From 1945 onwards, Li Xiaofeng secretly supported national independence and liberation movements in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 Info did it quite stealthily and skillfully, a large number of World War II surplus weapons were imported into these areas, and even Li Xiaofeng hired World War II veterans in the United States as military advisers in the name of a shell company to train the national insurgents in the three North African countries.

The work was carried out so successfully that the Fourth Republic did not even notice the Soviet Union's activities in the region, and at best they only caught a few American veterans of World War II, who had entered the country legally from the United States, leaving the French with no choice but to verbally protest to the United States.

It's just that the Americans don't pay much attention to it, on the one hand, the French protests are too weak, and sometimes they don't even count as lip service. The second is that these veterans who went to North Africa are all mercenary companies operating in their own countries under a legal name to go to North Africa, which is legally beyond reproach. And Anna, the old lover of a certain immortal in charge of this matter, did it very skillfully, there are at least a few congressmen standing behind these mercenary companies, and the congressmen who have received large political donations naturally want to help the company solve problems.

All in all, the French had a lot of headaches and didn't have a good solution, so much so that by 1950, Anna's mercenary company simply did not export military advisers, but directly exported veterans with rich combat experience. Most of these veterans are experienced veterans who have fought in North Africa or France in World War II, and their combat effectiveness is not much better than that of the rabble insurgents.

Anyway, the French didn't have any advantage at all, and after more than a year of fighting, although many rebels were killed, the French army also suffered losses, with more than 20,000 casualties. For France, it was a complete shame to have suffered more than 10,000 casualties in the colonies, and the country suddenly opened up again, and after a lot of noise in the National Assembly, the cabinet collapsed again, and the problem was "solved" in the most common way of the Fourth Republic.

However, changing the cabinet is to treat the symptoms but not the root cause, the last batch of cabinets have stepped down, but the uprisings in the three North African countries are still continuing, whether it is to fight or peace, the new cabinet does not give a letter of approval, how to talk for a while and continue to fight, anyway, there is no accurate number of stops and stops until 1952, during which the casualties of the French army are increasing day by day, military spending is rising, and the dissatisfaction of the people and the army is also increasing day by day.

At this time, the French people had really endured the Fourth Republic to the limit, and the only thing they needed was a man who ascended to the heights. And this man was actually there all along, and de Gaulle stood up!

De Gaulle had a good relationship with the military, after all, the current French army was inextricably linked to him, and the military desperately wanted the former leader of Free France to step up and clean up the situation. So after the new French army suffered heavy losses in Algeria, and at the end of the fall of the "new" cabinet, de Gaulle stepped in to form a cabinet.

After several years of grinding and beating, de Gaulle is more mature than during World War II, at this time he can be said to be a sophisticated politician, the idealistic set has been completely abandoned by him, he is all oriented to reality.

At the beginning of his reign, de Gaulle promised the military that he would increase his commitment to crack down on the separatists in the colonies. This made the military very satisfied, angered by the hesitant colonial policy of the previous cabinet, and readily agreed to de Gaulle's proposal to amend the constitution.

At the same time, de Gaulle continued to address the people, and he violently attacked the form of government of the Fourth Republic, saying that the only way to change the current passive situation was to give the president more power, let the president control everything, and let the president ensure that the cabinet really "served the people" and not did all the bullshit and inaction.

In addition, in order to cater to the people and the military, he strongly stated that he must re-improve France's international status and let France gain real freedom, not a slave of NATO. He even hinted at the possibility of France withdrawing from NATO, saying in a civilian interview: "At the end of World War II, we reached a series of peace agreements with the Soviet Union, turning Germany into a demilitarized zone, and ensuring that the Soviet Union did not see France as an enemy, which was an important political achievement." Regrettably, these gains were quickly undermined by politicians who wanted to curry favor with the United States in exchange for so-called economic aid, who tore up the agreement and threw themselves into the arms of the United States, ignoring possible Soviet retaliation...... What's in it for you? Originally, France could stay out of it, but now hundreds of Soviet nuclear bombs are being aimed at France, and France has become cannon fodder to share the nuclear pressure of the United States!! ”

Don't think that de Gaulle is changing his course and preparing to fall to the Soviet Union, and don't be so naïve as a politician, especially what a politician says to the public, nine times out of ten you can't take it seriously. Those just now were no exception, because soon de Gaulle said in a private meeting with the British and American ambassadors: "France attaches great importance to the development of relations with its traditional allies, such as Britain and the United States, and the continuous and deepening of relations between the two sides is beneficial to both sides." It is impossible for France to fall to the Soviet Union, let alone become an authoritarian poison country like the Soviet Union. France has always been about freedom! France will remain steadfast in the free world. ”

Isn't it contradictory? In fact, there is no contradiction at all, de Gaulle's belief in the concept has always been to preserve the independence and autonomy of France, and this independence and autonomy require France to adopt a special attitude in international affairs, to favor the so-called free world, and to use the mature economic system of the free world to seek the interests of France. But at the same time, relations should be developed with the enemies of the free world, and the Soviet Union should not be too hostile to France, and it is better to put Soviet pressure entirely on Britain and the United States. To put it bluntly, if there is a advantage, take advantage of it, but if there is a loss, you will not eat it. That's how realistic de Gaulle is.

However, de Gaulle's set is really popular, and the French people like a leader who has the pride of France, especially if this leader is also a big hero in World War II, which is even more welcome. Britain and the United States, on the other hand, felt that de Gaulle was just another politician who tried to fool voters left and right, and what he said was not necessarily true, so it was not worth making a fuss, maybe this big hero would become an out-and-out big bear in less than half a year.

De Gaulle, who was on the right and left, came to power, and the first priority he did after coming to power was to amend the constitution. Because de Gaulle knew very well that as long as France was a parliamentary republic, he could do nothing as president. To create his ideal France, he first had to overthrow that hated National Assembly.

Of course, the National Councillors did not like de Gaulle's policies, for the parliamentarians, these years have been very nourishing, they have a salary to get in the parliament and scold the street, and they do not need to bear any responsibility at all, anyway, there is always a cabinet to take the blame when something happens, should such a day be too good? And once de Gaulle achieved the centralization of presidential power, then what security would they have at all? Of course, they had to desperately oppose de Gaulle, calling him the new poisoner.

It's just that the smear of these parliamentarians is only counterproductive, because the people have long been patient with them to the limit, and these bastards have done almost nothing over the years except to shirk responsibility and scold the street, and now there is a person who wants to take responsibility to clean up the situation, and these people still dare to spread rumors and slander? It's just unbearable.

Therefore, after de Gaulle initiated a referendum on amending the constitution, the enthusiasm of the people was quite high, and they enthusiastically voted for de Gaulle's constitutional amendment. Soon a new French constitution was born in line with de Gaulle's wishes, and de Gaulle also came to power from the provisional cabinet of ministers. Turned into a real big president.

The changes in the political situation in France did not attract the attention of Churchill and Eisenhower at first, because the political situation in France has always changed in recent years, and everyone is used to changing and changing, and De Gaulle is also an old friend, although this person is a little difficult to deal with, but he is always his own person.

So Churchill and Eisenhower just "waited and watched" and did not interfere, but they soon regretted it. The reason is simple, the first thing de Gaulle, who had a monopoly on power, did after coming to power was to attack NATO. He harshly criticized the US military presence in France and harshly attacked NATO's collective security strategy. All in all, all sorts of dissatisfaction and unhappiness with NATO.

At first, it was nothing, and Churchill and Eisenhower thought it was a posturing by de Gaulle, just to show the voters, that he was a leader who genuinely defended France's independence and autonomy. This kind of method is too common in the political arena, it is a typical only talk but not action, commonly known as mouth cannon.

But de Gaulle really didn't talk about it this time, he came for real, and he really didn't like American GIs, and this group of big-headed soldiers who "helped" France to resist the evil Soviet Union was a kind of destruction to his national pride! So he really wants to get rid of these Americans.

Soon after, De Gaulle declared that the French were sufficient to maintain the security of France, and he forcefully refused to extend the lease of the American garrison in France, demanding that the Americans must withdraw from France by the end of 1955.

Eventually, Eisenhower became nervous, and he immediately called de Gaulle to ask the new French president to change his mind. But when will the things that de Gaulle decided change? He firmly rejected Eisenhower's demands, and after the call, he again declared: "The NATO Allied Command should be removed from France at once, the French people do not like this command, and the actual role of the command is questionable." ”

De Gaulle, who had just come to power, gave Britain and the United States two tricks in a row, leaving Churchill and Eisenhower dumbfounded, and they did not understand at all what this tall Frenchman wanted to do. Aren't you afraid that the United States will interrupt its economic aid, and you won't be afraid that the Soviet Union will come over?

Hehe, de Gaulle is really not afraid!

First of all, the French economy has come out of the weakest period, and now it is actually an upward period of the French economy, and although it is not particularly satisfactory at the moment, the future development is relatively optimistic. What's more, a very important reason for the shortage of money before was that a lot of military spending was consumed in the colonies, and De Gaulle didn't look at the nominal promise to the hardcore colonists in the military to take care of the colony people, but in fact De Gaulle was only ready to stop, whether it was Morocco, Algeria or Tunisia, it was not fundamental for France, and there was no need to waste too much time, energy and money there.

And there are other advantages to getting rid of American economic aid, which was previously promised by the Americans on the condition that France open its market to the United States. It is equivalent to France exchanging its own domestic market for some life-saving money.

Although the life is saved, American goods have also impacted the French enterprises, which makes the French middle class and the working class angry. If the economic aid agreement is tore up and American goods are driven out of the French market, it will be a good thing for the middle and working classes, which means more jobs and better incomes, which will inevitably bring a lot of votes.

Nothing is more important to politicians than votes, as for offending the United States? De Gaulle had not had a good relationship with the Americans before, and if he was offended, he would be offended, and other politicians were not worried about him at all.

Moreover, because of the economic demarcation with the United States, French goods were allowed to enter the socialist bloc led by the Soviet Union, and France could completely abandon the economic blockade policy of following Britain and the United States, and could march into the vast Central and Eastern European market. Again, that's good!

Secondly, because of the easing of relations with the socialist camp, relations between France and the Soviet Union will certainly not continue to be tense, and it is entirely possible to reduce part of the army, and a lot of money can be saved here. It can be used to invest in military enterprises to help the French military industry, which was tossed and dying by World War II, get out of the predicament.

It is conceivable that there are so many benefits, and if de Gaulle does not do it, he will be a big fool. Therefore, he resolutely took action to drive out the NATO General Command, in fact, this is still the first step, in de Gaulle's view, this NATO is actually a tool used by the United States to control and enslave Europe. France has always pursued independence and self-determination, and within the framework of NATO, France is only a small player, that is, cannon fodder used to consume the Soviet Union. De Gaulle did not believe that when the Soviet Union's nuclear bomb really fell on France's head, the Americans would fight the Soviet Union with all their might, and France would have to rely on itself if it wanted to win real nuclear security.

All in all, de Gaulle was determined to draw a clear line with the United States and NATO, and he will divide it into several steps to achieve this goal, the first step is to get rid of the NATO General Command, the second step is to speed up the research and development of nuclear weapons in his own country, and strive to master the technology of making atomic bombs as soon as possible, and the third step is to withdraw from NATO once France has its own nuclear forces. If France is already able to protect itself, why bother to rely on others? (To be continued.) )

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