Chapter 19: Doctor Octopus's Nuclear Reactor
In fact, as Dr. Octavius said, nuclear fusion is indeed the most important energy source after nuclear fission, and the energy emitted is far greater than nuclear fission, only under the annihilation of antimatter.
The problem is that the conditions for the formation of nuclear fusion are too harsh, requiring high temperatures of more than 100 million degrees.
The hydrogen bomb is simple, composed of an atomic bomb and nuclear fusion materials, and the moment the atomic bomb is detonated, a high temperature of more than 100 million degrees is generated, and deuterium-tritium completes nuclear fusion naturally.
However, a fusion reactor is not a hydrogen bomb and cannot be ignited by an atomic bomb.
"The reaction vessel uses the laser ignition method, eight lasers, emitting the same wavelength of laser at the same time, forming laser harmonics, which can theoretically reach a high temperature of more than 100 million degrees."
"The temperature is the average of the particle motion, 100 million degrees of high temperature, you can imagine how violent the movement of fusion particles is, every particle hitting the wall of an ordinary container is a disaster, and deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion releases a neutron. At the same time, at high temperatures at the cosmic level, any matter will undergo mutations, molecules cannot exist independently, atoms, nuclei and peripheral electrons are separated, and it is conceivable that conventional containers simply cannot fit a reactor. ”
"Therefore, there are three kinds of unconventional containers, special restraint means, also called force field constraints, gravitational field constraints, inertial constraints, and magnetic constraints. The instrument directly passes the gravitational field on Earth, and in fact the star uses the gravitational field constraint; Inertial restraint is a pit, with a penny of output and a dime of input. So, the last option used by the stellarator is magnetic confinement. ”
"All electromagnetic can be attributed to the Tesla coil."
In fact, Tesla's position in physics is comparable to that of Newton and Einstein, Newton and Einstein are in gravity, while Tesla is in electromagnetic force, each occupying the two most common positions in life.
The essence of a stellarator is that a coil generates a strong magnetic field that restricts the movement of fusion particles in a closed runway.
It looks beautiful, the principle is simple, and the implementation scheme is there.
But.
"Then there is the third and most important question, how to allow the deuterium-tritium nuclei to burn on their own." Anna had studied fission reactions and knew that there was a critical volume for a chain reaction similar to a uranium block, and that hydrogen fusion also had a critical yield for self-sustaining combustion.
Anna looked up at Dr. Octavis, who was looking at her with great intent, Dr. Otto had not had a happy childhood, he did not show intellectual talent as a child, he was the first time he saw a genius who understood nuclear fusion at the age of 7.
If he had known that Anna had just glanced at nuclear fusion while preparing information on the nuclear reactor, he would have been so surprised that his eyes would have dropped.
"Your name is Anna, stand next to me." Dr. Octavius said, then he removed the cover from the mechanical tentacles and let Anna look at it: "Little Anna is mostly right, and I will add that we use high-temperature and high-pressure technology, which uses electromagnetic force to give pressure, and the central pressure can reach 50,000 standard atmospheres, so the temperature can be reduced slightly. As for the third question that little Anna asked, she got to the point. ”
Every uranium fission has a chance, the so-called chain reaction, that is, uranium fission produces neutrons to hit other uranium nuclei, inducing other fission, that is, one life two, two to three, infinite fission.
If there is no chain reaction, the fission reaction is not sustainable.
Similarly, without self-sustaining combustion, fusion is unsustainable and has no economic value.
When Stark Sr. was in charge of the atomic bomb, his name was the Canadian scientist Slotin, a member of a death squad, who measured it by hand. Today is different from the past, and now to engage in fusion, of course, you can't use your hands to grasp counting experiments.
Syllable...
Dr. Octavius tore down the blackboard, brushed and wrote down a line, a long formula, and drew an arrow, and Dr. Otto continued to write, presumably a mathematical physics probability equation, three lines, which occupied a whole blackboard, from top to bottom, from left to right: "You can try to calculate the collision phase transition point." ”
Anna bowed her head and squatted on the blackboard, taking the powder test and taking the test.
The entrepreneur standing in the front row took a look at it, and then looked away, the formula nose on the blackboard is not like a nose The eyes are not like the eyes, but more like the facial features are all twisted together, and they are dizzy to see, or the T-shaped account table looks a little more beautiful.
Norman Osborne looked at it carefully, and looked at it for a while, he himself was from an engineering background, but he thought that the small appearance was quite chic, and he didn't speak, but looked at Anna with a smile.
"Dr. Octavis, this is not a minimum equivalent formula, it is clearly an optimal control system theory."
"You know control system theory." Norman Osborne wondered how much the little girl had in her head.
He has no doubt that Dr. Octavis understands control systems, after all, science is a very personal matter, and most scientists, whether they are high-energy physics or biochemistry, are interdisciplinary doctors, just like Dr. Octavis, who is engaged in nuclear physics, but has designed mechanical tentacles, and has reached the Nobel Prize-level masters, almost all of whom are all-rounders.
Look at Anna again, how old is she, 7 years old, according to the theory of 10,000 hours, that is, five years, even if she starts learning in her mother's womb, it is impossible to become an expert in two sciences.
It's a miracle.
Anna has only one idea now, she feels that Dr. Octavis's mind is very bad, bullying Anna to be a novice in nuclear fusion theory, and she specializes in pit Anna. The minimum equivalent calculation formula uses a simplified model, how can it be possible to use second-order partial differentiation, or nonlinearity.
This guy is here to trick people.
Unfazed by the fact that Dr. Octavius had seen through it, he grabbed the chalk and wrote down another simplified formula.
"360 seconds." Anna blurted out, it's as simple as it gets, isn't it just a probabilistic model, and the probability of collision exceeds the cut-off point, even if it can burn on its own.
"Yes, unlike the minimum yield of nuclear fission, light nuclear fusion calculates a stable combustion time, as long as it exceeds 360 seconds, nuclear fusion can sustain self-sustaining combustion."
"Tritium nuclei are used to reduce the steady combustion time." Anna understood when she thought about it
Dr. Octavius praised him heartily: "Anna, you will definitely be at the top of the scientific community in the future." Tritium nuclei are similar to chemical catalysts, and when added to tritium nuclei, they can increase reactivity by a factor of 20. However, it stands to reason that a genius like you should have been famous all over the world a long time ago, why haven't I heard of it? ”
The great reputation still comes from the always demanding Dr. Otto, and even Norman Osborne was surprised at this time.
The bearded businessman asked the people around him about the wonder girl, and one of them opened the YouTube video and pointed out the little protagonist of the World Future Science Prospects Lecture.
Anna wanted to complain, and for an hour at the same table in the meeting between the two, Dr. Otto still knew himself for the first day, how obsessed he was with his own world.
After saying that, Dr. Octavius pointed to the nonlinear second-order partial differential equation and said, "If you solve it, I'll tell you the secret of the mechanical tentacles." ”
"Yes, I want to export the source code of the manipulator control chip."