"To be honest, from the beginning of the war to the present, I am not satisfied with the performance of the Air Force, if it weren't for the big difference in the national strength of the two sides, we might have lost the war." Looking at the blue sea, Kesselring said to Raeder beside him.

"Although there are reasons to play away, our fighters are not as good as our opponents, especially in terms of speed and climb. There is already a gap between our aero engines and the British, and if we want to maneuver both horizontally and vertically, then in the end we will not be able to do anything. How so? This is a bit similar to the comprehensive protection and key protection mentioned by the navy, the former is a large protection area, but it cannot be prevented, while the latter although it sacrifices part of the performance, but it maintains the core cabin defense. Kesselring finished and looked at Raeder.

"There's also productivity and maintenance. What we need is as simple and convenient as possible to produce an aircraft rather than an advanced aircraft on paper, but with low uptime and difficult to produce. Our national strength is inferior to that of the other side, and the most important issue is how to use as few resources as possible to transform them into the strongest combat strength. I once saw a fighter from Messerschmitt at a new aircraft auction in the Air Force, it was very small, but the structure was simple, and the speed and climb were good. Raeder thought for a moment and said.

"You mean BF109? He is really good, although the horizontal maneuverability is a little worse, but the vertical maneuverability is very good, and the speed is very fast, and there is another problem that the range is relatively short, and there may be some gaps with our requirements. Of course, if you change to a better engine, this problem may be solved to a certain extent. It's good to be a front-line fighter. Kesselring said.

After some discussion between the two, the two sides reached a consensus on the following points, first of all. The main fighter of the Air Force must be a moderate range, which can fly more than 900 km with a 300-liter drop fuel tank. This range has been accurately calculated, as a simple air force front-line aircraft, such a requirement is obviously sufficient, and as a navy aircraft, Raeder and some technicians after discussion, believe that the half of the sea combat will generally not exceed 350KM or more. Because attack aircraft groups need reconnaissance aircraft to guide, as the distance increases, the guidance efficiency decreases. After all, the blue surface of the sea is not like the ground where the position of the two sides can be judged according to the terrain, and the battleship is moving, although the movement speed is relatively slow. More importantly, if you want to have several aircraft carriers flying at the same time to a certain target, if you want to fight in a large group. This kind of bootstrapping will be more cumbersome. It is also necessary to guard against the tactics of fighting and fueling. Attacking 100 planes in one wave, and attacking 100 planes in four waves is not the same concept! Moreover, flying too long on the sea surface is easy to cause fatigue of personnel. Directly lead to a decline in combat effectiveness.

Secondly, this is the result of the balance of aircraft performance, first of all, if an aircraft wants to climb fast, then the power-to-weight ratio is a very important parameter, although the liquid-cooled engine has little frontal wind resistance, but the power is lower than that of the air-cooled engine. If you want to climb fast, you have to lose weight. How to lose weight? In addition to the necessary weight of the fuselage, you can only use weapons and fuel to open the knife. BUT LOOKING AT A 20MM CANNON AND TWO 13MM MACHINE GUNS FOR FIGHTERS IN THE FUTURE, THE GERMAN DESIGNERS REALLY COULDN'T BEAR TO PICK UP A PENCIL TO CUT WEAPONS AGAIN. So only from the fuel load to the knife, for now. The fuel volume of the new aircraft theoretically does not exceed 600L. If that's not enough, consider flying with a drop tank.

In fact, 600L of fuel is also a lot. A Japanese designer at the headquarters of the Luftwaffe once patted his chest and said that if I give me 600L of fuel, I can also make a fighter fly more than 1,500 kilometers, which shocked the Germans, and they really wanted to see what kind of things this Japanese could build on the ground. As a result, I was almost shocked when I saw it! The weight is quite light indeed. And the wing load is also small. That is, horizontal maneuvering would be very good. And the range can really meet the requirements of what he said. But when it comes to pros, that's it! And after seeing this aircraft, the German designers believe that more than ninety percent of pilots will refuse to use this aircraft!

There are no self-enclosed mailboxes, and members have almost no defensive armor. The structural strength is somewhat worse. Although horizontal maneuvering is good, for example, the turning radius is relatively small, and the hovering is also good. The climb can also be described as improvised. But the speed is just too sad. And the payload of this aircraft is small! NOT EVEN A 250KG BOMB CAN BE LOADED, THAT IS, THIS IS A PURE FIGHTER WITH ALMOST NO WEIGHT FOR OTHER FUNCTIONS. If you have to bring bombs, make do with two 60KG bombs to blow up the infantry. (Interested readers can look up the performance gap between the 1941 egg and the BF109F2 and FW190A4 of the same period, and the speed difference is simply unbearable!) Of course, the author admits that a big reason for this is because the eggs are too sad for the engine, but the oversized wings do affect the speed. Although this aircraft can have a large range with a 500L fuel tank, it lacks a very slow cruise speed.

In addition to fighters, the German Navy also put forward new requirements for attack aircraft, and they hoped to develop a multi-role attack aircraft that could be used as both a dive bomber and a torpedo aircraft. Because in actual operation, they found that after the simple torpedo machine used up the two or so torpedoes prepared on the aircraft carrier, the rest could only be used as horizontal bombers, and the accuracy of horizontal bombing was generally not as good as dive bombing, and the huge bomb load of the torpedo plane was wasted in vain. This resulted in a severe loss of the combat effectiveness of the aircraft carrier, and also reduced the flexibility of tactics. If a general-purpose aircraft can be built, then all these problems can be solved. Moreover, the navy also put forward the load requirements for the new generation of attack aircraft, that is, it must be able to carry 500KG bombs for large-angle dive bombing, and it can carry a torpedo for attack. At the same time, the cruising speed should be as fast as possible in order to keep up with the speed of the new fighters.

In order to be as fast as possible, the wingspan of the original bomber had to be controlled, and the landing gear had to be able to fit into the fuselage. At the same time, it is necessary to lose as much weight as possible. At the same time, it is also necessary to control the frontal wind resistance of the aircraft. If nothing else, the historical JU87 will enter the combat sequence of the Luftwaffe Navy and Air Force, but this war ultimately affected the progress of this aircraft's service. Because this guy flies too slowly! The speed difference between the two and the escort aircraft makes it difficult for the two to form a formation. In addition to the Air Force's statement that it can be used as a battlefield support aircraft because of its strong bomb load, the Navy strongly demands that it design a dual-purpose attack aircraft.

(Historically, the JU87 engine was really good, and the JUMO211 engine used in the JU87D had 1400 to 1500 horsepower.) And it's also liquid-cooled. But the frontal wind resistance is too great, look at the big chin under the JU87 engine, there are two landing gears that can't be retracted, and a huge wingspan. By the way, there is also the weight of the JU87D. The author has never understood why the JU87D is so much heavier than the JU87B! The torpedo machine with no load and a book has a full load weight. Except for the load NB and attack power NB, there are no advantages - ! ）

From the design requirements of the above two aircraft, it is not difficult to see that the Germans pursued the performance advantage of the aircraft, and appropriately reduced the range for this performance advantage. And it is intended to rely on sophisticated aircraft to directly pierce the opponent's air defense network. Rather than relying on numbers to saturate the opponent's defenses and then attack, because the German navy believed that it would be difficult for them to achieve numerical superiority in future wars. This is caused by the disparity in national strength, and there is no way to change it. Just like in the First World War, the Allies were at a disadvantage based solely on national strength.

By the way, in addition to these two aircraft, there is another aircraft that makes the German Navy very interested, and this aircraft is the twin-engine light fast bomber. Although they are both two engines, twin-engine aircraft also have sizes, for example, small twin-engine aircraft can only carry one torpedo, but relying on the lighter weight can obtain better flight performance. Larger twin-engine bombers, on the other hand, can carry two or more torpedoes, but their flight performance is very average. At one time, the top brass of the Luftwaffe was inclined to the latter aircraft, after all, they believed that their fighters could be absolutely trusted. However, after actual combat testing, they found that the fast bomber with the ability to penetrate the defense at high speed is an indispensable sword to cut through the opponent's defense. So the Germans also planned to build a fast bomber of this kind and equip the navy and air force at the same time.

"Our engines are also relatively backward, and the British are said to have a higher power-to-weight ratio and are equipped with a supercharged device to improve flight performance. We are still lagging behind in this area. And in addition to liquid-cooled engines, the development of air-cooled engines must also be strengthened, after all, air-cooled engines have stronger damage resistance and greater power. Raeder finally added this sentence to the text.

Historically, the Germans were indeed a bit more skilled in liquid-cooled engines than air-cooled engines. Moreover, there are many liquid cooled German fighters, such as the DB601 and DB605 series of BF109, the JUMO211 series used by JU87 and other bombers, and the JUMO213 series used by FW190D and TA152, as well as another high-power liquid-cooled engine DB603 series and so on. The only air-cooled engine used more is the BMW 801 series.

And this time, the reason why the Germans asked to speed up the development of air-cooled engines is because fighters equipped with liquid-cooled engines in many battles have poor damage resistance, and as long as the engine is hit, the plane will definitely not come back! If it's on land, then you can save it, but what if you fall into the sea? So in order to keep the expensive pilots, the German Navy felt that some air-cooled engines were needed to improve the survival rate of the pilots.

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