Chapter 202 Tea Culture Two Changes

"Qin and Han dynasties: Western Han Dynasty, Wang Bao's "Covenant": "Cooking Tools", "Wuyang Buy", after examining the tea of the present, in the tomb of Mawangdui in Xiangdi, it was found that there were "?yi" and "?yizhi" bamboo slips and woodcuts in the funeral inventory, which were verified by "?" That is, the variant of "槚", which shows that Hunan drank tea quite widely at that time!"

"We are still drinking the same drink as our very old ancestors such as Jiang Taigong, which is indeed a very exciting thing and can give us a lot of reverie!"

"During the Song and Yuan dynasties: the tea area continued to expand, the skills of tea planting, tea making, and tea ordering were improved, the tea culture of the Song Dynasty was developed, and a number of tea works appeared, such as Cai Xiang's "Tea Record", Song Zi'an's "Dongxi Tea Trial Record", Huang Ru's "Tea Tasting Record", especially Song Huizong Zhao Ji's "Daguan Tea Treatise" and so on!"

"On the occasion of the Song and Yuan dynasties, Liu Songnian's "Lu Tong Cooking Tea" and Zhao Mengfu's "Tea Fight" are artistic treasures of Chinese tea culture!"

"In ancient historical materials, there are many names of tea, but "tea" is the correct name, the word "tea" is generally written as the word "荼" before the Middle and Tang Dynasty, and the word "荼" has a multi-semantic nature, indicating that tea is one of them!"

"Due to the development of tea production, the popularity of tea drinking is getting higher and higher, and the frequency of the use of tea words is also getting higher and higher.

"The word "tea" from the "荼" simplified sprout, originated in the Han Dynasty, in the ancient Han seal, some of the "荼" word has been subtracted a stroke, become the shape of the word "tea", not only the glyph, the pronunciation of "tea" has been established in the Western Han Dynasty!"

Such as the tea tomb in Hunan land, the Western Han Dynasty was Liu Xin's territory, commonly known as the "Tu" Wangcheng, was one of the 13 counties of Changsha at that time, called "Tu" Ling County. In the "Hanshu Geographical Chronicles", "Tu" is the "Tu" of the Mausoleum!

"Yan Shi's ancient note is: The sound is extravagant, and the sound is added to the opposite, this anti-cut phonetic, is now the pronunciation of the word "tea" 4,700, from this phenomenon, the establishment of the pronunciation of the word "tea" is earlier than the establishment of the glyph of the word "tea"!

"China is vast and rich, and there are many ethnic groups, so it is also colorful in language and writing, with multiple names for the same thing and multiple ways to write the same name!"

"In the ancient historical materials, there are many names about tea, to the Middle Tang Dynasty, the sound, shape and meaning of tea have tended to be unified, and later, because of the wide spread of Lu Yu's "Book of Tea", the glyph of "tea" has been further established, until today!"

"In the ancient Chinese literature, there are records about eating tea very early, and there are different names with different origins, the tea of China has been transmitted to foreign countries as early as the Western Han Dynasty, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty has sent envoys to the Indochina Peninsula, and the items brought are in addition to gold, brocade silk, and tea!"

"During the Yongming period of Emperor Wu of Qi during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Chinese tea was transmitted to Turkey with the export of silk and porcelain, and in the first year of Yongzhen of Tang Shunzong, the most Cheng Zen master returned to China and brought the tea seeds of China back to the Wa Kingdom. ”

"Later, tea continued to spread from China to all over the world, so that many countries began to grow tea, and there was a habit of drinking tea!"

"But there have been people who have been able to find evidence that the habit of drinking tea was not only invented by Chinese, but also invented in some other parts of the world, such as India and Africa!"

"In 1823, a major of the British ** army found a wild tea tree in India, so some people began to believe that the birthplace of tea is in India, at least in India, of course, there are records of wild tea trees in China, all concentrated in the southwest region, and the records also include individual areas of Gan and Hunan Province, tea tree is a very ancient dicot plant, closely related to people's lives!"

"In China, there is also a debate about the earliest origin of tea trees, there are several theories, many people think that in Yunnan, there is a scholar in the careful study of the research and assertion that Xishuangbanna in Yunnan is the origin of tea trees, and the earliest written record of artificial cultivation of tea trees began in the Mengshan tea of the Western Han Dynasty!"

"Yanzi Spring and Autumn • Inner Miscellaneous" is said to be "Yanzi Qi, ten liters of cloth, food of millet food, five eggs, moss and vegetables", thinking that tea drinking began in the Spring and Autumn Period, but "Yanzi Spring and Autumn" is not made by Qi Yanying, and it is difficult to establish at all!"

And Wan Weiting's "Sleepy School Chronicle Collection Evidence" volume eight clouds: "(Huai press) This book "Yanzi Spring and Autumn • Inner Chapter Miscellaneous" is made of three Yi and five Mao moss vegetables, and the examination of "Yulan" volume 867 is cited as tea, which is included in the tea matter...... "Although it is tea, it is said that it is tea, but it is not the tea of tea!"

"Therefore, the matter of tea drinking is not seen in the scriptures, and the world takes the poem "Who is bitter for tea", as the evidence of drinking tea, I don't know that this tea is the bitter herb, not the "bitter" tea, can not be crowned and Li Dai!"

"It seems that there is no wind of drinking tea in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, so "Zhou Li, Tianguan, and Jiazai First" says that the pulp man is for the king's six drinks, one is water, two is pulp, three is liquor, four is cool, five is medicine, and six is unitary, and tea has not yet been drunk!"

"Since the Han Dynasty, the record of drinking tea, from time to time, Wu Sun Hao drank the wine of the ministers in the Three Kingdoms, the rate was limited to seven liters, Wei Yao was only two liters, or for the reduction, or to give tea to be used as wine ("Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi, Wei Yao's Biography"), to the time of tea, I am afraid that it has been used to entertain guests, otherwise, in the banquet, how can there be tea?

Jin Zhanghua tasted "drinking real tea, making people sleep less" (Zhang Hua's "Naturalist Chronicles"), it is the Jin Dynasty also has the wind of drinking tea, so the rise of tea has a long history, Song Peihan's "Tea Narrative" said: "Tea began in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, flourished in the present dynasty (Song Dynasty)." "Solid error.

"Luoyang Jialanji" is said to drink tea in the Southern Dynasty Liang Wu Emperor Tianjian period, especially wrong, the so-called wind of drinking tea, began in the Han and Wei dynasties, prevailed in the Han and Wei dynasties, because the Northern and Southern Dynasties, this wind has not yet prevailed, what about the Han and Wei dynasties, the "Tea History Miscellaneous" two anecdotes are as follows:

"Qi Wang Xiao first entered Wei, do not eat mutton crispy, often rice fresh fish soup, thirsty to drink tea juice, Beijing Shizi, see Xiao a drink and a bucket, the number is leaky, and then Gaozu will eat mutton cheese porridge, Gaozu asked strangely, to the sun, sheep is the ancestor of land animals, fish is the head of the water tribe, the good is different, and each is treasured. ”

"Only the tea is not in the middle, and the cheese slave, Gao Zu laughed, because the tea drink is a cheese slave, he Peng Cheng Wang digging Xiao said: "Qing tomorrow I will set up a meal for the Qing (that is, fish) There are also butter slaves." ”

Huang Xianfan's "Preliminary Study on the Interpretation of Ancient Books" said: "After the Northern Dynasty, Wei Jing's master and scholar, when he saw Qi Wang Xiao drinking tea, he was weird, and the number was leaky; From the latter point of view, if You Yangte wants to prepare tea for Xiao Zhengde, it is rare and strange, and it is not a household product, which is at least enough to prove that it is not an ordinary thing!"