Of course, the reality of Hakugull Harbor cannot be completely copied from the theory and experience of the earth. As far as the observation of Roland Bend is concerned www.biquge.info the discount rate set by various commercial banks is relatively high, and it is the norm to be higher than the loan interest rate, which means that the threshold for loans is very high, and the discount procedure is relatively simpler.

What does this mean? It shows that the bankers in Baiou Harbor have formed monopoly guilds, the financial market lacks free competition, the loan threshold is too high, which leads to the high discount rate, and most of the borrowers are in a weak position. This phenomenon is not difficult to understand, after all, this is not the earth of the 21st century, there is no "central bank" that provides "rediscounting" services in Baiou Port, financial capital is still in the stage of barbaric growth, and there are no rules to talk about many things.

Bankers are indeed greedy, but at least they have more conscience than those blatant "vampires" who blatantly lend usury, otherwise why would the business travelers from all over the world go to the trouble of taking bills to come here for discounting, wouldn't it be more convenient to go directly to the local usury merchants? Besides, you have come all the way, if you give up the discount because the interest rate is too high, won't the travel expenses and accommodation expenses be spent in vain? Calculate carefully, or can only endure the pain to bow to the bank, otherwise you will lose more, for those small traders who hold bills and urgently need to discount, stretching out their heads and shrinking their heads is also a knife, which is nothing more than "overcharged three or five buckets".

In addition to insurance and discounting, Yangbo Family Bank also has a more important business of "remittance".

What is money transfer?

Suppose you want to remit money from Bank A to Bank B, but there is no business transaction between Bank A and Bank B, but there are funds between Bank C and Bank A and Bank B, then your remittance will be remitted to Bank C first, and Bank C will transfer your remittance to Bank B.

The key to this business is why Bank A and Bank B cannot communicate directly, and why do they have to ask Bank C to charge a handling fee?

There are many factors that contribute to this situation. For example, the country where Bank A and Bank B are located is in a hostile state, and political and diplomatic factors force financial institutions to be severely restricted.

At this time, if the country where Bank C is located is a friendly country with both countries A and B, and the business dealings between Bank C and Bank A and B are not restricted by the policy, then it can play the role of a transit station + refuge. For example, during the "Seven Years' War", the financial institutions in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, played the role of "transfer banks" between Britain and France, and continuously transferred French assets to Britain......

In the underdeveloped environment of Varess World, many small and medium-sized banks are only local financial institutions, for example, Bank A's business is mainly concentrated in Yinfan City, and there is no office in the colonial province of Wilnoa in the New World, so what should I do if I want to do business with a local bank in Wilnoa? It is necessary to rely on a large financial institution with branches in the Bende League and the New World and with international influence to transfer money on behalf of the Bende League, and among the dozens of large and small financial institutions in the Bende League, only the Yangbo family bank is large enough to play this role, so the transfer business of the Bende League is almost monopolized by it, and it does not need to pay any cost to enjoy huge profits.

Remittance is a business transaction between banks, so if there is a lack of mutual trust between the two parties to a private transaction, can the bank be asked to intervene to provide guarantee?

Roland carefully inspected the various financial institutions on the trading floor and was surprised to find that none of them had taken the initiative to provide credit guarantee services for transoceanic trade! As a trading city-state with a relatively developed financial industry, it is unbelievable that Baiou Port has such a business shortcoming!

With a full of confusion, Roland asked Liuba tentatively: "The buyers and sellers of transoceanic trade often don't know each other, if I am the buyer and you are the seller, we met for the first time at the trade fair today, I want to buy 100,000 gold coins worth of wool from you, and promise to pay after the goods arrive, are you willing to make this transaction?" ”

Liu Ba's face was embarrassed: "It is normal to sell on credit in transoceanic trade, but we don't know each other, as soon as you open your mouth, you want to give 100,000 gold coins on credit, your appetite is too big, right?" You are a freshface in Baiougang, and you don't have a background in a big chamber of commerce, so I don't dare to take this business for fear of being deceived. ”

Roland was not surprised by her answer, and then asked, "In this case, what do you do to close the deal smoothly?" ”

"Generally speaking, the buyer has to pay at least 30% of the deposit in advance, and it is best to find a reliable local person as a guarantee."

Roland shook his head again and again: "It is impossible to pay a deposit of 30% in advance, first of all, I can't turn over so much cash for a while, and then it is cumbersome and unsafe to bring so much cash on my body, and I can't find an acquaintance here to be a guarantee." ”

"You can pay the deposit with a money order, and the Yangbo Family Bank also has a branch in the New World, so you can deposit the money in the branch there, and take the money order to cash in the same way as the head office here."

"That's not good, in case you withdraw the deposit after receiving the money order, sell the goods to someone else and run away, who will I go to complain?" Roland is very familiar with the spot and usance bill payment system, and immediately found its potential risks in international trade to attack: "In principle, the bank only bears the responsibility for exchange, and will not consider whether the transaction itself is designed to comply with the contract rules signed by both parties, for example, the wool you shipped to me is of poor quality, and I found that it does not match the quality stipulated in the contract after I inspected the goods, and the bank does not care about this lawsuit, as long as the bill of exchange is due, even if the bank knows that you are shoddy, it will collect the bill and cash the real money to you, So who do I go to for the loss I suffered? ”

"There is also this situation, but the bill of exchange is a point-to-point contract between you and me, the bank as a third party only assumes the role of transfer, not a notary or prosecutor, if you want to sue me about the quality of the goods, you should go to the commercial court to file a lawsuit, why bother the bank." Lyuba argued.

Roland sneered, "So I deserve to take more risks under the existing trade model, and the banks are at ease and ignore it?" Don't need to think about offering a new type of service to help me control risk and reduce transaction costs? If you push one step at a time, if you don't push it, you bankers in Baiou Harbor are so bureaucratic? You'd better understand that the financial industry is a tool to provide services for business and trade, and if bankers don't take the initiative to improve their service levels, or even turn against customers, they regard themselves as the masters of industrial and commercial entities, and treat financial institutions as government agencies, thinking that they can easily make money while lying down, then with all due respect, it will be over sooner or later! ”

His criticism was sharp and sharp, and Liu Ba's face changed when he heard it, and he was in a trance for a long time before he bitterly defended: "Your criticism is very reasonable, but many deep-rooted factors have formed prejudices, and it is difficult to make changes immediately, just take the hypothetical transaction between us, there is a lack of trust between each other, and there are many uncertain risks in the transaction, because of this, strangers will not do a big deal at the beginning, they all start with a small business, and gradually establish a relationship of mutual trust, and after a few cooperations, they feel that the other party is credible, then they can increase the trade quota." It has become a long-term business partner. ”

"This process of building mutual trust is often very long, and the long process of mutual trust itself is a manifestation of the high transaction costs." Roland pointed out the crux of the problem.

"This is also a matter of no way, even if the first few transactions between the two sides go smoothly, it is difficult to guarantee that there will be no fraud in the future, some clever scammers play like this, first give some small profits to lure you to the bait, really when he is honest and reliable, and when you relax your vigilance, send him a large amount of goods on credit, he disappeared overnight, then you know that you have been deceived, but there is no help." Liuba sighed, her depressed demeanor suggesting that she had fallen for such a deception, and was once bitten by a snake for ten years and was afraid of the well rope.

"There are many such fraudsters, people have learned to be careful, large transactions are not done by acquaintances, you see the businessmen here, when they introduce themselves, the first sentence always says, 'I am from a certain family, a certain tycoon is my father, a certain bigwig is my father-in-law......" (to be continued. )