Sima Yi in history.

Sima Yi (September 7, 2019), whose name is Zhongda, was a native of Xiaojingli, Wen County, Hanoi County (now Wen County, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, he was a politician and military strategist of the Wei State, a powerful minister of the Wei State, and the founder of the Western Jin Dynasty.

In 208, it was forcibly opened into literature. Cao Cao was crowned the queen of Wei and helped Cao Pi win the battle for the throne. When Cao Pi was dying, he ordered Sima Yi to assist Emperor Cao of Wei Ming. Emperor Ming collapsed, and the young emperor Cao Fang was entrusted with Sima Yi and Cao Shuang. In 249, he launched the Gaopingling Rebellion to seize power and kill Cao Shuang. In 251, Sima Yi died of illness and was nicknamed Xuanwen. After the second son Sima Zhao was crowned the queen of Jin, he posthumously named Sima Yi as the king of Xuan; After Sima Yan was called emperor, he posthumously honored Sima Yi as Emperor Xuan, and the temple name was Gaozu.

Sima is a descendant of Gao Yang's son Chongli, that is, Xia Guan Zhurong. From ancient times to the Shang Dynasty, he inherited the position of Xia Guan, and in the Zhou Dynasty, Xia Guan was renamed Sima. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, the ancestor Cheng Boxiu's father had a meritorious role in pacifying Xu Fang, and gave Sima a family name. Sima Yi's twelfth ancestor Sima destroyed Qin with Xiang Yu, was named King of Yin, and built the capital of Hanoi. During the Han Dynasty, it became Hanoi County, where the Sima family lived for generations.

Sima Yi's great-grandfather Sima Jun was the general of the expedition to the west during the reign of Emperor An of the Han Dynasty, his great-grandfather Sima Liang was the Taishou of Yuzhang (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), his grandfather Sima was the Taishou of Yingchuan (now Yuzhou, Henan), and his father Sima Fang was Jingzhaoyin. Sima Fangyu had eight sons, because there was a word "Da" in the word, and he was known as Sima Bada at that time. Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty Sima Yan's edict said: "This family has been passed down for a long time. ”

Sima Yi is Sima Fang's second son, and he was strategicistic when he was a teenager. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sima Yi was born in troubled times, "often worried about the world". Yang Jun, the Taishou of Nanyang, is known for knowing people and being good at things, and before Sima Yi was twenty years old, Yang Jun had seen him and said that he was by no means an ordinary son. Shangshu Cui Yan was friendly with Sima Yi's brother Sima Lang, and once said to Sima Lang: "Your brother is smart and sensible, decisive, and heroic, which is not comparable to you." ”

Sima Yi had a good relationship with the famous hermit Hu Zhao when he was a teenager. Because of the grudge with Zhou Sheng and others in the same county and was murdered, Hu Zhao immediately went into danger to find out, found Zhou Sheng and his party between the mountains and ponds, and begged them to let Sima Yi go, Zhou Sheng refused at first, but Hu Zhao's sincerity in crying finally moved him and saved Sima Yi.

Recruitment

In the sixth year of Jian'an (201), the county recommended Sima Yi as the official of Shangji Peng (the official of Shangji Affairs of Zuoli Prefecture). At that time, Cao Cao was serving as Sikong, and after hearing about Sima Yi's reputation, he sent someone to recruit him to serve in the palace. Sima Yi saw that the Eastern Han Dynasty regime had been controlled by the Cao family, and the Cao family was a eunuch, so he didn't want to bend to Cao Cao, so he excused himself to have wind paralysis and couldn't live physically without leaving the Cao family. Cao Cao didn't believe it, so he sent someone to spy on the news at night, and Sima Yi lay there, motionless, as if he was really infected with wind paralysis.

In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208), after Cao Cao became the prime minister, he used coercive means to recruit Sima Yi as a literary scholar. Cao Cao told the messenger that if he remained in bed as before, he would be arrested. When Sima Yi heard about it, he was very frightened and had to take office. Cao Cao asked him to travel with the crown prince, and successively served as the Huangmen squire, the councilor, the prime minister of Dong Cao, and the prime minister's chief bookkeeper. According to "Wei Luo", Sima Yi was studious, Cao Hong thought he was talented, and wanted Sima Yi to help him, but Sima Yi was ashamed to associate with Cao Hong and pretended to be on crutches. Cao Hong hated Sima Yi and went to make a small report to Cao Cao, Cao Cao recruited Sima Yi, and Sima Yi immediately threw away his crutches to see Cao Cao to serve him.

Cao Cao gradually noticed that Sima Yi "had heroic ambitions", and found that he had a "wolf appearance", and he was very taboo in his heart. Therefore, he said to Cao Pi that Sima Yi is not a person who is willing to be a subordinate, and he will definitely interfere in our family's affairs. But because Cao Pi and Sima Yi had a good relationship and always defended him, he was able to do nothing, so Sima Yi was diligent in his duties and forgot to sleep and eat, so Cao Cao felt at ease.

Clever and resourceful

In the twentieth year of Jian'an (215), Cao Cao conquered Zhang Lu, and Sima Yi accompanied the army. He said to Cao Cao: "Liu Bei used trickery to capture Liu Zhang, and before the people of Shu were attached, he raised troops to fight for Jiangling, which is a good time to break Liu." Today, if the Chen soldiers demonstrate in Hanzhong, Yizhou (referring to Shudi) will be shaken and uneasy, and if they enter the army again, the Shu soldiers will inevitably collapse. Take advantage of this opportunity and you will definitely be able to accomplish it. A saint cannot violate the time, nor can he lose time. But Cao Cao said: "People are not satisfied, they have already obtained Longyou, and they still want to get Shudi, which is people's hearts." So I didn't listen to Sima Yi's strategy. Sima Yi followed Cao Cao to conquer Sun Quan in the south and broke Sun Quan. After the army returned to the army, Sun Quan sent an envoy to surrender, proclaimed himself a minister to Cao Cao, Chen said the Mandate of Heaven, and persuaded Cao Cao to become emperor. Cao Cao said: "Sun Quan Xiao'er wants to put me on the charcoal!" Sima Yi replied: "The national fortunes of the Han Dynasty are coming to an end, and you are very good at the world, and you are still subservient to the Han Dynasty." Now Sun Quan is a minister, which is in line with the will of heaven and man. ”

In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219), Sima Yi was promoted to the prince's concubine, and Cao Pi, the prince of Sasuke Wei. At that time, every time Sima Yi participated in the planning, he had a strange strategy, so he was trusted and reused by Cao Pi, and was called the "Four Friends" with Chen Qun, Wu Zhen, and Zhu Shuo [shuo]. Sima Yi was transferred to the post of military Sima and suggested that Tuntian solve the grain problem, which was adopted by Cao Cao.

He pointed out that Hu Xiu, the assassin of Jingzhou, was rude, and Nanxiang was too guarded by Fu Fang and arrogant, so they should not be stationed at the border, and Cao Cao did not pay attention to it. In the same year, Guan Yu besieged Cao Ren in Fancheng, flooded the Forbidden Seventh Army, and beheaded Pang De. Hu and Fu really took the opportunity to descend to Shu. For a time, Guan Yu's momentum was "Megatron China". Because Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was in Xu County, very close to Fancheng, Cao Cao felt threatened, and in order to avoid Guan Yu's edge, he was once ready to move the capital north of the Yellow River.

Sima Yi and Cao Rin Jiang Ji promptly dissuaded: "Yu Ban was flooded by a big flood, it was not a mistake in battle and defense, and there was no great loss to the overall situation of the country. Liu Bei and Sun Quan are close to each other, and now that Guan Yu is sitting big, Sun Quan must be uneasy, and inform Sun Quan of this matter, so that he can contain Guan Yu, and the siege of Fancheng will be relieved. Cao Cao followed his plan, Sun Quan really sent Lu Meng to attack the public security, and Guan Yu was captured and killed by him.

Later, Cao Cao believed that the remnants of Jingzhou and the soldiers and civilians in Yingchuan Tuntian were approaching the hostile forces in the south and wanted to move them away. Sima Yi believed: "Most of the people of Jingchu are light, and it is difficult to stabilize if they move easily. Now that Guan Yu has just been defeated, the Tibetan fugitives are also watching the situation. The relocation of people there now not only hurts the hearts of the locals, but also discourages those who want to return. Cao Cao listened to his advice and did not emigrate. The fugitives who had fled from Tibet before had indeed returned to naturalization.