Act 289. Atomic model
There was still a week to go, and Rainer was naturally not idle.
The day after he invited Claire to travel with him, he arrived at the lab.
Reiner quickly set up a circle that could be exchanged from the Magic Guild using academic points.
The formation of the three particles requires thirty academic points each, which is different from the original circle of Fina's father, but the circle that has been optimized and improved by several mages, can produce a pure particle flow without impurities, and is safe and reliable, and will not affect the user.
A piece of paper floated up beside Reiner, with a sketch of the experiment he had designed the night before.
He first arranged a disc, in the middle of the disc, put a thin piece of gold leaf, and then arranged on one side of the disc a circle of particles that can produce a stream of particles composed of elemental cyrios particles with a relative elemental mass of about 4, and on the periphery of the disk, a microscope was arranged, and around the disk was a circle of receiving screens, if the Cirios particles hit the receiving screen, then a point of light would be left, and this microscope could rotate around the disk, enough to observe the Cirios particles from all directions.
In order to prevent interference, the entire experimental setup is covered with a vacuum glass cover, and Reiner can control the microscope rotation by means of a mechanism.
After assembling the experimental setup and debugging it, Reiner officially began the experiment.
He activated the particle formation circle, and with a flash of fluorescent light, the invisible stream of particles began to surge gradually, striking the gold leaf.
Reiner set the particle stream to release at a very low frequency, and after about ten minutes, he stopped the particle formation circle, and then turned the microscope to count the landing points of the Cirios particles on the receiving screen.
According to Lord Altranch, the deflection angle of the Cirios particle in this experiment should be very small.
If an electron is hit, the effect of the electron on the Hyrios particle is negligible according to the mass ratio of the two, and it can be ignored.
If the atom is hit, the positive charges on both sides of the atom cancel each other out, and the Silios particle will not be affected by it.
So, based on the cake and raisin model, the Cyrios particles should be barely deflected in this experiment, concentrated on the other side of the gold leaf.
However, when Reiner finished the statistics, he found that although most of the Cirios particles were concentrated on the opposite side of the particle formation circle, there were still a small number of Cirios particles with a large angle of deflection, and some of the Cirios particles had a deflection angle of more than 90 degrees, and some even had a 180-degree reflection!
This is contrary to the atomic model proposed by Lord Altranch.
Reiner repeated the experiment two more times, getting approximate results, and then went to the table on the other side, leaned over and began to write.
“...... According to the experimental phenomenon, the vast majority of the mass and charge of the atom should be concentrated in a very small space, and the atom is not like a cake with raisins, but consists of a very small nucleus and the electrons surrounding it. ”
Experimental phenomena can only be explained if the mass of the entire atom is concentrated in a very small region:
Most of the Cirios particles pass through the gaps between the nuclei of atoms, and even if they hit the electrons, they have no effect.
A small number of Silios particles pass through the region close to the nucleus and are repelled by a positive charge, which affects the trajectory of the motion, and the deflection angle increases as the Silios particles get closer to the nucleus.
A portion of the Silios particle hits the nucleus of the atom and is deflected by nearly 180 degrees.
Reiner called this atomic model the nucleus model, and he then began to calculate, estimating the proportion of the Hirios particles at all angles on the screen, and finally found that compared to the whole atom, the volume of the nucleus is less than one-ten-thousandth of its size, and if the atom is compared to a huge square, then the nucleus is an egg in the middle of the square.
He stopped his pen and breathed a sigh of relief.
Reiner didn't end there, he thought about it for a while, and wrote down some conjectures later:
The first conjecture is that, according to the periodic law, the atomic nuclear charge numbers of elements with similar properties are different, but there must be some characteristics that are similar, and Reiner guessed that it is the distribution of electrons in the outer shell, because according to the alchemical reaction, some elements always lose the same number of electrons in the reaction fixedly, which shows that the electrons outside the nucleus are not completely equivalent, and these electrons are different.
The second conjecture is that the nucleus may not be the smallest particle, as the nuclei of different elements have different nuclear charge numbers and relative elemental masses, as well as the presence of isotopes and the phenomenon observed by mages that radioactive material transforms into another element after releasing a stream of Cyrios particles.
Reiner speculated that there might be a positively charged particle and an uncharged particle, two particles of the same mass that together form the nucleus, thus reducing the theory that every element, or even every isotope, occupies a type of particle, to a variety of nuclei composed of different numbers of two particles.
He called charged particles protons, and uncharged particles neutrons.
Writing these two conjectures, Reiner sighed slightly.
At present, with his strength and the level of magic he has been exposed to, he has not been able to verify these two conjectures, so he does not plan to write these two conjectures into the paper, but retains a trace of selfishness.
Looking up, it was already afternoon, and Reiner realized that he hadn't eaten lunch yet, and his stomach seemed to have forgotten his hunger before, and he didn't start protesting until this moment.
Reiner hurriedly packed up the experimental equipment, put away the notes, hurried to the cafeteria, grabbed a simple food, and feasted on it.
After a hearty meal, he returned to his office, ready to continue reading "Alchemy", which he had only read once in the table of contents yesterday.
But when he opened the door, he found that the tiger-striped kitten was already squatting on Reiner's desk, licking his paws, quite pleasant.
"I don't have anything to eat."
Reiner shrugged his shoulders, put the note in his arms to the corner of his desk, and gently scratched the kitten's head.
"I'm not here to find a meow to eat today."
"And what are you here for?"
Reiner asked, and then, after about ten seconds, he suddenly came back to his senses and looked at the tiger-striped kitten rubbing his palm with a surprised look.
"You...... Did you speak? ”
He looked around to make sure he wasn't affected by any illusion, and subconsciously took a half step back and stared at the kitten.
"Re-introduce yourself."
The kitten stopped moving, looking at Reiner with amber eyes.
"You can call me Lady Freya."
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