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In the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755 AD), the three towns of Fanyang, Pinglu and Hedong made An Lushan to the side of the Qing monarch.

Yang Guozhong rebelled in the name of the army, and the soldiers pointed directly at Chang'an. In the following year, Tang Xuanzong fled to Shuzhong (now Chengdu, Sichuan) with Yang Guifei and Yang Guozhong, passing through Ma Weiyi (now west of Xingping City, Shaanxi), Chen Xuanli led the entourage of the forbidden army sergeants, unanimously demanded the execution of Yang Guozhong and Yang Guifei, and then mutinied, killing Yang Guozhong with a knife.

Tang Xuanzong said that the country was loyal to the chaos, but the concubine was not guilty, and wanted to be pardoned, but the soldiers of the forbidden army thought that the concubine was a disaster to the country, and the Anshi rebellion was caused by the concubine. Tang Xuanzong accepted Gao Lishi's advice, and in order to protect himself, he had no choice but to kill Yang Guifei. In the end, Yang Guifei was given a white silk and hanged under the pear tree in the Buddhist hall at the age of Chinese New Year's Eve, which is the allusion in Bai Juyi's "Song of Long Hatred" that "the six armies are helpless, like a moth eyebrows and a horse to die".

Xuanzong returned to the palace after the Anshi Rebellion was pacified, and sent people to find Yang Guifei's body, but they were not found.

The records in the "New Tang Book" are roughly the same as those in the "Old Tang Book", so it can be seen that Yang Guifei did die in Ma Weipo. Later generations say that the concubine is not dead, which may just be a good wish.

Some people say that Yang Yuhuan may have died in the Buddhist hall. "Old Tang Book: The Biography of Yang Guifei" records: Lin Fangbing, the general of the forbidden army, and the concubine before the death of Xiangxiaoyu prayed to the Bodhisattva

After leading Chen Xuanli and others to kill Yang Guozhong's father and son, they thought that "the thief is still there" and asked to kill Yang Guifei again to avoid future troubles. Tang Xuanzong was helpless, said goodbye to the concubine, and "died in the Buddhist room". "Zizhi Tongjian: Tang Ji" records: Tang Xuanzong ordered the eunuch Gao Lishi to take Yang Guifei to the Buddhist hall and hang her. "Tang Guobu" records: Gao Lishi hanged Yang Guifei to death under the pear tree in the Buddha Hall.

Chen Hong's "Song of Long Hatred" records: Tang Xuanzong knew that Yang Guifei would inevitably die, but he couldn't bear to see her die, so he led people away, "In a hurry, he died under the ruler group". Music History's "Yang Taizhen's Biography" records: When Tang Xuanzong said goodbye to Yang Guifei, she "begged to worship the Buddha".

Colliers then hanged the concubine under the pear tree in front of the Buddhist hall. Mr. Chen Yinke pointed out in the "Yuan Bai Poetry Manuscript": "It can be noted that the death of the concubine under the pear tree in the history of music may be influenced by the sentence of Xiangshan (Bai Juyi) 'pear blossom and spring rain'. Goll is ridiculous. "The statement of music history comes from the "Supplement to the History of the Tang Kingdom", and Li Zhao's statement is probably influenced by "The Song of Long Hatred". Yang Guifei hanged herself in the Buddhist hall. Chen Xuanli and the generals of the Praetorian Guard watched this process, and after confirming that Yang Guifei was dead, they came out to explain to the Praetorian Guard soldiers, and it took a long time for the gathered soldiers to disperse and return.

Yang Guifei may also have died in the chaos. This theory is mainly found in some Tang poems. In the second year of Zhide (757 AD), Du Fu composed a poem "Wailing River Head" in Chang'an, which was occupied by An Lushan in the second year of Zhide (757 AD), which contained the sentence "Where are the bright eyes and bright teeth now, and the blood-stained wandering soul cannot return", implying that Yang Guifei was not hanged to death in Ma Weiyi, because the death by hanging will not see blood.

Li Yi's Seven Uniques "Crossing the Horse" and the Seven Laws "Two Songs of the Crossing the Horse" contain poems such as "Asking Jun Xiu to wash the blood of the lotus" and "Taizhen blood stains the horse's hooves", which also reflect the scene of Yang Guifei being killed by the rebellious army and dying under the blade. Du Mu's "Thirty Rhymes of Huaqing Palace" "shouting Ma Wei's blood, scattered feather forest guns"; Zhang You's "Huaqing Palace and Shesheren" "Blood Buried Concubine Ziyan"; Wen Tingyun's "Ma Weiyi" poems such as "Returning to the soul without checking the table and extinguishing the smoke, burying the blood and burying the empty green grass sorrow" also believe that Yang Guifei's blood splashed Ma Weiyi was not hanged to death.

There are other possibilities for Yang Guifei's death, for example, some people say that she died by swallowing gold. This statement is only found in the poem "Ma Wei Xing" used by Liu Yuxi. Liu's poem once wrote: "The green field Fufeng Road, the yellow dust horse walks, the roadside Yang nobles, the tomb is three or four feet high." It is to ask the middle of the child, and they all say that when they are lucky, the military family is lucky, and the son of heaven is a demon concubine. The group of officials is on the door screen, the nobles are holding the emperor's clothes, the beautiful eyes are low, and the wind is the sun. The nobles drink gold dust, and they take apricot pills in their lives, and the color is really the same. ”

Judging from this poem, Yang Guifei died by swallowing gold. Mr. Chen Yinke was quite surprised by this statement, and made a research in the "Yuan Bai Poetry Manuscript". Chen suspected that Liu Shi's words "nobles drink gold dust" were obtained from "Li'erzhong", so it was different from other people's opinions. However, Chen did not rule out that Yang Guifei may have swallowed gold before she was hanged, so it was rumored in "Li'erzhong".

The emperor returned from Shu, ordered the envoy to pay tribute, and ordered the funeral to be reburied. Li Kui, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites, said: "The dragon warriors punish the country and are loyal to the country, and they will lose the country's chaos." Now the funeral of the deceased concubine is fearful, and the funeral is not feasible. "That's it. The emperor ordered the envoy to be buried in another place. At the beginning of the scab, it was wrapped in a purple mattress, and the skin was already damaged, but the sachet was still there. The internal officials are dedicated, and the emperor sees it sadly, so that the shape of the picture is in the other hall, and it is regarded day and night. ("Old Tang Book, Volume 51 Biography of Yang Guifei")

Origin of the name

Yang Yuhuan's name is not written in the "Old Tang Book" and "New Tang Book", nor is it clearly recorded in the "Zizhi Tongjian", and "The Song of Long Hatred" only says that she is "Yang Xuanyan's daughter". In the ninth year of Tang Dazhong (855), that is, about 100 years after the death of Yang Guifei, it was mentioned for the first time in the "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor" compiled by Zheng Chuzhi: "Yang Guifei's small character Yuhuan". Later generations continue to use it to this day. Yang Guifei's three names "Jade Slave", "Jade Niang" and "Jade Ring" are real, and the words slave, mother and ring are all a kind of foil to Yang Guifei's name in different periods. Jade slave is her childhood nickname; Jade Niang is her honorific title before canonization; Yuhuan is what people jokingly called her after she canonized her concubine and made her body blessed. Yang Guifei's real name should be called "Yang Yu".

Yuhuan shy flower

There is a small and delicate flower, its compound leaves resemble hibiscus branches, and the dots are symmetrical, like bird feathers.

Yuhuan shy flower

The plant is adorned with several small pale red flowers, resembling bayberry. People point with their hands, its pinnate leaflets will quickly close, and the petiole will slowly hang down, just like a girl who has just entered the world, because of its purity and simplicity, it is so cowardly and shy, so people call it "mimosa". Legend has it that when Yang Yuhuan first entered the palace, he was sad all day long because he couldn't see the king. Once, when she went to the palace garden with the palace ladies to enjoy the flowers, she accidentally touched the mimosa, and the leaves of the grass immediately rolled up. The palace maids all said that this was Yang Yuhuan's beauty, which made the flowers and plants ashamed of themselves and couldn't raise their heads in shame. Tang Xuanzong heard that there was a "beautiful woman who was ashamed of flowers" in the palace, and immediately summoned him and named him a concubine.

Since then, "Shame Flower" has become Yang Guifei's nickname. Mimosa is "ashamed" to see people, because of plant electricity. I want to talk about "Glory of Kings: Sanction System" with more like-minded people, pay attention to "excellent reading literature" on WeChat, talk about life, and find confidants~