Gu Liangyou is famous in the Heze area, everyone over the age of eighty has heard of him, and I heard my father mention it when I was a child.

He was born in 1881 in the southwest valley of Juye County, with five brothers, the third in line. His family was poor, he went out to serve as a soldier at the age of seventeen, and shared a shed with Feng Yuxiang when he was training in Baoding. Twelve people in a shed, in today's parlance, is a class.

Gu Liangyou is one year older than Feng Yuxiang, 1.8 meters tall, loud speaker, cheerful personality, and good fists and feet. Feng Yuxiang is also big, loves to read, and is very kind.

Those people in the shed gambled, and asked Feng Yuxiang to stand guard outside; He practiced calligraphy, and they deliberately shook the table; He was reading under the lamp, and they thought he was wasting the lamp oil and delaying their sleep; He paid for lamp oil, dug a hole in the wall, covered his head with a cloth and read a book in it, and those people looked for his little feet. Gu Liangyou really couldn't stand it, and often fought for Feng Yuxiang.

Sometimes improve the food and eat noodles. Those people rushed up and fished out all the noodles, and it was Feng Yuxiang's turn, and there was only noodle soup left in the bucket. After eating noodles again, Gu Liangyou stepped forward and scooped a big bowl of thick food for Feng Yuxiang first. After he finished fishing, those people dared to come forward.

The two got along better and better, and they swore goodbye to the brothers. In my hometown, the Ren brothers are closer than their own brothers.

Three years later, the training army was reorganized into a quasi-army, and most of the officers and soldiers were cut, including Gu Liangyou. When he left, he and Feng Yuxiang both cried.

After Gu Liangyou returned to Guzhuang, he heard that Feng Yuxiang's brother was leading the county team in Caozhou Mansion (note: Heze's old name), so he went over and got an errand.

In 1907, Feng Yuxiang came to Shandong from Fengtian to visit the military parade, and when his brother heard about it, he sent Gu Liangyou to Jinan to pick up Feng Yuxiang to live in Caozhou Mansion for a few days.

In this meeting, the two of them were not intimate enough. On the road from Jinan, Feng Yuxiang said: "I'll go home with you first and see the old lady." ”

The two of them got off at the valley village and went to the valley house first.

After Feng Yuxiang greeted his mother, he said, "Mother, I'll kowtow to you." He knelt respectfully on the ground and kowtowed three times.

After kowtowing, the two of them went to the courtyard to rest. Gu Liangyou dismantled a door panel to use as a table, moved a few bricks, and stacked them as stools. The rice is scrambled eggs with pancake rolls, and the dish is a bowl of fried bean sprouts mixed with a large bowl of cucumbers. This is the best meal that the Gu family can come up with.

The two of them were eating happily, and an old man in his sixties came, with white hair, white beard, white coat, white pants, and a cigarette pouch, who was the eldest brother of Gu Liangyou's clan. He deliberately came over to talk to Feng Yuxiang, called Feng Yuxiang "Lord Feng", and asked the first sentence when he sat down: "Lord Feng, how much land have you placed?" ”

Feng Yuxiang said: "Now that many places in our country are occupied by foreigners, how can I have the heart to buy family property?" ”

The old man smiled and said, "You are still young, I don't know how easy it is to live." What does it have to do with foreigners occupying here and there? I advise you to put a few acres of land, and it would be better to have three or five acres of land. As the old saying goes, 'Land cures all diseases.'" 'You're a friend of good friends, so I'll tell you the truth, you must not fall for other people's wow.' ”

Feng Yuxiang asked: "If our country dies, what is the use of having land?" ”

The old man said, "Why is it useless? Whoever becomes the emperor will be given food to whomever we want. ”

Feng Yuxiang didn't say anything further, knowing that this was a good intention, and the people thought so.

Later, Gu Liangyou and his fifth brother Gu Liangmin both followed Feng Yuxiang as soldiers and fought many battles.

In 1921, Gu Liangyou followed Feng Yuxiang to Shaanxi, he was the commander of the third battalion of the first regiment at that time, and the regiment commander was called Li Mingzhong. Li Mingzhong ordered Gu Liangyou's battalion to be a reserve and not to go up to fight first. Gu Liangyou didn't listen, took his men to the battlefield and won the battle.

Li Mingzhong blamed Gu Liangyou for not obeying orders, and Gu Liangyou felt that he had made a special meritorious service, and he was not convinced at all.

Li Mingzhong reported to Feng Yuxiang: "Gu Liangyou only listens to you alone, and no one else can take care of it, how can I be the head of the regiment?" ”

When Feng Yuxiang heard this, Gu Liangyou had committed a taboo in the army, and he was so angry that he stomped his feet and shouted: "Pull Gu Liangyou out and kill him!" ”

The officers knelt down and pleaded for Gu Liangyou.

Feng Yuxiang said: "No one can intercede today, Gu Liangyou must be killed!" If I don't kill Gu Liangyou, I, the brigade commander, will not do it! ”

When these people saw it, Feng Yuxiang was really angry, so he had to secretly release Gu Liangyou and let him go back to his hometown to hide.

A few days later, Feng Yuxiang lost his anger and sent someone to call Gu Liangyou back and remove him.

In the second year, Feng Yuxiang led the team to Henan and fought against Zhao Qi, the overseer of Henan Province. Gu Liangyou has been transferred to the guard regiment as the battalion commander, and he led the people to kill seven in and seven out of the artillery fire, no matter how well equipped they are, they are afraid that he will not die. Feng Yuxiang summed up the battle and said that Gu Liangyou was Zhao Zilong of Changbanpo and made great contributions.

In 1930, Gu Liangyou returned to Shandong and worked under Han Fuyu, where he was the commander-in-chief of the Luxi People's League and the garrison of Heze.

Once, a salt seller in Juye arrived in Heze, and the little red car he pushed touched someone's house, but they didn't let him go, so they detained the car and salt. There was really no way, he went to Gu Liangyou, Gu Liangyou took care of his meal, and went to the house to talk about it, and they put the car and salt away.

Gu Liangyou's daughter-in-law Fu is a peasant girl, and Feng Yuxiang calls her the third sister-in-law, who respects her very much. The shoes worn by the soldiers wear out quickly, and the shovel shoes made by Gu San's sister-in-law for her husband also have a copy of Feng Yuxiang. A tip grows out on the front of the shovel sole, turns it over and sews it onto the upper, the tip of the shoe is not easy to break, and a pair of shovel shoes top two pairs of round-toed shoes. The soles are all straight soles, regardless of the left and right feet, and you can wear both shoes.

There was a gathering lecture about the march, Feng Yuxiang raised his foot and said: "This is the shovel shoe made by Gu San's sister-in-law, which is strong and wearable, and the left and right feet can be worn alternately, which is convenient for marching." "In today's parlance, shovel shoes are too earthy, and good farmers don't wear them, and such a big general wears shovel shoes, and soldiers and their families follow suit.

In 1932, Feng Yuxiang lived in seclusion in Puzhao Temple in Mount Tai, Gu Liangmin was the commander of the 22nd Division at that time, he sent a regiment to Tai'an, and the Gu brothers often went up the mountain to see.

Feng Yuxiang specially sent a letter and asked Gu San's sister-in-law to make a few coarse cloth quilts.

After it was done, Gu San's sister-in-law was sent to the mountain, Feng Yuxiang and his daughter-in-law Li De were all very happy, and Gu's third sister-in-law stayed in Taishan for a few more days.

The quilt is covered with blue coarse cloth, and the inside is white cotton, Feng Yuxiang said: "It's still a coarse cloth quilt to cover it warmly." ”

After the Gu family mentioned Feng Yuxiang, they all called him "Mr. Feng", and after the third sister-in-law of Gu returned home, he said that Mr. Feng wore a coarse cloth shirt and pants in Taishan, wearing a felt hat worn by an old man, and his belt was made of coarse cloth. They eat coarse tea and light rice, stewed tofu with cabbage, and scrambled eggs with flatbread rolls, which are considered good, and Mr. Feng also likes to eat them the most.

Feng Yuxiang advocates equality between men and women, and women cut their hair short and do not wrap their feet. Gu Liangyou's two daughters, Fengyi and Luanyi, did not wrap their feet, and Gu's third sister-in-law also let go of her feet, and her mother and son cut their hair short. These are all new things in Heze and Juye.

At that time, there was an old man in Shandong named Liu Guitang, nicknamed Liu Heiqi, who often led people to Heze and killed wherever he went.

In 1934, when he heard that Liu Heiqi had arrived in Juye, Gu Liangyou led the troops to run over and capture Liu Heiqi alive. didn't think that Liu Heiqi ran away, he was overworked, and he caught fire again, evoking old illnesses and falling ill.

Gu Liangyou's disease was diagnosed as advanced stomach cancer. Feng Yuxiang originally wanted Gu Liangyou to go to Peking Union Medical College Hospital for surgery and sent someone to send medical records. When the hospital looked at the medical records, it was already at an advanced stage and was reluctant to undergo the operation.

Gu Liangyou died less than a month after the operation in Jinan, which was the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.

The next morning, Feng Yuxiang rushed to the hospital from Mount Tai and cried bitterly. After crying, he went to the provincial ** to discuss the funeral with Han Fuyu and set up a funeral committee.

A few days later, the memorial service was held in the ** compound of Jinan City, and Feng Yuxiang wrote the memorial text himself, which was read for more than ten minutes, and many people present cried when they heard it. The elegiac couplet he wrote was also hung at the venue, and the upper couplet was: "I want us to be with one heart and one mind and the same revolutionary voice"; The next link is: "Look at the future when your husband dies first and then surpasses the great spirit."

After the memorial service, the spirit went to the station and transported it back to Juye for burial, and the officers took turns to carry the coffin, and thousands of people were sent to the funeral, and there was a guard of honor in front of the troops. Feng Yuxiang said to Han Fuyu: "After a hundred years, I am afraid that we will not have such treatment." ”

After the Japanese started the war, the families of high-ranking Kuomintang officers went to Wuhan and then to Chongqing, and Gu Liangmin's family also went to Chongqing.

Feng Yuxiang asked, "Why didn't the third sister-in-law come?" ”

Gu Liangmin said: "The third sister-in-law was reluctant to leave her hometown and went back to the countryside. ”

Feng Yuxiang was very angry and said, "You are all afraid of death, she is not afraid of death?" ”

He sent someone to pick up the third sister-in-law in the countryside of Juye, and specially instructed the person who did the work: "Just take the third sister-in-law, not the aunt's wife." "He looks down on people who are aunts' wives the most, they have daughters-in-law, and they still go to be small, which is looking down on themselves.

The third sister-in-law said: "It's all a family, I can't leave them and run for my life." If you want to go, you can't go. ”

The person who came was very embarrassed and reported to Feng Yuxiang.

Feng Yuxiang agreed, on one condition: his aunt could not meet him.

In 1938, Gu's third sister-in-law and her sisters went to Chongqing and lived in a place prearranged by Feng Yuxiang and treated as military dependents. Feng Yuxiang often came to visit, and every time he went, the third and fourth aunts hid in advance.

In 1946, Jiang Yuanqing (second from right) led his family back from Chongqing to the north, passing through the Liuhou Temple in southern Shaanxi to take a photo. The other is the son-in-law Han Zihua (first from the right, the second son of Han Fuyu, and later a member of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang), the eldest son Gu Zicheng (second from left), and the second son Gu Zisheng (first from left). Gu Zisheng provides.

A year later, the third sister-in-law had a tumor in her stomach, returned to her hometown, and died in the house of the third aunt's wife in less than two years.

Gu Liangmin is also a martial arts practitioner, with big shoulders and a round waist. After becoming a soldier, he first served as a herald in front of Feng Yuxiang, and then as a herald, and Feng Yuxiang called him Xiao Wu.

In 1915, Feng Yuxiang led his troops into Sichuan, walked to Zigong Liujiachang, it rained heavily, Feng Yuxiang lived in a shop, and rested in the cabinet room. There is a small building in front of the shop, and the military doctor lives in it. There are several large vats upstairs, and the vats are placed by the ** of the local security team.

A soldier in the military medical department went upstairs to put something, lit a candle to illuminate it, and accidentally lit the **.

There was a bang, the building was destroyed, people died, and there was a lot of chaos.

Gu Liangmin thought that there was an enemy situation, so he smashed the door open in the dark, picked up Feng Yuxiang and ran, until he ran to a safe place.

In 1924, Gu Liangmin had been a company commander for eight years, and some of the soldiers who served together were promoted quickly, such as Han Fuyu, who had already become a regiment commander. He couldn't think about it, so he left the army and went back to the valley.

Feng Yuxiang was angry and sent someone to Guzhuang to find Gu Liangmin back and hand him over to the Military Justice Department.

He asked, "What should I do if I desert?" ”

The commissioner said, "You should be beaten with a military stick." ”

After being a soldier together for many years, no one was embarrassed to beat the good people, Feng Yuxiang picked up the military stick and did it himself.

Gu Liangmin was strong, and he stiffened his legs, and his military stick was broken.

Between 1919 and 1920, Feng Yuxiang, commander of the 16th Mixed Brigade of the Army, presented the "Souvenir of the Officers' Gymnastics Troupe" to the commander of the guard company, Yoshimin Tani. The front is a double flag and a dove of peace, engraved with the words "Lian Changgu Liangmin", and the back is marked with the "Changde Xiong Qinghua" silver building stamp.

Everyone took the opportunity to intercede, and Gu Liangmin was removed from his post and placed on probation.

Not long, he became a battalion commander.

During the Anti-Japanese War, Gu Liangmin was the commander of the 56th Army. In February 1938, Gu Liangmin received an order from above to take Jining back from the Japanese. He led the 22nd Division from Dingtao to attack the city overnight.

A brigade commander reported to him: "The losses are too heavy. ”

He said: "No matter how much you lose, you can't go back!" You tell your men that you'd rather let bullets pass through the front than through the back! ”

Gu Liangmin commanded at the front, and before dawn they attacked the north gate, entered nine companies, and fought the Japanese with guns and knives.

Jining City was finally taken, but the Japanese took it back with artillery and tanks, and the officers and soldiers of Gu Liangmin's nine companies died in Jining City.

There were too many killings and injuries in those days, and Gu Liangmin received an order to retreat.

Feng Yuxiang was very happy when he heard about it, and said to his daughter-in-law: "The little fifth son is not ambiguous, and he won the battle in the end." He asked Gu Liangmin to remit 4,000 yuan to reward the officers and soldiers.

After the Battle of Jining, Gu Liangmin resigned as army commander.

He went to see Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang Kai-shek said: "You go to the Military Senate first to rest, and then you will lead the troops later." He also gave Gu Liangmin a check for 5,000 yuan.

Gu Liangmin said: "Thank you, Chairman! Now the state is using money, and I don't want it. ”

Chiang Kai-shek smiled and said, "Good job! ”

In 1940, gasoline was in short supply, and alcohol could be substituted. Gu Liangmin built an alcohol factory in Jiangjin, called "Jianguo Alcohol Factory", he was the chairman, hundreds of employees, and the factory name plaque was written by Feng Yuxiang.

Chiang Kai-shek (left) summoned Gu Liangmin (middle) and Sun Tongxuan (right) to give lectures. No. 30 of the Weekly Picture Magazine.

In 1948, Feng Yuxiang died suddenly, and Gu Liangmin cried all day long and was sad for a long time.

In 1951, the Tianjin Public Security Bureau detained Gu Liangmin for examination. He was released in 1953 and concluded that he would "concentrate on studying, educate and release him from prosecution." ”

In 1954, Gu Liangmin donated his house and part of his savings in Tianjin to **, and his family moved to Beijing.

During the "*****", Gu Liangmin and his daughter-in-law Jiang Yuanqing were pulled out, searched their homes, shaved their heads, and paraded on the streets, and later sent back to their hometowns.

Gu Liangmin returned to Dayi Guzhuang, and some Red Guards didn't know the depth and wanted to beat him. He said, "You go back and ask the elderly in your family first, and see if I have done anything to be sorry for you." ”

In 1964, Gu Liangmin and Jiang Yuanqing took a group photo with their grandchildren at their home in Beijing. Gu Zisheng provides.

Gu Liangmin and Jiang Yuanqing took a group photo in their hometown Guzhuang in 1972. Gu Zisheng provides.

Sometimes the Dayi Commune held a criticism meeting, and many elderly people came, and they came with sticks to protect Gu Liangmin with sticks and prevent the young ones from being blind.

In 1973, Gu Liangmin and his daughter-in-law were taken back to Beijing.

Two years later, Gu Liangmin died in Beijing at the age of 86.