On the city wall, people slowly came wearing armor.

Then came the archers, standing side by side on the wall. Because the demon clan is not just stupid and stupid to come up and send it, sometimes, they will also take shields. Shields are very useful.

The shield is a kind of armor, because it is held in the hand, the lightness is stronger than the armor worn on the body, so the shield is also called "Bingjia", and more importantly, the shield can form a shield wall, which is far more practical than armor to protect individual soldiers.

Interestingly, when people describe their strong troops, they always like to use words such as "with a million armor", "armor with a shield", etc., but no one uses "with a bow and a million" to describe being strong. So when the bow and arrow face the shield, can it shoot through the shield?

Bows and arrows are divided into straight pull, recurve, compound and many other kinds, and at the same time they are affected by factors such as workmanship, distance, arm strength, flat shot or projectile, and the shield can be divided into rattan shield, wooden shield, iron shield and so on according to the material.

But in general, the bow and arrow could not penetrate the shield. Because the development of bows and arrows and shields was synchronized, for example, when the Tang Dynasty was heavily equipped with black lacquer bows, shields had also evolved to iron shields. And the shield of the same period was always able to block the bow and arrow.

In fact, the power of ancient bows and arrows cannot reach the level of death with one blow. For example, Liu Bang was shot in the chest by Xiang Yu with an arrow, but Liu Bang still had the strength to laugh at Xiang Yu's inaccurate shooting. Du Fuwei of the Sui Dynasty was shot directly in the forehead, not only did he not die, but he also personally charged and beheaded the person who shot him.

Most of those who were killed by arrows died of tetanus, such as Zhang He, a famous general of Wei, who died after only being hit by an arrow in the knee. Only a handful of them are unlucky enough to be shot directly to the point. As for shooting people wearing heavy armor with bows and arrows, the chance of shooting through them is even lower, Man Gui has been hit by arrows many times without incident, and Zhang Guiyu of Houliang has been hit by fifteen arrows unharmed. The Book of Zhou records that the general Tian Hong "broke the front, and was attacked by more than 100 arrows, and the court was strong." ”

The leather made of a shield car can actually block firearm projectiles that are more powerful than bows and arrows, and finally break through the level and conquer the city repeatedly.

It can be seen that in the face of a shield with stronger single-sided defense, the power of the bow and arrow is greatly reduced. Since bows and arrows can't directly penetrate the shield, why did the ancient city defenders still desperately release arrows, even at the expense of physical strength to shoot at the opponent's shield array? In fact, the reason for this is very simple.

As a long-range weapon when defending the city, the bow and arrow are mainly used to exert their power by volleys to form an attack surface to slow down the enemy's attack, forcing the opponent to hide behind a shield, and at the same time relying on probability to kill and injure the enemy.

In the battlefield, people always have the wisdom to invent various super weapons to defeat the enemy, and one of the more common and irreplaceable battlefield weapons is the bow and arrow. In battle, in addition to swords, the most common is the bow and arrow, the range of the bow and arrow can be far or near, and has a huge impact and lethality, naturally can become the best choice for galloping on the battlefield.

Bows and arrows are not very lethal, so why can an arrow kill a person in war?

Not to mention being shot with an arrow, even if it is an ordinary abrasion,

Scratches are likely to kill people. In fact, in ancient wars, most soldiers were either killed directly by bows and arrows, or at most wounded. Because bows and arrows are not comparable to bullets, they cannot cause cavity effects in the human body, and their killing is basically to watch the arrows penetrate the body under the action of kinetic energy, and the damage to the inside of the body is limited.

Many people do not forget to put "golden water" on their arrows when fighting, which is simply dung water. If someone is ingested into the body by such an arrow, then basically the wound will become infected.

There is no other way but to wait for death. What's more important is to put the poison directly on the arrow, so that even if it doesn't hit your vital point, it will cause you a lot of damage, and kill the enemy directly with one arrow.

Take, for example, the chain mail with the lowest defense. In the impression of many people, things like chain mail can only resist swords and swords. Once you encounter a bow and arrow, you will be dumbfired. Because the chain mail is made of iron rings, and there are gaps between the iron rings. As long as the bow and arrow are shot into the gap between the chain mail rings, they can deal damage to soldiers.

In fact, this is a hypothetical assumption. Chain mail has low defense, which is relative to scale armor. And its real defense is not low at all, at least to resist the damage of the bow and arrow, and the effect is just now. It is recorded that many crusaders were often shot like hedgehogs on their marches, and they were still fine.

This is because the bow and arrow on the battlefield are basically intended to be covered by firepower, rather than really counting on how many people the bow and arrow can kill. In the end, it is hand-to-hand combat that determines the outcome of the battle. Bows and arrows, which can only be used to add to the icing on the cake.

In fact, whether it is an arrow or a gun, pay attention to a "precision", but in terms of proficiency, learning to shoot is easier than learning to shoot arrows, after all, when shooting, it is to pull the safety bolt to produce a strong lethality, as for whether you can accurately shoot the target depends on the acquired practice, and the bow and arrow is different, to pay attention to arm strength and proficiency, not just to shoot the target so simple, if it is just archery is more accurate, but there is no strength, it still can't kill people, so archers need strict training.

This is very easy to understand, arrows are different from swords, guns, swords and halberds in the hand, they can always be held in the hand to fight, and arrows are the same as bullets, "boom" shot out, and then gone. Archers generally carry about fifty arrows, which are already fully loaded, and they can't run any more. The cavalry can carry more arrows, generally around a hundred. When the arrows run out, the archers have little combat effectiveness.

And even if you can bring more arrows, it's useless, pulling a bow and shooting arrows is a hard job, an ordinary soldier pulling thirty times in a row is almost the limit, if you don't rest, then pulling hands is almost useless, and you can't shoot arrows!

Archers belong to long-range combat, and the effective range of bows and arrows can reach up to more than 300 meters, while the effective range of bows and arrows used by ordinary soldiers can also reach 100 meters. It's just that the enemy can move and dodge, so the ancient archers didn't need to aim many times, and they couldn't shoot accurately if they aimed. In actual combat, the archers are far away

Fire from a distance, use the technique of "projectile" to kill and injure enemy soldiers, you don't need to aim at all, you can just shoot towards a general area coverage, and what you shoot is nothing.

The speed of a bow and arrow shot by an ordinary soldier can reach a state of 40 meters per second, this concept is actually very terrifying, and the lethality at close range is extremely high. But if you want to shoot an object 100 meters away, after consuming kinetic energy over a long distance, the speed is actually very small.

Moreover, the armor and shields on the battlefield can counteract the power of arrows to a certain extent.

A bow and a crossbow are two different things, and the range and lethality of the bow depend entirely on the arm strength of the archer, so the range is limited. Crossbows rely on mechanical power, so some large crossbow arrows in ancient times had a much longer range, reaching more than 500 meters, and their lethality was amazing. Such as the Warring States crossbow car, Qin crossbow, the Han Dynasty's rhubarb crossbow, the Tang Dynasty's Fuyuan crossbow, Zhangzhang crossbow and so on. Since the bow has so many shortcomings, why did it take it as the first choice on the ancient battlefield, whether it was offensive or defensive?

The biggest feature of long-range weapons is that the striking surface is large, and the archers often form a phalanx, and there is a rain of arrows between the waves, and the angle can be adjusted slightly to cover the whole field. In addition, such as mountain ambush warfare, urban attack and defense warfare, etc., can only be used to kill and injure the enemy with weapons such as bows and arrows and stones, if there are no arrows, this battle really does not know how to fight. And ancient wars were mostly such operations. Letting the soldiers set up in a position in the wilderness to catch and fight each other is the lowest method of warfare.

Isn't it impossible to shoot to death, and why is the lethality rate extremely high? In long-distance situations, bows and arrows really cannot shoot people, but bows and arrows are very easy to bring trauma to people. Not everyone has armor on the battlefield, and even the best armor cannot surround the entire human body, there is always an exposed part, and there are so many people on the battlefield, if you can't shoot this one, maybe you will shoot the other, as long as you are shot, the pain will be unbearable, and you will not be able to continue fighting. Why are you so sure? Just look at the arrows in the picture above.

Bent, barbed, edged, bladed, crosshaired, bloodletting, etc., as long as they are shot, they are seriously injured, and the blood does not stop, and if you want to pull out the arrow, even the belt meat is a large piece. And in order to increase the lethality, the ancients would also "add materials" to the arrows, such as installing a barb, quenching poison, etc., the most common is to smear "gold juice".

Wounds often become infected and festering quickly, which is extremely vicious.

Therefore, many ancient famous generals could not recover after being hit by an arrow, and eventually died of a recurrence of arrow wounds, such as Yang Youji, Lao Huang Zhong, Tai Shici and so on. Therefore, the saying "the bow rings and the people are destroyed", "the martial arts are eighteen, only the bow and arrow are the first" is not completely unreasonable.

When selecting longbowmen, those who can draw their bows can become longbowmen, but the elimination rate is very high, and only those with superior strength can do it. However, being able to draw the bow does not necessarily mean that it can go to the battlefield, after very rigorous training, only the longbowmen can shoot more than a dozen or twenty arrows on the battlefield at one time, and they are basically out of strength after shooting a round.

In the last years of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu successively raised troops to fight against Qin, and Qin was at that time

The ruler of the second Hu Hai was brutal, and finally buried his own country, but the war was far from over, the world could not let the princes be divided, Xiang Yu was powerful, divided the princes, and proclaimed himself the overlord, but it did not end the war. Liu Bang continued to develop in Hanzhong, with the assistance of Han Xin, Ming Xiu plank road dark Chen Cang, began to conquer the world, Xiang Yu is the god of war, but he is too arrogant, in the end, Liu Bang occupies a large area of land in the north, and Xiang Yu only has a small territory, the two sides face each other.

During the chasm confrontation, Xiang Yu's grain route was cut off, and Liu Bang insisted on not fighting, and Xiang Yu faced an unprecedented predicament. Every day, Xiang Yu would scold under the city, but Liu Bang was completely a scoundrel, how could Xiang Yu scold Liu Bang.

Once, the two were scolding again, Xiang Yu saw Liu Bang in the light, so he pulled his bow and shot an arrow, this arrow hit Liu Bang's chest, but because the distance was too far, Xiang Yu didn't see where the shot was, Liu Bang deceived Xiang Yu, saying that he shot his heel.

Many people are wondering why Xiang Yu didn't shoot Liu Bang with poisoned arrows, once he used poisoned arrows, even if he hit his heel, it would be enough for Liu Bang to drink a pot, not to mention that it was Liu Bang's chest that was actually shot.

Bows and arrows were completely wooden arrows at the beginning, and arrows were only available in the later period, in the Bronze Age, arrows were bronze, and by the Qin and Han dynasties, iron arrows were already very common, but not all arrows were made of iron. Arrows are divided into bamboo arrows, wooden arrows, soldier arrows, crossbow arrows, the first two are not very lethal, but can be used for hunting, soldier arrows are army arrows, and there are many kinds of soldier arrows.

The origin of bows and arrows is very early, and there are many famous bows, such as Xiang Yu's overlord bow, the bowstring is said to be made of the tendons of the black dragon, and the range of ordinary bows and arrows is three hundred meters, but Xiang Yu's bow and arrow, even if it is not as magical as rumored, but the effective range must reach four hundred meters, which is well-founded.

Xiang Yu has a lot of strength, so the bow he uses is also a strong bow, and it is normal for the range to be long. The effective range of the overlord bow should be four hundred meters, but Xiang Yu and Liu Bang are at least five hundred meters apart, so Xiang Yu is not sure to shoot Liu Bang after shooting out, which is why Liu Bang said that he shot in the heel, and Xiang Yu had no way to refute it.

As for why not to use poison arrows, the fundamental reason is that there were no poison arrows at that time, and the poisoned arrows appeared in the Later Han Dynasty, which was discovered by a person named Geng Gong, and the poison used was not a poison that sealed the throat with blood, but with aconite, also called aconite, the roots and stems were highly poisonous, and if the arrow was injured, it would also be infected and killed, after all, the medical conditions were limited at that time. So it's not that Xiang Yu doesn't want to use poisoned arrows, but that there are no poisoned arrows available at all. If a poisoned arrow is really used, and it hits Liu Bang's chest, maybe Chinese history will really be rewritten by one arrow.

The smoke and clouds of history, after being removed, what we see is the warmth and coldness of human feelings, and the cold state of the world.

Self-defense weapons are easy to understand, although the archer is a ranged class, but the enemy will not cut you because you are a ranged class, if the line is broken, the archer also needs to participate in melee combat, how can you do it without a weapon?

According to the Tang Dynasty, crossbowmen in the Tang Dynasty were armed with swords and wooden sticks, and when the enemy rushed within twenty paces, they would stop firing arrows

Hand-to-hand combat.

In addition to self-defense weapons, bows and quivers are also necessary things, because the bow and arrow must have a package, without a bow, do you hang the bow around your neck? Of course, judging from the unearthed brick carvings, there were indeed people who hung the bow around their necks during the Southern Dynasties, but the author thinks that it should be a temporary state, not a common state.

Arm guards were also one of the incidental equipment of ancient archers, made of textile or leather, tied to the forearm to prevent the bowstring from injuring the arm, and were also called "shooting tatars" in ancient times. Since soldiers wear armguards made of armor or leather to protect their arms, there is no need to wear armguards with protective bowstrings in many cases.

The bow and arrow is the most terrible lethal weapon, the appearance of the ancient bow and arrow is still in the distant mythological era, the legend of the descendants shot off the story of the nine suns, we all know that the bow and crossbow in the Qin Dynasty is very famous, that is, because of the powerful weapon, the soldiers of the Qin Dynasty are brave and invincible on the battlefield, every battle is a big victory, many cases are still less to win more, and later the Qin State implemented a policy of rewarding the army, that is, the first level of military merit.

The main meaning is that when you get the opponent's head, you can get a certain reward, as well as the title of the country, for such a system, it is easy for soldiers fighting on the front line, but it is very difficult for archers in the rear, the front line can kill directly and cut off the head, but for the archers, there are also targets that are tens of meters and three hundred meters away from them to kill the enemy.

The archer is not too much equipped with melee weapons, even if you shoot the enemy, it is impossible to harvest your combat exploits in the first time, often at the end of the time, to go to the place, at this time it is very likely that others will take the lead, because for the soldiers, the temptation of the head is still great, for the battlefield on the battlefield, with the merits of the war you will have everything, that is, no one dreams of it.

In order to prevent the archers' exploits from being robbed by the enemy, a lot of methods and mechanisms were established in ancient times, such as on the battlefield, there are special counters to record the number of enemies killed, these personnel do not need to participate in the war, their main task is to count the number of enemies killed, to make a statistical table to illustrate the main method of the number of enemies killed by our personnel. However, there are too many soldiers on the battlefield, so how can they be counted? The records of military exploits are all small in a small range, and they are all in groups of five with their own recorders, who are specially responsible for the records of the military exploits of these soldiers.

Although it is said that archers have their own recorders, and there are also people who are responsible for recording the enemies they kill, in this way, military merit can still be counted as their own body. Later, a different method was adopted, that is, each archer's arrow would record the corresponding mark on his bow and arrow, so that the number of kills of each person could be more directly counted.

(End of chapter)