Excavations by Chinese archaeologists along the coast of the East China Sea indicate that there was a time when the coastline was farther away than it is today.

The record of this great flood in ancient China:

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Sea Chapter" records: "The flood is monstrous, and the cangs steal the soil to annihilate the floods." ”

"Mencius Teng Wengong" recorded: "When the time of spare, the world is still not peaceful. The flood is flowing across the world, and the water is flooding China.

Nuwa mends the sky——

In addition to Dayu's flood control, another famous flood in our country appeared in the story of Nuwa mending the sky. "Huainanzi Lan Yin Xun" said: "When looking at the ancient times, the four poles are wasted, Kyushu is split, the sky is not covered, the earth is not circumferential, the fire is not extinguished, and the water is not stopped. Beasts eat the people, and birds grab the old and weak. So Nuwa refined the five-color stone to make up for the sky, and the broken ao was enough to set up the four poles, kill the black dragon to help Jizhou, and accumulate ashes to stop **. The sky is supplemented, the four poles are positive, ** dry, Jizhou is flat, the cunning insect dies, the people's livelihood is gone, the back of Fangzhou, hugging the round sky. ”

The legend of the Great Flood of the Ami tribe, also known as the legend of the Flood of Sakiraya, is said that a long time ago, the gods wanted people to worship the gods before important festivals, but the successive harvests made people forget to worship the gods, and the gods were furious and sent floods, which flooded many tribes, and one of the tribal chiefs led his people to climb the high mountains of Sakiraya for refuge, but the flood continued to rise, and then the chief received instructions from the gods to ask for a man and a woman as sacrifices, and the chief's daughter and a young man sacrificed their lives to allow the Sakilayas to multiply。

Atayal legend says that their ancestors were born in Pasvaka in the primeval era

，Pasvaka

It means that the stone cracks, and a man and a woman are born, and a man and a woman are married, giving birth to the ancestors of the Atayal tribe, and many children and grandchildren are born. One day, the sky suddenly rained heavily, everywhere was invaded by floods, people fled to the top of Daba Jianshan, found a brother and sister, violated the taboo to get married, the tribe threw them into the water, the water immediately receded, and formed two rivers, one is the male river (Da'an River), the other is the female river (Dajia River).

The Mondenya, the largest group of American Indians, and the Norther Indians of southern California have similar flood legends. In the mythological memory of mankind, this great flood was overwhelming and very vast and magnificent. According to the statistics of relevant experts, there are more than 50 known flood myths and legends in the world. Most of them have a clear context and complete narratives, and it has been verified that most of the flood legends were formed independently, that is, they were purely oral narratives of their own people, and had nothing to do with a certain dominant culture.

The focus of the controversy mainly focuses on two most basic issues: First, was there a world flood in the ancient early Ming era? Second, how did the popular legend of the Great Flood originate? There are three more influential theories:

Kramer and other scholars believe that the worldwide flood is purely non-existent, and that most of the flood legends in various places originated from the Sumerians in the valley of the two rivers. They are based on archaeological finds. Sumerian clay tablets, which contain the earliest flood legends, were discovered at the beginning of this century, and then excavated in the Sumerian ancient city of your, an 11-foot-thick layer of sand was discovered underground. It is believed that it was deposited by a catastrophic flood in the valley of the two rivers around 4500 B.C., and the flood also submerged a prehistoric people called Ubodian. Therefore, Kramer and others are convinced that the Sumerian flood story is a memory left by this catastrophe, which is exaggerated by folklore as the Great Flood of the world. This story gradually evolved into a worldwide cultural phenomenon through circulation among many peoples, including the ancient Babylonians and Jews.

The other opinion is diametrically opposed. They believe that when the Earth's Quaternary glaciation began to recede before 12,020, the climate warmed, glaciers melted and flooded, and the sea continued to rise, engulfing the outcropping continental shelves and land bridges, and widespread sea flooding, inundating many coasts and parts of the land. So the great flood of the world did happen, but it did not reach the point of inundating everything. At that time, the people who lived by the sea and water suffered huge losses and were forced to migrate to the highlands, which brought with them terrible flood stories. As a result, most parts of the world have legends about the Great Flood of the world. The many relics of civilization submerged under the sea and the traces of sea immersion are strong arguments for this theory.

In addition, a group of scholars represented by Fuller in Britain proposed that a world flood was possible. They believe that the origins of the various flood stories are different and that they have a common origin. In various parts of the ancient world, tsunamis caused by volcanic earthquakes, swelling of the sea caused by hurricanes, and floods caused by heavy rain or snowmelt could not have been told by the people who suffered from them as the Great World Flood. Moreover, many of the stories are not purely myths, but the result of subjective imagination, and are therefore believable.

Hua Feng knows that human beings have also built temporary bases on the Earth's moon moon, and the moon may have been formed about 4.5 billion years ago, shortly after the formation of the earth, there are several hypotheses about its origin, and the theory supported by more factual evidence is that it was formed by the debris produced by a huge impact between the earth and the Mars-sized celestial body - "Theia", and gathered in the outer periphery of the earth to form the "Great Collision Origin Theory".

The front side of the moon is dotted with huge impact craters filled with basalt lava flows ejected from dark volcanoes, forming a vast plain called the "Moon Sea", in fact, there is not a drop of water in the "Moon Sea". Between the outer and lunar seas are bright, ancient plagioclase highlands and conspicuous impact craters.

It is the brightest object in the sky other than the Sun, and although it appears a very bright white, its surface is actually very dark and the reflectivity is only slightly higher than that of old asphalt. Because the moon is very conspicuous in the sky, coupled with the regular changes in the phases of the moon, it has had a significant impact on human culture such as myths and legends, religious beliefs, philosophical thoughts, calendar compilation, literature, art, and customs and traditions since ancient times.

The rotation of the Moon is equal to the period of revolution (known as tidal locking), so the Moon always faces the Earth on the same side. The Earth's ocean tides arise mainly due to the gravitational pull of the Moon.

Because the tidal force of the earth's oceans is opposite to the direction of the earth's rotation, the earth's rotation is always subjected to an extremely weak force to "brake" the earth's rotation, which has accumulated over a long period of time, and there is ample evidence that the earth's rotation cycle is getting slower and slower, and the time of the day is increasing extremely slowly, about 1 second in a few years, and because of the earth's reaction force, the moon is slowly getting farther and farther away from the earth, and is about 3.8 centimeters away from the earth every year. The ratio of the size of the Moon to the Sun is similar to the ratio of distance, making it almost the same apparent size as the Sun, and during a solar eclipse the Moon can completely obscure the Sun and form a total solar eclipse.

The Moon was the first extraterrestrial object ever landed by humans. In 1958, lunar probes launched by the United States and the former Soviet Union failed. In 1959, the former Soviet Union and the United States successfully launched the "Luna" and "Pioneer" lunar probes respectively. In 1969, the Apollo-11 of the United States achieved the first manned landing of mankind on the moon, and the successive Apollo-12, 14, 15, 16 and 17 achieved manned lunar landing, and a total of 12 American astronauts landed on the moon to carry out scientific investigations, collect lunar samples and bury scientific instruments for long-term exploration of the moon, bringing back a total of 381.7 kilograms of lunar samples to the earth, which greatly increased mankind's understanding of the origin and evolution of the moon. To date, only these 12 U.S. astronauts have landed on a celestial body other than Earth.

The Moon orbits the Earth in an elliptical orbit. The great circle of this orbital plane on the celestial sphere is called the "white path". The plane of the white path does not coincide with the celestial equator, nor is it parallel to the plane of the ecliptic, and the spatial position is constantly changing. Cycle 27.32 days. The average inclination of the lunar orbit (white path) to the Earth's orbit (ecliptic) is 5°09′. But the Moon is known to be gradually departing from the Earth at an average annual rate of 3.8 cm.

The Moon rotates while revolving around the Earth, with a period of 27.32166 days, which happens to be a sidereal month, so we can't see the far side of the Moon. This phenomenon is called "synchronous rotation", or "tide locking", and is almost a universal law in the world of solar system satellites. It is generally believed to be the result of the long-term tidal action of satellites on planets. The balance movement is a wonderful phenomenon that allows us to see 59% of the surface of the moon. The main reasons are as follows:

In different parts of the elliptical orbit, the rotation speed does not match the angular rotation velocity.

The Moon moves half a degree per hour relative to the background starry sky, i.e. it is similar to the apparent diameter of the Moon's surface. Unlike other satellites, the Moon's orbital plane is closer to the ecliptic plane than near the Earth's equatorial plane. The time it takes for the Moon to orbit the Earth (one revolution of the Moon) relative to the background sky is called a sidereal month, while the time it takes for a new moon to move to the next new moon (or between two phases of the same moon) is called a synodic month. The synodic moon is longer than the sidereal moon because the Earth itself travels some distance in its orbit around the Sun during its orbit.

Because the rotation period of the Moon is exactly the same as its rotation period, only the Moon can be seen on Earth forever facing the same Earth. Since the early days of the Moon's formation, the Earth has been subjected to a moment that slows its rotation, a process known as tidal locking. As a result, part of the angular momentum of the Earth's rotation is converted into the angular momentum of the Moon's orbit around the Earth, with the result that the Moon moves away from the Earth at a rate of about 38 millimeters per year. At the same time, the Earth's rotation is getting slower and slower, and the length of the day is getting longer by 15 microseconds per year.

When you look at the Moon from the Earth, you don't see exactly half of the surface of the Moon, because the Moon swings like a scale. Observers on the earth will feel that during the time when the moon orbits the earth, the moon oscillates back and forth in the north-south direction, that is, it oscillates like a balance in the direction of dimensions, which is called "latitude balance", and the angle range of the swing is about 6°57', and the phenomenon that the moon swings back and forth in the east-west direction, that is, in the longitude direction, is called "meridian balance", and the swing angle reaches 7°54'. In addition to these two main balance movements, the Moon also has a Sunday balance and a physical balance movement, the first three of which are not the Moon oscillating, but a phenomenon caused by a change in the relative position between the observer and the Moon. Only the physical balance is that the moon itself is swinging, and the swing is very small.