Du Mu is the thirteenth in the family, so according to the habits of the Tang people, he is called "Du Thirteen". Du Mu has outstanding political talents, and when Du Mu was a teenager, it was when Tang Xianzong was crusading against the feudal towns and cheering up state affairs. In addition to studying, he cared about the military, and later Du Mu specialized in the study of Sun Tzu, wrote thirteen commentaries on Sun Tzu, and also wrote many policy commentaries. In particular, there was a plan to level the captive, which was adopted by Prime Minister Li Deyu and was a great success.

In the second year of Changqing (822), when Du Mu was 20 years old, he was well-versed in history, especially focusing on chaos and military affairs. At the age of 23, Du Mu made "A Fang Gong Fu". At the age of 25, Du Mu wrote a long five-character ancient poem "Sentimental Poems" to express his views on the problem of feudal towns. At this time, Du Mu was already very famous, and his works were circulated.

In the second year of Yamato (828), Du Mu was 26 years old. In the same year, he was admitted to the examination of the virtuous and honest and outspoken department, and was awarded the Hongwenguan school secretary and the test left guard Cao to join the army. [1] [2]

In the seventh year of Yamato (833), Du Mu was awarded the position of pushing the official by the Niu monks and children of the Huainan Jiedu envoy, and later became the secretary, responsible for the official correspondence of the Jiedu Embassy. The title of Jing is to supervise the imperial history. At this time, Du Mu lived in Yangzhou and especially liked banquets.

In the ninth year of Yamato (835), Du Mu was thirty-three years old, and was recruited by the imperial court to supervise the imperial history, and went to Chang'an to serve in the eastern capital. In August, he took office in Luoyang, the eastern capital. Thus escaped the sinister storm of November's Manna Change. Here he met Zhang Haohao, the deceased of Xuanzhou City, and wrote the famous "Zhang Haohao Poem". During his stay in Luoyang, due to his idle duties, he went around hanging ancient monuments and wrote a lot of poems.

In the second year of Kaicheng (838), Du Mu entered the curtain of Cui Dan, the observation envoy of Xuanhui, and was called to be the judge of Xuanzhou regimental training.

In the fourth year of Kaicheng (839), at the end of the year, Du Mu left Xuanzhou and went to Chang'an to serve as the left supplement and the history museum to revis. In the fifth year of opening, Du Mu was promoted to a member of the catering department.

Relocation and decentralization

In the first year of Huichang (841), Du Mu was transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

In the second year of Huichang (842), it was released as yellow

Du Mu Jiang Nanchun

Du Mu Jiang Nanchun

State Thorn History. The reason for Du Mu's release is not recorded in the history books, and Du Mu himself believes that it is the exclusion of Prime Minister Li Deyu. Some people think that Du Mu is a dignified and unruly person, and Li Deyu's concept is not in line with Li Deyu's ideas. Later, Du Mu served as the assassin of Chizhou and Muzhou. For the sake of political energy, we should eliminate the disadvantages and care for the people.

In September of the fourth year of Huichang (September 844), Du Mu moved to Chizhou to assassinate the history, and he was forty-two years old. Qiupu County, Chizhou (now Guichi, Anhui).

In the fifth year of Huichang (845), in July, Wuzong issued an edict banning the destruction of Buddhism. Du Mu was very much in favor of this measure, and later he wrote "Hangzhou Xinzao Nanting Zi Ji" in the middle years of Xuanzong, detailing Wuzong's ban on the destruction of Buddhism.

In the second year of Xuanzong Dazhong (848), with the help of Zaibai Zhouqi, he became the secretary of the department and the history museum. [2]

The twilight of life

In the third year of Xuanzong's middle school (849), it was difficult to support his family because of the low income of Beijing officials.

But there was no approval.

In the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign (850), he was promoted to the rank of Wailang, a member of the Ministry of Officials. However, Du Mu still asked for the release of Huzhou Assassin Shi many times, and finally agreed to his request after three consecutive revelations. However, some people believe that Du Mu's request for exile is not just for economic reasons, but because he is dissatisfied with the government and believes that he cannot make a difference in the court. In the autumn of the same year, Du Mu arrived as the assassin of Huzhou. He hung up on his predecessors in Huzhou, met poetry friends, and wrote a lot of poems. A year later, he was promoted to the rank of Meritorious Examiner and Commander of the Imperial System. In the second year of Chang'an, he moved to the middle school. During this period, Du Mu renovated the ancestral Fanchuan villa, and often met friends here in his spare time.

In the sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign (852), he fell seriously ill and died in winter.

Literary Achievement Editor

A roundup of achievements

Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, poetry, fu, and ancient literature are all famous masters, and he likes Lao Zhuang Taoism. Du Mu advocates that everything is written with meaning

Fan Chuan Anthology

Fan Chuan Anthology

The Lord, supplemented by qi and guarded by rhetoric and sentences, has a more correct understanding of the relationship between the content and form of the work. And can absorb and melt the strengths of predecessors to form their own special style. Du Mu's ancient style poems are influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, with a wide range of themes and strong pen power. Du Mu's near-body poems are known for their beautiful words and rhyme. His ancient style poems are influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, with a wide range of themes and strong pen power. His near-body poems are known for their clear words and emotional rhyme. The Seven Laws "Early Goose" uses the technique of comparing Xingtuo to express nostalgia for the people in the northern border who have been displaced by the invasion of the Hui, which is graceful and aftertaste. "Nine Days of Qi Mountain Climbing" is written in a bold tone of his own broad mind, and it contains deep sadness. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty was dense algae painting, and Du Mu was influenced by the atmosphere of the times, and also paid attention to the rhetorical side. This common tendency to emphasize rhetoric is combined with his personal characteristics of "majestic and heroic", which is beautiful and sparse, bold and delicate. [3]

Poetry achievement

Lin Jianluo's "Late Tang Dynasty Poet Du Muzhi" believes that Du Mu's poems can be divided into two categories: one is heroic, the other is fragrant, the former "or for sorrow, or for the ancient, or for the nostalgia, mostly written in a rough tone, with a peculiar idea"; the latter "most of them are written lightly with a fresh tone, so that the paper is not full of fat and powder". Wang Shubox's "Poet Du Mu" believes that Du Mu's "writing is so Chen Houqi, and the poems are so heroic", "his poems are charming and moving, and the crags are too steep, and it is because of this, sometimes they flow into the delicate." However, you must know that Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi, Li Shangyin, Wen Tingyun, etc. were all at the same time as him, and he was unwilling to imitate the Yuan and body created by Yuan Bai, who was popular for a while, and did not want to imitate Wen Li's obscurity; Miao Qian's "A Brief Treatise on Du Mu's Poems" believes that the handsome style of Du Mu's poems, which can be in the midst of the ruggedness and elegance, is outstanding in the late Tang Dynasty and is original in the entire Tang Dynasty poetry circle. This is the characteristic of Du Muping's artistic genius that Du Muping's magnificent embrace of worrying about the country and the people is intertwined with the tenderness of sadness and farewell. Ge Xiaoyin's "Du Mu and His Poems" believes that "the desire to serve the ideal of national merit has brought rich imagination and bold spirit to Du Mu's poetry, but his pragmatic spirit has made his imagination and metaphors never have the sinister color of the fairy world." And because of Du Mu's special talent in "expressing a keen sense of the beauty of life in direct language", "he can always find unique beauty from the daily scenery, and find a certain mood that is most harmonious with the artistic conception, and express it through the ingenious organization of the picture." "Wang Xiping and Zhang Tian's "Analysis of the Artistic Beauty of Du Mu's Poetry" believe that the artistic beauty of Du Mu's poetry lies in the "bold and healthy image beauty", "strong and frank poetic beauty", and "fresh and clear artistic conception beauty". Wang Xiping's "A Synthesis of Du Mu's Creative Personality and Artistic Style" pointed out that Du Mu mostly used frank and straightforward expression, allegorical poetry, and the method of twisting and folding, while rhetoric (reversal of the case) and questioning were the main means of Du Mu's reluctance, thus forming a bold and handsome style. Wu Zaiqing's "A Preliminary Study on the Expression Techniques of Du Mu's Poetry" believes that "the reason why his poems are vivid and appealing is more closely related to his use of metaphor, personification, allegorical scenes, scene expressions, contrasts and other techniques." The method of overturning the case, turning the tail wave, in-depth questioning, and applying allusions are also useful in opening up the new artistic conception of his poetry and deepening the ideological connotation. "The straightforward expression of the mind and the inversion of the grammatical sentence structure have a direct impact on the healthy and uninhibited style of his ancient poems", "and the subtle and tactful, the turning of the tail wave, the allegorical scene, the expression of the scene, and the in-depth questioning are more obviously conducive to the formation of the far-reaching rhyme and far-reaching spirit of his quatrains, and the style characteristics of flowing and tactful." ”

Poetry