With the unremitting efforts of Confucius, ten of the best students were finally cultivated: Yan Zi, Zi Qian, Bo Niu, Zhong Gong, Zi You, Zi Gong, Zi Lu, Zi I, Zi You, and Zi Xia.

These ten people are called "Confucius Ten Philosophers" by later generations.

But! Some of these ten people were not cultivated by Confucius in the past 15 years, and several were trained later.

There is also a saying: Seventy-two sages of Confucius. In fact! More than seventy-two sages.

The sages of Confucius are as follows: Ziqian, Ran Geng, Ran Yong, Ran Qiu, Zhong You, Zai Yu, Duanmu Ci, Zi You, Zi Xia, Zi Zhang, Zeng Shen, Zhantai Zhanming, Mi Buqi, Zisi, Gongye Chang, Nangong Kuo, Gong Hui Ai, Zeng Qi, Yan Wuxian, Shang Qu, Gao Chai, Qi Diao Kai, Zi Zhou, Sima Geng, Fan Xu, Zi You, Gong Xi Chi, Wu Ma Shi, Liang Feng, Ran Ru, Cao Xi, Bo Qian, Zi Chan, Gongzu Juzi, Qin Zu, Qi Diao, Yan Gao, Lacquer Carving Apprentice, Yang Sichi, Shang Ze, Shi Zuoshu, Ren Buqi, Gongliang Ru, Hou, Qin Ran, Gongxia Shou, Xi Rongzhen, Gong Beiding, Yan Zu, Wu Dan, Ju Jingjiang, Han Fu Hei, Qin Shang, Shen Dang, Yan Zhifu, Rong Qi, Xian Cheng, Zuo Renying, Yan Ling, Zheng Bang, Qin Fei, Shi Zhichang, Yan Xu, Bu Shucheng, Yuan Kang, Le Zhen, Lian Jie, Shu Zhonghui, Yan He, Di Hei, Bang Xun, Kong Zhong, Gongxi Yuru......

There are three thousand disciples, and Fang Jishi's two sons, Fang Zhong and Fang Shu, are all students of Confucius. Other than that! Zi Nian, Zhang Shanfeng, He Lian and others also studied with Confucius.

Introduction to the Ten Philosophies of Confucius:

The face of the ten philosophers of Confucius returned

From 521 BC to 481 BC, he was honored with the title of Yanzi and the word Ziyuan. At the age of fourteen, he worshiped Confucius as his teacher, and was the most proud protégé of Confucius.

The Analects? Yongye said that he "...... A spoonful of food, a scoop of drink, in the alleys, people are unbearable, and they will not change their pleasure ......". He is humble and studious, "not angry, not offended". Confucius praised him as "virtuous, Hui Ye", "Hui Ye, his heart does not violate benevolence in three months" ("Yongye"). Unfortunately early death.

In 481 B.C., Yan Hui died before Confucius and was buried in front of Dongfang Mountain in Lucheng. Confucius was deeply saddened by his early death and could not help lamenting; "Yikes! Heaven forbid! Heaven forbid! ”

Yan Hui did not serve as an official in his life, nor did he leave a hand-me-down, and his only words were collected in books such as the Analects, and his thoughts were basically the same as those of Confucius. Later generations revered it as "resurrection".

Min Ziqian, the ten philosophers of Confucius

536 B.C. - 487 B.C., the name loss, the word Ziqian, the honorific title Minzi. In Confucius, he is known as one of the ten philosophers of Confucius and one of the seventy-two sages of Confucius.

His ancestral home was in the country of Lu, and he later lived in the Xiangyi of the Song Kingdom. His ancestor was the fourth generation of Lu Mingong, the fourth monarch of the Lu State, and his father Min Shigong was the eighth ancestor.

Min Zi is praised by people, mainly for his filial piety, as one of the twenty-four filial sons, Confucius praised: "Filial piety, Min Ziqian! A man is not inferior to the words of his parents."

In the "Twenty-four Filial Piety Pictures" compiled by the Yuan Dynasty, Min Ziqian ranked third.

The Ten Philosophers of Confucius

Ran Geng, 544 BC-? , the word Bo Niu. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Guotao is a native of Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province. A disciple of Confucius, one of the representatives of the four branches of Confucius, "virtue", was worshiped by Confucianism. After suffering from a serious disease, Confucius personally visited him and deeply regretted that he was dying.

Ran Qiu (Ziyou), Ran Yong (Zhonggong) and Ran Geng (Bo Niu) are all among the ten philosophers of Confucius, known as "one door and three sages".

The Ten Philosophers of Confucius

Ran Yong, 522 BC-?, Lu Guotao in the late Spring and Autumn Period of China, is a native of Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province, and his name is Zhonggong. The descendant of Shaohao, the son of King Wen of Zhou, Ran Ji, passed to Ran Li, and lived in the "Yang of Heze", known as "Liniu", and was sacrificed by Confucianism.

and Ran Geng (Bo Niu) and Ran Qiu (Ziyou) are among the ten philosophers of Confucius, and they are known as "one door and three sages".

The sons of the ten philosophers of Confucius have

Ran Qiu, 522 BC-?year: the word has, commonly known as "Ran You", and the honorific title is "Ran Zi". Lu Guotao, now a native of Ranqi Village, Ranqi Town, Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province. The descendant of Ran Jizai, the tenth son of King Wen of Zhou.

Known for political affairs. Versatile, especially good at financial management, once served as the chief minister of the Ji family.

In 484 BC, he led the left division to resist the invasion of the Qi army, and took the lead in the victory with the assault tactics of infantry holding spears, and took the opportunity to persuade Ji Kangzi to welcome back Confucius, who had been in exile for 14 years.

Ran Qiu (Ziyou), Ran Yong (Zhonggong) and Ran Geng (Bo Niu) are all among the ten philosophers of Confucius, known as "one door and three sages".

Gong, the son of the ten philosophers of Confucius

Duanmu Ci, 520 BC - 456 BC: compound surname Duanmu, Zigong.

In the late Spring and Autumn Period, he was a native of Jun County, Hebi City, Henan Province.

Confucius's proud protégé, one of the ten philosophers of Confucius, and one of the disciples of "karma", Confucius once called it "the instrument of Hulian".

Zigong is famous for his words in the ten philosophers of Confucius, clever words, good at eloquence, and has the ability to help people, and is well-versed in affairs, and has served as the minister of Lu and the country. He is also good at business, once did business between Cao and Lu, and was rich and rich, and was the richest man among Confucius's disciples.

There are many records of his words and deeds in the Analects, and the Historical Records speak highly of him.

The road of the son of the ten philosophers of Confucius

Zhong You, 542 BC - 480 BC, Zizi Road, and Ziji Road. Lu Guobian is a native of Surabaya County, Jining City, Shandong Province.

Zhong You is known for his political affairs, upright, and courageous, and follows Confucius to travel around the world.

In the 40th year of King Jing of Zhou, the fifteenth year of Duke Lu Ai, and in 480 years ago, Wei Chao, father and son competed for the throne, in order to save his lord Wei out of the princess, he was killed by Kuai Shen and cut into meat paste. On the third day of the first month of March, he was killed and buried in Yuanyuan, now Puyang, Henan.

The story of the gentleman's death, the crown is inevitable:

Zhong by the beginning of the Shilu, the rear guard. When Confucius served as the secretary of the Lu State, he served as the prime minister of the Jisun clan, and later served as the chief minister of the doctor Kong Yan. In the first year of Weizhuang (480 BC), Kong Yi's mother Bo Ji conspired with others to establish Kuai Yu (Bo Ji's brother) as the king, and coerced Kong Yan to kill Wei out of the public and fled after hearing the news. After Zhong You heard the news outside, he went into the city to see Kuai, and Kuai ordered Shi Qi to shoot down Zilu Guanying, Zilu said: "The gentleman is dead, and the crown is inevitable." "Even if a gentleman is dying, he must be neatly dressed" was chopped into meat sauce in the process of tying his hat.

I, the son of the Ten Philosophers of Confucius

Zai Yu, 522-458 BC), the character me, also known as Zai I. He was allowed by Confucius to be a highly talented student in his "speech" department, ranking in front of Zigong.

"Dacheng Tongzhi" records that Zai Yu Xiao Confucius was 29 years old, able to speak well, once traveled around the world from Confucius, and was often sent by Confucius during his travels to make envoys to Qi and Chu.

He was studious and thoughtful, good at asking questions, and was the only one of Confucius's disciples who had ever challenged Confucius's teachings head-on. He pointed out that Confucius's system of "three years of mourning" was undesirable. said: "Three years of mourning is a long time coming. If a gentleman does not give a courtesy for three years, the courtesy will be bad; If you don't have fun for three years, the happiness will collapse", so it was thought that it could be changed to "one year of mourning", which was criticized by Confucius as "unkind". (See Analects? Yang goods").

The son of the ten philosophers of Confucius

Yan Yan, 506 BC - 443 BC, Ziyou, also known as Shushi. In the spring and autumn period, Wu Di was often acquainted. The only southern disciple among the 72 sage disciples of Confucius. He was good at literature, served as the commander of the martial arts of Lu State, expounded the doctrine of Confucius, educated the people with ritual music, and there was the sound of string songs everywhere in the territory, which was praised by Confucius. Confucius Zeng Yun: "My door has Yan, and I have the south."

Xia, the son of the Ten Philosophers of Confucius

布 (bǔ) Shang (507 BC—?) : The character Zi Xia, the honorific title "Bu Zi" or "Bu Zi Xia". At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wen Di of the Jin Kingdom, a native of Wen County, Henan Province, is a native of Wen County, a patriotic person. Gloomy personality, brave and martial, and a person who is "good and virtuous". Known for his "literature", he was once the father of Ju.

Among the disciples of Confucius, Zixia did not adhere to the way of Confucius like Yan Hui and Zeng Shen. He was an original thinker.

His student Yu Huali was later the chief disciple of the Mo family. It can be seen from some that Zixia's thinking is far from Confucius.

(End of chapter)