooled engine with good performance was progressing, and this is the JUMO211 and its derivatives. Compared with other models of liquid-cooled engines in Germany, this engine has a maximum power of about 1400 horsepower! Increasing the power naturally makes it possible for the aircraft to have a shorter take-off distance and fly faster. So, with the new engine, the Germans found that the problem of flying too slow could be solved by replacing the original dive bomber with a new engine. As the saying goes, two birds in the forest are not as good as one bird in hand, although the versatility of the FW190 aircraft makes the German Navy very satisfied, but this aircraft does not know which monkey year it will come out of. So the German Navy decided to replace the dive bombers with new liquid-cooled engines and survive this period of time.

At this point, the initial aviation system of the carrier-based aircraft unit of the German naval aviation has been basically established, that is, the BF109 fighter aircraft is used to provide escort and direct defense forces, the improved carrier-based twin-engine attack aircraft of the BF110 twin-engine aircraft is used as torpedo aircraft and bombers, and the JU90 dive bombers equipped with new engines are used as supplements. The cruising speed of these aircraft can reach more than 400 kilometers per hour, which is completely high compared with the speed of less than 300 kilometers per hour of the American attack aircraft group. Moreover, the maximum speed of the twin-engine carrier-based aircraft can reach about 500 kilometers per hour, which has exceeded the maximum speed of the F4F that the US Navy is about to enter service. In other words, F4F only has one chance to intercept head-on at most, and if this opportunity is lost, then it will never be able to make up for it!

However, there are still some problems with this seemingly perfect combat system, that is, the Germans stubbornly insisted on a maximum bomb load of 500KG for a single engine in order to increase the speed of the attack aircraft group. That is, only twin-engine aircraft can carry torpedoes. And only large fleet aircraft carriers can carry twin-engine aircraft. Moreover, even for large fleet aircraft carriers, it is not easy for one aircraft carrier to accommodate 20 twin-engine aircraft, and as a result, only one-fifth of the aircraft carriers of the German main fleet with a capacity of nearly 100 aircraft have torpedo aircraft. In addition, there were 30 dive bombers, the remaining 50 were all fighters, and if the fleet was mixed with other medium aircraft carriers and aviation cruisers, the proportion of torpedo aircraft would be even lower. And the most effective way to sink a battleship is to release torpedoes, and sometimes a bunch of bombs can't solve the problem, and 2 torpedoes may be over. And such a not very appropriate way to carry allows the Germans to penetrate the opponent's defense line lightly, but at the same time can only choose a limited number of targets for lightning strikes, so in the future battlefield there has been a situation where the Germans used bombs to severely damage the opponent's 9 capital ships, but only 3 were sunk in the end. In other words, it's easier to win than to die!

Later, in order to solve this problem, the Germans adopted the method of loading some medium-sized aircraft carriers with some single-shot slow torpedo machines, waiting until the first wave had inflicted heavy damage on the opponent, and then using slow torpedo machines to replenish the knives in the second wave.

Even so, in the early stages of the war, German naval aviation relied on high-speed aircraft formations to steadily hold down the British and American navies in a situation of equal strength. Of course, at this time, I will not mention it for the time being.

Thanks to the book friend zhouyu1976 for the tip~~~. As well as the monthly pass support of book friend Chenxi~~~. (To be continued......)