Chapter 1454: For Gold and Silver
"Yes, with the new coinage, the bank's affairs will be much easier," the emperor looked at Chen Hong approvingly, "As long as the bank is built and the finances and taxes of all places are unified, the world will be much easier to govern, Chen Hong, you have to work harder!" ”
He also personally decided on the issuance of gold and silver coins, which should be called the "gold and silver double standard monetary system", according to the era he had traveled to before, under which the imperial government could use both gold and silver as currency for production and circulation, and both gold and silver coins had the function of circulation and trading, were freely convertible, and were minted, circulated, exported and imported by the national bank.
Such a monetary system can not only nationalize the power to mint coins and promote economic development, but also make up for the problem that domestic gold production cannot meet market demand.
The bank is a national financial institution that the emperor and his ministers decided to establish after many discussions, and is responsible for overseeing the minting and circulation of coins throughout the country.
After the establishment of the world, the emperor's own business seems to be a bit unworthy and unnecessary, so after many discussions with important ministers, it has operated a variety of industries, and the Yunshan line, which has warehouses all over the country, has finally completed its historical mission. Most of the industrial and land assets were subsumed into the government, providing a large amount of revenue for the government and maintaining the government's finances, while its money bank was separated and placed under the Ministry of Finance, which became the basic institution of the future national bank - because he felt that it was vulgar to continue to call the money bank, the emperor himself chose the term "bank" to refer to this newly established institution.
Since then, the emperor has only held a large number of shares in the National Bank and is no longer involved in the operation of any enterprise.
In addition, under the emperor's instructions, nobles such as the Marquis of Yongguo, Cai Guoping, and even low-ranking nobles who were made barons and viscounts for their military exploits and other merits, would also have a certain amount of equity in the National Bank, from which they could receive fixed income.
This was done to satisfy their need for money, and to further bring the noble group into the control of the royal family. The emperor knows that since ancient times, it is impossible for people to follow them for a lifetime by relying only on words, and everyone has the heart of profit, and after gaining power, they want to get the due reward. This idea is difficult to block blindly by blocking, even if his generation can forcibly suppress it, it can only be killed in the future, and Qianming is such a lesson.
So in order to change this situation, he had to find a way to put their pursuit of profit outside of corruption, and for this reason he encouraged the expansion of territory, the establishment of meritorious deeds, and the fact that they could receive a fixed annual interest rate in the national bank, so as to calm their fame a little. At the same time, he also encouraged industry and commerce so that they could invest their income in industries with relatively high returns.
It is precisely because of his various measures that the prime minister and the finance minister are so concerned about the affairs of the National Bank, after all, they are also closely related to the interests of this institution.
"The minister must be exhausted and will not return to the emperor's expectations." Under the expectant gaze of the emperor, Chen Hong lowered his head. "However, although the preparation of the bank is still going well, as the emperor said before, everything cannot be done overnight, and there are some ...... problems we are facing."
"Oh? Come on, everyone is here today. The emperor didn't think he was upset by his answer, and still smiled.
Since ancient times, officials have always talked about achievements first and then problems when they report, and of course he is used to it.
"In fact, it is also an old problem, although the imperial court has a big business, but because there are many things that cost a lot of money, it still can't make ends meet year after year, and the accumulated national debts are more and more, although you can still borrow money, but the interest paid every year is not a small amount." Because he was a little nervous, Pingyuan Hou's expression became serious, and even his sitting posture was much more upright, "Especially...... Recently, the army has been used for many years, so the financial gap is still very large, although the prime minister has been expanding overseas trade, but the tax collected is still a little insufficient, so the minister thinks that it is better not to use swords and soldiers recently, and first reduce the national debt a little before talking about it......"
The emperor's smile became even stronger.
In fact, the accumulation of national debts is the result of his deliberate efforts, although Chen Hong is a smart person, but also a veteran of financial management, but after all, he is still a person of this era, has the limitations of his time, he regards the country's financial planning as a bit like private finance, only thinking about the balance of payments, for fear that borrowing will drag down the country.
However, as a traverser, although he is not a professional in finance and economics, he knows some common sense of the country's economy, and he knows that for a country, borrowing is not a bad thing, but through national debt, he can form a huge financial system, and at the same time turn these creditors into supporters of the state (as long as they hold national debt, no one wants the government that issued bonds to fall), and at the same time absorb the rich funds stored by the people and invest them in social investment - as we all know, for the national economy, Money only makes sense if it is in circulation.
Of course, he knew that over-indebtedness was not good for a country, and would cause the country's finances to collapse, but a country needed a stable and moderately sized national debt, which was one of the foundations of modern finance, and it was also one of the important steps that he took to modernize this ancient country and nation.
He does not need to say these things to the finance minister and other people, he only needs to guide them secretly, and after a long time, in the course of many years of practical operation, these financial and financial leaders will naturally have modern thinking and establish a correct financial concept -- what the developed countries of Europe have done in modern times, there is no reason why their ministers cannot do it.
At the same time, he deliberately asked the new dynasty not to mint copper coins, which he also deliberately did.
In this era, in addition to annexing land, landlords and old fortunes everywhere liked to hide money like to hide. They generally had a lot of copper coins and bronze utensils, and had great wealth, but the announcement of the dynasty to use only gold and silver coins was tantamount to plundering the wealth from them in disguise, forcing them to use the money of the new dynasty again, so that soon the country's financial system would fall into the hands of the Dahan Bank, that is, the central bank, so that the country's finances would accelerate into a centralized and modern system. In the early years of Wanli, the former Ming Dynasty began to implement a whip law, allowing the taxes and silver to be handed over in various places, and to be honest, it also laid a good foundation for them to implement this policy, which allowed them to get twice the result with half the effort.
And, to be honest, copper is too wasteful to use for money, and nowadays, a lot of copper is needed to build cannons and warships, and it can't be used for this purpose.
At that time, the Dahan Bank, controlled by the emperor and the noble clique he supported, will also become the central bank of the country, the only financial institution that enjoys the function of coinage, and the apex of a country's financial system.
However, in order not to have too much influence and let the people of the world have a process of slowly adapting, the new dynasty does not intend to announce the immediate abolition of the monetary role of copper coins, but will no longer take the initiative to mint a large number of new copper coins, so that a small supply of copper coins and copper coins in circulation in the old era will circulate in the market as a very small amount of auxiliary coins, and then withdraw from the market in an orderly manner in the future, and finally realize a complete gold and silver double standard.
In the emperor's ideals, it is best to slowly transition to the later stage of credit currency (that is, to abandon precious metal currency and issue paper money) with the improvement of the country's financial system, which can greatly expand the country's credit, but it is too late to talk about this in this social era, it is already a problem that his children and grandchildren need to be busy, and he does not need to worry too much about it now.
"I understand the question you said, the state really can't spend money lavishly, it must be moderate, and the world must afford it, and I will listen to this." The emperor first nodded his head of encouragement, and then changed his words, "However, illness comes like a mountain, illness goes like a thread, we can't stop important things because we are short of money, this is putting the cart before the horse, let's stabilize the situation first, the world is peaceful, and the court will collect more taxes, and it will be much easier to pay off the debts slowly when the time comes?" ”
"I understand." Chen Hong hurriedly responded.
"Any other questions?" The emperor asked again.
"One more thing, it's the issue of coinage." Chen Hong settled down and continued, "The emperor has high expectations for coinage, and he wants to make new coins circulate in the world within a few years, but ...... Although the imperial court has collected a lot of gold and silver in recent years, it always feels that there is still a little less, so we need to consider how to solve the problem......"
"I'm calling you here today to solve this problem." The emperor replied immediately.
The chamber fell silent again.
In addition to Chen Hong, Prime Minister Wang Zhaojing is also very curious about this, to be honest, he is more curious about today's affairs, because he and Chen Hong are cabinet members, and it stands to reason that they can't ask more about the army, he doesn't understand why the emperor specially summoned them and Shi Manqiang today, so he and Chen Hong were also secretly speculating about the emperor's intentions just now.
Under the gaze of the three important ministers, the emperor unhurriedly picked up the teacup on the table, drank a few sips of weak tea, and then he glanced at several important ministers with a smile.
"I've heard that Japan is rich in gold, silver and copper, and if we send troops to Japan next year, as long as we can get gold and silver from them, won't we be able to solve the problem?"
Attack Japan!?
The important ministers finally understood what the emperor meant by calling them over today, so they did not speak for a while, but looked at each other.
"Launching an expedition to seize Japan's gold and silver?" The prime minister was slightly stunned, but he was not very shocked, but quickly regained his composure.