Eighteen knots and eight thousand nautical miles were not an easy task to do in those days. Even the British Royal Navy did not have ships of the same type. So why do the Russians insist on such a large endurance?

In fact, not all Maozi have such requirements, except for Li Xiaofeng, most Maozi like the kind of large torpedo boats with super-fast speed. Even at one time, the Red Navy's pursuit of speed was a bit crazy, and the speed requirement was 378 knots, or even 40 knots, which caused great trouble to the design of ships.

After all, if you want to be fast, you have to make concessions in other aspects of the ship's performance, and Mao Zi likes to pile up weapons, and in the end, the ship is either overweight or pays a heavy price in terms of comprehensive performance. Such as habitability, such as comfort.

As a person who has come over, Li Xiaofeng knows very well that speed has not been the most important performance indicator of ships since World War II, and with the development of technology, the speed requirement is getting lower and lower. In order to pursue speed, giving up comprehensive character ability is brain-dead.

Therefore, for the so-called large ocean-going patrol ships, Li Xiaofeng first stuck the speed requirements and did not require them to undertake lightning strike tasks, even if they were later equipped with torpedo tubes for both Type A and Type B, but they were completely out of step with the powerful lightning strike capabilities required by the Red Navy at the beginning.

Instead, it sacrifices speed for long endurance, especially to optimize living and living conditions. Compared with the old destroyers of the Red Navy, the large ocean-going patrol ships, which were later called Type 36 frigates, introduced quite a number of humanized facilities, such as dryers, such as cold storage, and optimized living conditions. Even if there are no supplies. The ship is also capable of a month's worth of missions at sea!

Why does Li Xiaofeng emphasize large endurance? It's not that the long coastline of the Soviet Union has been troubled. Especially in the Pacific direction. The Pacific Fleet is inherently weak, and the coastline is extremely long, which urgently requires a large endurance. Moreover, the Soviet Union's several major fleets were almost completely separated, and there was a lack of overseas bases, so it was necessary to have a large endurance to protect its maritime rights and interests.

So how is this large endurance guaranteed? Why didn't Britain and France, which also had extensive maritime interests, build ships with similar technical performance?

There is only one reason, if the configuration of the mature high-pressure oil-fired boiler and steam turbine at that time is adopted, even if the Americans use telecommunications, such a large endurance cannot be guaranteed. The fundamental reason for the large endurance of the Type 36 frigate is the diesel engine!

After the end of World War I. At the strong request of Li Xiaofeng, the Soviet government introduced a full set of diesel engine technology from Germany, and made large-scale investment in peacetime, and finally basically completed the 18-cylinder high-speed diesel engine with a maximum power of 5,000 horsepower in 1933. Its code name is 18V5000.

The Type 36A, with a normal displacement of 800 tons, is equipped with two 3,500 hp simple models (14V3500). The 36B type is equipped with an authentic 18V5000 because of its larger displacement.

With the help of diesel engines, the endurance of the Type 36 frigate was greatly improved, and according to the comparative study at that time, if the Type 36 frigate was equipped with an optional steam turbine, its endurance would fall to the level of 18 knots and 5,000 nautical miles.

Of course, the benefits of choosing a diesel engine are not only better fuel economy and greater range. What's more, the high-temperature and high-pressure boiler technology in the USSR at that time was not up to par. The advanced boiler imported from Babcock & Wilcox is still in the process of technical research and cannot be mass-produced. In addition, the steam turbines imported from GE during the same period also faced the problems of high technical requirements and limited production capacity. These advanced turbines could only support the production of Type 33 destroyers and Type 35 heavy cruisers.

In order to reduce the cost, the Type 36 frigate not only reduced the technical indicators, but also castrated the corresponding fire control and communications, and some of the structural materials were made of civilian standards, and even a considerable part of the weapons equipped with them were stocks in the Tsarist period.

For example, the Type 36A 76mm high-level dual-purpose gun was actually only equipped with models produced after 1938, and the previous ones were all used to make do with the 1911 Type 102mm gun in stock. Not only did the 36A choose to make do, but the 36B also made do, and the 130mm naval gun it was equipped with was also an old item from the Tsarist period (Pattern 1913).

Not only the artillery, but also the torpedo equipment was removed from the old ship. Anyway, in addition to the performance of the Type 36 frigate in terms of endurance, the other parts, especially the armament of the early type, are really good.

Of course, this kind of general is reasonable, because as a patrol ship, the Type 36 frigate really does not need too strong armament, and it is enough to deal with ordinary low-intensity naval conflicts. Of course, the highlight of the Type 36 frigate is not only the endurance, such as the Type 36B, the reason why her displacement is so much larger than that of the Type 36A is that her mission is not only ocean patrol, but also anti-submarine mission.

The Type 36B is equipped with a full set of anti-submarine equipment, including hull sonar and anti-submarine depth bombs. Its sonar equipment was Nokia's flagship product, which was considered advanced at that time. As for the anti-submarine depth bomb, not only did it have a depth charge launch track at the stern, but it was also equipped with two 12-tube anti-submarine rocket launchers in the bow direction, and the anti-submarine capability was very powerful in those days.

Moreover, because the Type 36 frigate uses a diesel engine, its rapid sortie ability is much faster than that of a ship using a steam turbine, and it can be dispatched in only ten minutes. And a ship with a steam turbine needs an hour to go from burning the boiler to supplying enough steam!

Of course, there are a lot of diesel engines, but for anti-submarine ships, the noise generated by the diesel engine itself has a certain interference with the sonar equipment, especially in the high-speed operation of the diesel engine.

Judging by the actual use of Type 36B, once the speed exceeds 20 knots, the sonar equipment is basically unusable. In order to improve this problem, the 36C and 36D models developed later installed a shock-absorbing base for the diesel engine and optimized the performance of the diesel engine. This ensures the normal use of sonar equipment at high speeds.

From 1934. Type 36 frigates began to be built in batches in the four fleets of the Red Navy. The Leningrad Red Banner Shipyard on the Baltic Sea received orders for two 36A and two 36Bs that year, and the Nikolaev shipyard on the Black Sea had even more orders, as well as orders for four 36A and four 36Bs (the Black Sea Fleet was aging and in urgent need of renewal), and even the newly built Amur Shipyard in Komsomolsk in the Far East also launched two 36A.

And this was only for the 1934 order, and in 1935 more Type 36 frigates were ordered, and even in 1936. When the first batch of 36A was completed and put into service, because the response of the troops was very good, the Type 36 frigates began to dumplings for a long time.

Before the outbreak of World War II, 64 Type 36A were produced, ensuring that all four fleets had sufficient base defense and patrol forces. And because of the impact of the Spanish Civil War, for the urgent need for ocean-going escort and patrol missions, the 36B, which has a larger displacement and better habitability, also produced 20 pieces. If it were not for the sudden outbreak of World War II, the equipment priority of the guided zhì army would have been raised, and the order for Type 36 frigates would have been cut in half. Otherwise, the entire 36 series produces more than two hundred, which is like playing.

As a matter of fact. Immediately after the Politburo's decision to intervene in the Spanish Civil War in its entirety, Type 36 frigates came in handy. Two 36A and two 36B, which had just entered service with the Baltic Fleet and the Northern Fleet, arrived in Bilbao with four freighters, escorting four freighters, and immediately carried out patrols and escort operations off the coast of Santander and Bilbao.

At the same time, four 36A and four 36B ships of the Black Sea Fleet were also fully dispatched, and with the cooperation of some of the main cruisers, they continuously escorted the Soviet freighters to Malaga.

It was precisely because of the Type 36 frigates that the Red Navy, lacking overseas bases, was able to maintain its maritime power in Spanish waters. And the Type 36 frigate is also precisely because of its excellent appearance, and even aroused the interest of the US Navy and the Royal Navy. After the outbreak of World War II, the British, who were once again overwhelmed by Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare, submitted a naval order to Russia for the first time, purchasing a large number of improved 36B frigates, while the Americans simply chose copycats, replacing Soviet goods with American products and mass production.

Even after the end of World War II, at the height of the Cold War, the Type 36 frigates were given a large amount of support to the Warsaw Pact countries, and the entire Type 36 frigate family flourished.

Of course, these are later words, and for the Soviet Politburo at that time, since it was inevitable to get into the troubled waters of Spain, how to ensure the success of this revolutionary output was the key issue. To be honest, it was not easy to succeed, because the USSR was not strong enough, and Spain was too far from the Soviet Union.

For example, Trotsky lamented at a special meeting of the Politburo: "Comrade Andrei should be commended for his foresight, for in the twenties and thirties, when the vast majority of our comrades here were opposed to the maintenance of a large fleet, it was Comrade Andrei who fought on the basis of reason, and it was he who managed to solve the problem of funding." Today, it seems, this is all too true. Without a decent fleet, I am afraid that in this Spanish incident we will be relegated to the corner by Britain, France, Germany and Italy......"

Trotsky is also quite interesting, you say he has a small belly, but sometimes he can be so atmospheric. But you say he's really atmospheric, sometimes he has to do something brainless for some reason.

For example, in the previous paragraph, the "Memoirs of the October Revolution" written by this product was officially submitted to the Politburo for examination and approval, and began to be published in large quantities. Generally speaking, it is not a matter of writing memoirs at all, and one of the major economic income of the retired presidents of later generations of American imperialism is to write memoirs.

But Trotsky's memoirs are a bit special, first of all, people only write memoirs after retirement. But Trotsky, on the other hand, had only just come to power, and had begun to write his memoirs less than a year after he had been in power. To put it mildly, it is more appropriate to write a memoir at this time for Lenin to recuperate in Sochi on the shores of the Black Sea, and not to him in the Kremlin.

Of course, Trotsky didn't write anything, it was just that it would become more boring after retirement. But the worst thing is that Trotsky should never have written about the period of the October Revolution in the first place, because he had not read the historical records, and did not know how much Tai Shi Gong had paid a terrible price for writing contemporary history. It was probably because Trotsky felt that he was the number one, and that it was impossible for anyone to knife his little Tintin, so he did whatever he wanted.

All right. Who makes the family the number one? It's a matter of course to be headstrong. What can make the old revolutionaries of the October Revolution who are still alive stunned. Trotsky was not an ordinary wayward. It's not like people who remember the October Revolution. Whatever the greatness and importance of just mentioning is something glorious and righteous anyway, and it is only good to say.

Trotsky, on the other hand, was in fact a "cautionary tale" in that he wanted to point directly at the problems of the October Revolution, and above all criticized them sharply, not praise. He figured out Guò's criticism of the bureaucratic atmosphere of the Soviet Union, which was becoming more and more strict, and sounded the alarm bell for the old revolutionaries who were already a little fluttering.

So in Trotsky's memoirs, all sorts of problems in the October Revolution were exposed. And those who made mistakes were also whipped bloodily by him!

My dear, think what a horrible thing this is! Because the old revolutionaries are still largely on the stage today, Trotsky slapped them in the face regardless of it, especially those who did not look particularly good or were completely negative in the October Revolution, and they were simply stripped of their skin by Trotsky!

The worst of them were Kamenev and Zinoviev, who really tore Trotsky's heart apart.

It can be seen from this that Trotsky was really a little master of death. Think about it, what is the situation of this product now? Under the pressure of Stalin and Small, the most important thing Trotsky should do was to unite the forces that could be united, and the most important thing was to win over the stones and the big pie.

But he's fine. directly peeled off the skin of those two, so that they couldn't raise their heads in the whole party. Doesn't that push them out? Sometimes you have to sigh that Trotsky was obviously a smart man, but sometimes how can he do stupid things?

Li Xiaofeng only pouted at Trotsky's death, because he had known for a long time that Trotsky wanted to do it. At the time of Lenin's retirement, when there was a great debate on the abolition of the NEP in the twenties, in fact, Trotsky's "Memoirs of the October Revolution" was written at that time, and Tollsky was ready to publish it. However, after the first draft was given to Lenin to read, the tutor only approved one line: "Look ahead!" ”

In other words, Lenin rejected Trotsky's request and told him not to publish it, so why did Lenin do it? Because he knew very well that Trotsky had written this memoir with a wide range of intentions: half of it was written from the sincerity of the comrades in the party in the hope that the comrades in the party would learn from the experience and lessons of the October Revolution, and the other half was motivated by the selfishness of the old To, who wanted to strike at a group of political opponents who did not deal with him, such as Zinoviev and Stalin, and expose their mistakes in the October Revolution. By the way, to advertise himself, to raise the prestige - see no, my Trotsky's expression in the October Revolution is perfect, on a par with Lenin, you big guys have to look up to me!

It can only be said that Trotsky was a little too proud and naïve, and it is not impossible to make a prestige by merit, and even everyone who is in politics must be able to build a momentum for himself - only a crying child can have milk!

But self-propaganda also requires skill, and Trotsky's boastful approach is the stupidest and most stupid. Even if you Trotsky were indeed perfect or even great in the October Revolution, then don't brag about it. In particular, this boasting method of grabbing other people's pigtails and using others as stepping stones is the most undesirable, which is really to pull hatred for yourself rather than prestige.

That is, Lenin was quite kind, and if he wanted to kill Trotsky at that time, he directly waved his memoirs with a big stroke of the pen, and then distributed them to the whole party, then Trotsky would have completely cut himself off from the "people".

Li Xiaofeng was very sorry at that time, because he knew very well how Trotsky brought about his own demise in history, and at that time, when Lenin had just died and his bones were still cold, Trotsky made such a "Memoirs of the October Revolution", which scolded Kamenev and Zinoviev, and ridiculed Stalin's right-leaning expression after the victory of the February Revolution. Anyway, looking at his memoirs, Lenin is the same thing, Kamenev and Zinoviev are pig teammates, and Stalin is an undetermined political opportunist. Only he, Trotsky, was a perfect man.

In retrospect, in the last two years of Lenin's life, Trotsky was at a disadvantage in the Politburo, that is, Lenin, who was still holding his breath, tried to maintain the balance in the party and kept Lao To's misery from being too miserable. And Lenin has just come out of the funeral, you kid is doing this, what do you mean by this?

In any case, Trotsky offended Kamenev and Zinoviev by doing this, and set the flag for his own destruction. Sure enough, within two years, Lao Tuo rolled up and got out.

Li Xiaofeng always thought that at this time and space, Trotsky, who had been educated by Lenin, should learn his lesson and would no longer die on the issue of memoirs of the October Revolution. But now he found out that he had overlooked Lao Tuo's political wisdom, and this product always had a heart to die.

So now when he is praised by Lao Tuo in person, Li Xiaofeng feels strange, and he can't see through what kind of person Trotsky really is.

Fortunately, Trotsky's praise of a certain immortal was focused on the beginning of what he was going to say later, and after two sentences, he got to the point: "Although our navy is good, we have nothing to be proud of." Our navy is not strong enough compared to our enemies to be able to confront imperialism head-on. Therefore, in the future, how can we guarantee support for the government of the Second Spanish Republic and at the same time minimize the possibility of friction with imperialism is a very important question! (To be continued......)

PS: Bow and thank you to comrades Tengchong, hzwangdd and Juventus!