Act 512. Light deflection
For a moment, Lord Alberton felt that the world had become unreal.
The theory of mages is based on observation, and human observation is mostly based on sight.
Now, they have found that light will be bent by gravity, which means that the original observation data must take into account the influence of gravity, in a low-speed and tiny world, the gravitational value is very low, and it can be approximated, but in the macroscopic high-speed world, especially when it comes to the laws of movement between planets, the influence of gravity cannot be ignored.
If light really bends due to gravity, then there is a huge error in the current observation data of the planets, and all theorems, including the three laws of Regens, will be overturned and rewritten, and the cornerstone of Lord Alberton's promotion to the legend, the three laws of kinematics, may also be deviated.
Lord Alberton felt shaken and did not dare to think further, for fear that these thoughts would cause cognitive instability and collapse.
Lord Braggs saw Lord Alberton's troubles, and he carefully observed the curved laser, and pondered for a long time before speaking.
"According to Ian Gray's uncertainty principle, we cannot measure the position and momentum of a particle at the same time, which is why we originally thought that light is a massless object and therefore not affected by gravity, but now it seems that this theory is somewhat biased."
He thought for a moment and glanced at Reiner before continuing.
"To be precise, light does not have a mass at rest, but only when it moves, it has momentum."
Reiner bowed slightly.
It's easy to understand.
When the electrons inside the atom transition in different energy levels orbital transitions, the energy of the light released is different, and its energy follows Stein's formula E=hv, if the light has a rest mass, and the light mass of different frequencies is different, then the energy of the moving photon E=1/2mv^2, the speed of the photon will be different due to the difference in mass, but in fact, the speed of light is constant, there is no deviation, so by inverse, the photon does not have a rest mass.
This is also consistent with the inference of Reiner's mass-energy conversion equation, mass is a manifestation of energy, to be precise, it is a measure of the inertia of an object, therefore, photons can be regarded as particles that are not constrained by inertia, in fact, light only has energy, but does not have rest mass.
It is precisely because of this that light is deflected by gravity.
"It's just ......"
His Excellency Braggs changed his words and began the calculation process, and countless rays of light circulated in the control room, turning into equations.
Soon, the calculation was over, but the expression of Lord Braggs did not become relaxed, but more solemn.
"According to the calculation results, if we apply the three laws of kinematics and the gravitational formula, then the calculated deflection angle is this value."
With a wave of his hand, a streamlined calculation was presented.
"But in reality, the observed deflection angle is this value."
The value of the deflection angle of the ray, which has been carefully calculated, is also present in the hands of Lord Braggs, and it can be seen that the actual measurement is almost double the value calculated by the gravitational formula, which can no longer be explained by error.
"There seem to be some twists and turns in this that we don't know about."
Lord Braggs closed his eyes as if thinking.
At this moment, at the bottom of the silent cavern, the Abyss Diver was on the outer side of the Nether Gate, and although there was no threat from the invisible monster, there was something that terrified the mages even more.
"Actually."
After a long time, Reiner cleared his throat and spoke, causing the rest of the group to look at him.
Reiner proposed the theory of relativity, which solved many problems related to the speed of light, but now it seems that this theory is not perfect.
In fact, after the theory of relativity was proposed, many observations were consistent with Reiner's predictions, but some did not conform to the predictions, but the deviations were relatively small, and many mages gave explanations for errors in the means of observation.
Now it seems that this may have something to do with the deflection of light rays under the influence of the gravitational field.
"After I came up with the theory of relativity, there was always a question about how gravity actually propagated."
When Reiner's words first spoke, the mages were still a little confused, but soon, realizing the problem in Reiner's words, everyone showed surprised expressions.
"Yes, if the speed of light is constant and cannot be exceeded, then the propagation of gravity should be temporal, which means that gravity is not an instantaneous effect, but needs to propagate."
His Excellency Alberton said with a sudden realization.
This means that the gravitational force between the Sun and the planet in the main plane needs to be delayed for several minutes to arrive, because the gravitational force cannot exceed the speed of light.
Substituting this into current astrological theories, the results are bizarre and contrary to experimental observations.
But to think that the propagation of gravity does not require time would be contrary to the assumption in relativity that the speed of light cannot be exceeded.
"Gravity itself is a kind of information, and it cannot exceed the speed of light within the framework of the theory of relativity, so there is a huge contradiction, Reiner, you thought of this question before?"
Field looked at Reiner, this young high-level mage was grown up by Field, but he didn't expect that he had already thought about it so far-reaching, I'm afraid that now, in terms of academic level, Field is no longer as good as Reiner.
"I had some thoughts, but I couldn't find a solution, so I didn't put it forward systematically, until now, we realized that light bends due to the gravitational field, which gave me a new idea."
Reiner said, glancing beyond the glass window at the Netherworld's Door, which loomed in the light, before speaking.
"First of all, gravity is not an interacting force like an electromagnetic force, to be precise, gravity is not a force."
Reiner's words made His Excellency Alberton's eyes widen, in his decades of research, gravity has been one of the fundamental forces, the basis of his research, but now Reiner actually said that gravity is not a real force?
"What did you say, Reiner?"
Lord Alberton asked, uncertain, and Reiner repeated his previous words.
"Gravitational attraction is an interaction, it does not arise from the mutual attraction of matter, its essence derives from the distortion of space-time, that is to say, Excellencies......"
Reiner paused, then said.
"The space-time we live in is not flat, but distorted, just like the space around the Netherworld, and it is this distortion that creates gravity and deflects light."
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