Jingshi Law School? Sun Yuanqi was a little puzzled: Isn't this school no longer there?

Jingshi Law School is the first government-run law school in China. Welcome to Reading// At that time, in view of the Gengzi National Revolution and the humiliation of the emperor and queen Xijiao, the Qing government began to inspire changes and implement new policies, including legal innovation. In the thirtieth year of Guangxu (1904), the imperial court approved the establishment of a revised law museum, which deleted the old imperial laws and referred to foreign laws to draft a civil and criminal code suitable for the new situation.

With the comprehensive deepening of legal reform, the contradiction of the shortage of legal talents has become increasingly apparent, so cultivating a large number of legal talents who can connect China and the West has become the top priority to ensure the comprehensive revision of the old law and the implementation of the new law. In the third year of the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), Shen Jiaben, a famous jurist in the late Qing Dynasty and minister of law revision, submitted a petition to the imperial court and requested funds to set up a law school, which opened up the precursor of the creation of the law and politics school in the late Qing Dynasty.

Shen Jiaben's recital was eventually approved by the imperial court. After more than a year of intense preparations, the Law School finally officially opened in October of the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), for which the Qing court specially rewarded a copy of the "Collection of Ancient and Modern Books" as a congratulatory gift for the opening of the Law School. In the second year, the Law School was changed from being under the Law Museum to being directly under the Ministry of Law, and officially renamed the "Jingshi Law School".

According to the provisions of the "Regulations of the Law School Established by the Minister of Revision", the school has two kinds of courses: specialized courses and accelerated courses, and the members of various subordinates of the imperial court are admitted to the school to study, and after graduation, they are sent to the provinces to administer the new policy. Among them, the three-year science concentration is very similar to the curriculum of today's law schools; The accelerated scientific system lasts for one and a half years, and only 14 core courses, such as the laws of the Qing Dynasty and the Tang and Ming dynasties, the current legal system and the evolution of the legal system of the past dynasties, the general theory of law, the general idea of the Constitution, and the criminal law, are designed to enable the trainees to become legal talents urgently needed by the government in a short period of time.

The establishment of the Jingshi Law School cultivated a large number of legal talents for China at that time, made a certain contribution to the development of China's legal system, and the talents it cultivated also played a great role in the later political and legal movements. However, the law school only opened two classes, A and B, with about 500 graduates, and was suspended before class C could be opened, and the students were merged into the Jingshi Law and Politics School.

Founded in the 33rd year of Guangxu (1 year), the Jingshi Law and Politics School is a specialized school established by the Faculty with the purpose of "cultivating complete legal and political generalists". But it did not exist for long, and in the hands of Sun Yuanqi in the first year of the Republic of China, it was renamed the current Beijing College of Law and Politics.

It can be said that the Jingshi Law School has long been a bygone day, why did Wang Xiluan deliberately put this school in front of his name at this time? Sun Yuanqi understood what he meant after a little thought: he came to petition on behalf of the Jingshi Law School. What should come will come! Sun Yuanqi took a deep breath and said to the doorman: "Please!" ”

The Jingshi Law School was established only six years ago, and Wang Xiluan, as a graduate of the school, initially thought that he was a hot-blooded young man in his prime. Who knew that a moment later, a middle-aged man in his thirties and forties came in, who looked a little older than Sun Yuanqi, bowed respectfully and saluted: "Houxue Wang Xiluan greets Mr. Sun!" ”

- Originally, the students of the Jingshi Law School were all in-service civil servants from various ministries and commissions of the central government, so they were generally older. According to statistics, among the school's first class of 225 graduates, the oldest is 53 years old, the youngest is 18 years old, and the 30-year-old age group is the most. Wang Xiluan was still relatively young in that session.

Sun Yuanqi hurriedly returned the salute and said, "Brother Wang is too polite!" Forgive Sun for his clumsiness, I don't know where Brother Wang is? Why are you visiting today? ”

Wang Xiluan replied: "Houxue's surname is Wang Xiluan, and the word is tenacious, and he is from Lingui, Guangxi. Guangxu Bingwu (1906) was admitted to the Beijing Normal Law School to study, and after graduation, he studied as the chief of the division, and now serves as the secretary of the Beijing Normal Higher Prosecutor's Office, and teaches part-time at the Beijing Law and Political College in his spare time. Wang is an ordinary man, so it is naturally difficult to enter the eyes of Mr. Wang. Today, I took the liberty to ask for a meeting, and I was stupid about the regulations of the Central Society on the mutual election of members, and I wanted to ask Mr. Yu for advice. ”

Wang Xiluan? Mutual Selection? Sun Yuanqi suddenly remembered a news item on the "Declaration" a few days ago.

It is said that before Sun Yuanqi arrived in Beijing, the graduates of the former Jingshi Law School took the lead in holding a preliminary election for members of the Central Society in Beijing, and elected Wang Xiluan by secret ballot, and proposed: "In the future official election of the Central Society, all the students of our school should vote for Wang Jun, so as to help Wang Jun be successfully elected and bring glory to my law school."

Everyone present cheered and applauded. Who knew that it didn't take long for Sun Yuanqi to promulgate a list of colleges and universities with mutual selection qualifications, and Jingshi Law School was not on the list at all. The previous caucus meeting was like a group of eunuchs going to the Qinglou, which became a joke across the country.

Sun Yuanqi knew in his heart: "The mutual election of members of the society involves the development and evolution of China's higher education, which is inherently complicated, and Sun is also working behind closed doors, and there will inevitably be errors and omissions in the relevant regulations. Please also ask Brother Ren to give me advice! ”

Wang Xiluan lowered his posture and asked: "One of the questions of the post-graduate students is why Beijing Law and Political Science College is in the list of colleges and universities with mutual selection qualifications, but one of its predecessors, Jingshi Law School, is not among them?" Although the Jingshi Law School no longer exists, according to Wang's personal experience, the Jingshi Law School should meet the conditions of the "Central Society Law" and the "Detailed Rules for Mutual Election". ”

"Brother Ren, please wait a moment." After that, Sun Yuan got up and rummaged through the bookshelf, then took out a few pages and handed them to Wang Xiluan: "These are the differences between Mr. Shen Ji's (Shen Jiaben) in the 31st year of Guangxu (1QC5) and the "Deletion of the Law in the Law" to the imperial court, the "Preparation for the Establishment of the Law School" in the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906) by his uncle and grandfather Wen Zhenggong (Sun Jianai) and the "Constitution" at the beginning of the establishment of your school. The purpose is to cultivate the personnel who have studied the Chinese law, have political knowledge, and have sufficient application for the purpose.

"Please pay attention to the words 'subordinates,' have been officers! This fully shows that the students of your school are selected from the incumbents of various ministries at that time, not students, and obviously do not meet the "Mutual Selection Rules" of "students who have graduated from secondary school or have graduated from secondary school", so Jingshi Law School should not be included in the list of institutions with mutual selection qualifications. I wonder if Brother Ren has any objections? ”

Wang Xiluan said: "I think that there are two points in the content of your explanation, sir, which are worth discussing. First, the issue of the identity of students in the Jingshi Law School. Although we were already in the official position before entering the school, we were separated from the officialdom when we entered the examination, and after entering the school, we became students, and there was no difference between "officials" and "students". Why should the Central Societies force themselves apart from each other?

"Second, the question of secondary school graduation or having secondary school graduation level. Although we are not talented, we can enter the office, and most of them have the fame of tribute, supervisor, and talent. I only hate that I was born at the wrong time, and when I was studying, I only had private schools and colleges, and there was no middle school; The only books I read were the Four Books and the Five Classics, and there was no chemistry or physics. Now Mr. is a middle school rule, which is too harsh. ”

Sun Yuan rubbed his fingers against the stubble on his chin, and said word by word: "Brother Ren, you are a graduate of the Jingshi Law School, the secretary of the Jingshi Higher Procuratorate, and a part-time teacher at the Beijing Law and Political College. As a legal officer, you should be able to understand the truth better than anyone else, because the legal provisions are the most rigorous, nails are rivets, and there is no room for sloppiness. For example, the Criminal Law stipulates that the death penalty is not applicable to persons under the age of 18 at the time of the crime, and although they are both 18 years old, can the age of 18 before the crime be the same as the age of 18 after the crime?

In the same way, the "Central Society Act" and the "Mutual Election Rules" were both deliberated by the Provisional Senate and issued by the Cabinet of Ministers, which clearly stipulate that students must be students before admission, and students before enrollment and students after enrollment are completely different. How can you say that there is no difference between 'officials' and 'students'? Furthermore, who is not a student after enrollment? ”

Wang Xiluan's face suddenly turned blue and white.

Sun Yuanqi said: "Of course, it is too harsh for you to say that you did not have physics, chemistry, or secondary school before to be limited by graduating from middle school or having a secondary school graduation level, which is indeed very reasonable. However, since the abolition of the imperial examination and the promotion of new learning in the 31st year of Guangxu (1QC5) of the former Qing Dynasty, private schools and academies have gradually declined, and have been replaced by various primary and secondary schools. ”

Wang Xiluan said angrily: "According to what Mr. Sun said, those senior scholars who have written books and books have never been able to attend the Central Society for the rest of their lives because they have not gone to colleges and universities and have not studied physical chemistry? ”

-Yuan Qi said with a smile: "If Brother Ren wants to be elected as a member of the Central Society, it is not only a college graduate!" The "Law of the Central Society" and the "Detailed Rules for Mutual Selection" clearly stipulate that in addition to graduates of institutions of higher learning, those who have special works that have been evaluated by the Central Society are also eligible for mutual selection. Those who wrote about the same body were not excluded from the Central Society. ”

Wang Xiluan said: "What if some senior Shuoru did not write or did not write easily, so that no writings came out? Like Mr. Tinglin (Gu Yanwu), a great Confucian in the early Qing Dynasty, he has accumulated more than 30 years to compile a compilation of "Daily Knowledge"; Mr. Qianqiu (Yan Ruoxuan) wrote the eight volumes of "Shangshu Ancient Texts and Evidence", which has also been immersed for more than 30 years, which is the crux of it. If it were according to today's law, wouldn't they be famous all over the world, but they would not be allowed to attend the church?

Or maybe some of the writings of the Elder Shuo are not recognized by the academic community for the time being? For example, Mr. Qianqiu's "Ancient Texts of Shangshu and Ancient Texts" was ridiculed by Mr. Xihe (Mao Qiling), who is known for his erudition, as "searching for songs, blowing hair, and exercising into prison, and wrote "Ancient Texts and Books" for the book; After that, Mr. Wangxi (Fang Bao)'s "Reading Ancient Texts and Books" and Mr. Oubei's (Zhao Yi)'s "Chenyu Cong Kao" were refuted. If he were to follow today's law, wouldn't he have no hope of learning it all his life? ”

Sun Yuanqi said: "Those scholars who say but do not do it do not hate to leave their writings in their hearts, and I think that the name of the members of the Central Society is even more abandoned, so we don't have to worry too much." For those who are truly knowledgeable and cannot be recognized by the public for the time being, we can also directly nominate the president and vice president of the Central Society to be elected as honorary members, so as to avoid regrets. Of course, no matter how hard the society tries, there will always be some outstanding scholars who will not be selected, which is inevitable in any dynasty and no country. We will try our best to select outstanding scholars in a fair and impartial manner, through a variety of selection channels and evaluation methods, to avoid regrets. ”

Wang Xiluan nodded slightly, and then asked: "There is another question below, now there is only one gentleman in the Central Society, how can a special author pass the evaluation of the Central Society?" Is it the intention of the gentleman to judge the writings of all the scholars in the country alone? ”