Hua Feng noted that on July 14, 2005, scientists took a photograph of Cassini flying by Enceladus, and found a special area in the Antarctic region that was experiencing tectonic deformation. And there are a lot of feather-like objects in places.

The area is located at 60°N, with crevasses and ridges, as well as a small number of microcraters, suggesting that this is the youngest landform on the surface of Enceladus, and the youngest on any medium-sized frozen moon, and the crater structure suggests that some areas of the area may be as old as 50,000 years old, or even younger.

Near the central part of the area are four fissure zones, as well as numerous ridges, which are informally named "tiger skin stripes".

These fissures are probably the youngest geological formations in the region, and they are surrounded by mint-green, rough-grained ice that is often found in rocky outcrops or on the walls of fissures in other areas. "Blue" ice was also found in the flat area of the area, suggesting that the area was so young that it had not yet been covered with a layer of finely textured ice from the E-ring.

Visible and infrared mapping spectrometers (VIMS) have shown that the chemical structure of the green material distributed around the "tiger skin markings" is different from other surface materials of Enceladus, and the discovery of transparent ice in the "tiger skin markings" indicates that the geological formation is very young (probably less than 1,000 years) or that the ice on the surface of the geological formation has recently been affected by heat sources. In addition, the instrument also measured organic compounds with a relatively simple structure in "tiger skin markings", which is the first time that it has been discovered on this satellite.

During its flyby on July 14, Cassini made observations of one of the areas of Antarctica where "blue" ice is distributed, and took high-resolution photographs showing severe geological deformation in the area and the discovery of boulders ranging from 10 to 100 meters in diameter.

The Antarctic region of Enceladus is surrounded by a series of parallel ridges and valleys in the shape of Y and V. The shape, strike, and location of these ridges and canyons suggest that they are the result of the overall deformation of Enceladus. Recently, there are two theories to explain the occurrence of this topographic deformation. The first is that Enceladus' orbit around Saturn has shrunk, which leads to an increase in the speed of Enceladus' rotation, which in turn leads to an adjustment of Enceladus' axis of rotation. The second theory is that the large amount of warm, low-density material ejecting from Enceladus' interior caused the area of this terrain to move from the mid-latitudes to the high-latitudes of the southern hemisphere of Enceladus. As a result, Enceladus' spheroid will adjust accordingly to this change.

One of the derivations from the theory of axis of rotation change is that similar topographic changes have occurred at the north and south poles of Enceladus. Contrary to speculation, Enceladus's Arctic region is densely populated with impact craters and is much older than Antarctica. The uneven thickness of Enceladus' crust may explain this difference.

This variation in crustal thickness is corroborated by the correlation between the Y-shaped and V-shaped topography of the Antarctic margins and the geological ages of the regions adjacent to Antarctica: the Y-shaped, disconnected topography and the north-south fault zone are younger terrains and are also thought to correspond to thinner crustal thicknesses, while the V-shaped topography is adjacent to areas of older geological age and densely populated impact craters.

After Voyager made observations of Enceladus in the early '80s, scientists suggested that the star may be geologically active on the basis of its young, highly reflective surface and its location in the core of the E ring. The connection between Enceladus and the E-ring has led scientists to speculate that Enceladus is the source of the material scattered on the E-ring—that is, the water vapor ejected from the interior of Enceladus, which ultimately makes up the E-ring. However, Voyager's observations do not provide conclusive evidence that Enceladus is still active.

However, Cassini later carried a variety of instruments, and through the observation of these instruments, scientists eventually discovered that there were eruptions of water and other volatile materials on Enceladus, rather than silicate rocks. In January and February 2005, Cassini's Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) first observed plumes made of fine Xiaoice crystals erupting from Enceladus' Antarctic region.

In a flyby on February 17, 2005, the magnetometer observed data on Enceladus's atmosphere also confirmed that the phenomenon previously observed by the imaging science subsystem was real—the data showed an increase in the energy of the ion cyclotron wave near Enceladus at that time. Ion cyclotron waves are the product of the interaction between ions and magnetic fields, and the composition of a substance can be determined by measuring the frequency of the ion cyclotron waves, which is determined to be ionized water vapor.

In the next two flymes, magnetometers found that most of the gases in Enceladus's atmosphere were concentrated in Antarctica, while the rest of the atmosphere was relatively rare. During the flyby on 17 February and 14 July, two occultations were observed by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UVIS). During the flyby in February, the ultraviolet spectrograph failed to find evidence of an atmosphere in the equatorial region of Enceladus, but it detected the presence of water vapor during a flyby observation of the occultation phenomenon in July.

Cassini accidentally passed through a gas cloud, an ion and neutral particle spectrometer (INMS) and a cosmic dust analyzer (CDA), thus being able to directly obtain samples of plumes. The composition of the gas cloud was determined by ion and neutral particle spectroscopy and found that most of it was water vapor and contained small amounts of molecular nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide. The cosmic dust analyzer found that "the closer you get to Enceladus, the greater the amount of particulate matter", which proves that Enceladus is indeed the main source of E-ring material. Data from the Ion and Neutral Particle Spectrometer and the Cosmic Dust Analyzer indicate that the gas cloud Cassini traveled through was indeed a water-rich plume ejected by an ice volcano that originated in the vents of the Antarctic region.

In November 2005, this ejection activity was further confirmed, with the Imaging Science Subsystem capturing a fountain-like ejection of ice crystals in the Enceladus Antarctic region. (In fact, Cassini had already photographed the plume in February 2005, but further studies of high-phase photographs — those taken when the Sun was behind Enceladus — were needed to confirm their existence, and they would need to be compared with those of other Saturn's moons.) ）

Observations in November revealed the complete structure of the plume and found that it consisted of several separate ejective ejectors (perhaps from several different vents) and extended to an area nearly 500 km from the surface of the satellite. This observation makes Enceladus the fourth solar system object to be confirmed to have volcanic activity, following Earth, Trilad, and Europa. In October 2007, the Imaging Science subsystem observed the dust ejection activity in parallel with the ultraviolet spectrometer.

The flyby on 12 March 2008 gave Cassini a further opportunity to observe. Observational data show that plumes contain more chemicals, including simple and complex hydrocarbons such as propane, ethane, and acetylene. This discovery raises the possibility of life on the surface of Enceladus. Cassini's ionic and neutral particle spectrometer measured the material composition of the plume and found it to be similar to that of most comets.

Observations from a variety of instruments suggest that in the Antarctic region of Enceladus, this activity of erupting plumes from a pressurized underground chamber resembles a fountain on Earth. Since neither the ion and neutral particle spectrometers nor the ultraviolet spectrometer found ammonia in the ejected material, which acts as an antifreeze substance, scientists predict that near-pure liquid water with a temperature of at least -3 degrees Celsius flows in a heated and pressurized chamber beneath Enceladus, as shown in Figure 13. The melting of ice into pure water requires more heat than the melting of ammonia mixtures.

This heat may come from gravitational tidal energy or energy generated by radiation sources. Another way to produce plumes is the sublimation of warm ice on the surface of Enceladus. During the flyby on July 14, 2005, Cassini's Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) discovered a warm region near the South Pole, where temperatures reached 85-90 degrees Kelvin, and in some areas even as high as 157 degrees Kelvin (minus 116 degrees Celsius), much higher than the temperature generated by the Earth's surface receiving sunlight radiation, indicating that the region was heated by Enceladus' internal heat sources. At this temperature, the ice in this area is able to sublimate at a much faster rate than the ice bodies in other areas and produce plumes.

This hypothesis has received a lot of attention because if the subsurface material that heats the surface ice is a mixture of ammonia in a semi-liquid state, it does not require much energy to produce a plume, but the abundance of ice crystals in the plume clearly supports the "cold fountain" mode hypothesis and weakens the credibility of the ice sublimation hypothesis.

In addition, Kiev et al. have proposed the origin theory of cage hydrates, which suggests that when the "tiger skin markings" terrain breaks, the carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen contained in it are exposed to a vacuum and are released. This theory does not require the existence of heat energy for ice melting in the "cold fountain" mode hypothesis, and can be explained in the absence of ammonia.

Before Cassini's plan, little was known about the inner workings of Enceladus. However, the results of several flyby flights by the Cassini spacecraft provided the necessary information to model Enceladus' interior, including the determination of the mass and shape of the triaxial ellipsoid, high-resolution surface photographs, and new geochemical discoveries.

Previous Enceladus mass measurements by Travelers suggest that Enceladus may have been composed entirely of solid ice. But Enceladus' measurements of Cassini's gravitational effects suggest that this value is much higher than previously thought, reaching a density of 1.16 grams per cubic centimeter, which is higher than that of Saturn's other medium-volume ice moons, suggesting that Enceladus may contain more silicates and iron. The presence of other materials other than solid ice means that Enceladus may have a relatively rich amount of heat energy from the decay of radioactive materials.

Castillo et al. believe that Iapetus and other Saturnian ice moons were formed shortly after the formation of the Saturn equinox, and are therefore rich in short-term radionuclides. These radionuclides, such as aluminum-26 and iron-60, have a short half-life and are able to provide heat to the inner core of the star relatively quickly. Although Enceladus has a relatively high density of rock formations, without these short-term radionuclides, the long-term radionuclides inside Enceladus would not have had time to prevent the rapid freezing of the core. Given the high density of Enceladus's rock formations, it is speculated that the high levels of aluminum-26 and iron-60 will lead to the emergence of a different tectonic type that consists of a frozen mantle and a rocky core.

Later radiant energy and tidal action raised the temperature of the inner core to 1000 K, which is enough to melt the inner mantle. However, for Enceladus to remain geologically active, parts of the inner core must also melt to form magma chambers that are distorted by Saturn's tidal action. Tidal heat generated by Titan's resonance effects or balance movements keeps these hot spots at the core alive today and fuels the geological activity that is now on Titan.

In addition, scientists have determined the shape of Enceladus to further determine whether the satellite has an internal layered structure. Based on their 2006 measurements, Porco et al. concluded that the star was in hydrostatic equilibrium, in which the interior of the star was not stratified, contradicting the geological and geochemical evidence.

Recently, Hua Feng always felt that he was a little bit of a shopkeeper now, and all the affairs of the farmer were basically handed over to Shen Qiu as his agent, and Hua Feng ignored the opposition of the Council of Elders, and insisted on establishing Shen Qiu as the acting chivalrous leader, when he was away, Shen Qiu's role was the same as that of the chivalrous leaders of previous dynasties, although this had never appeared in history.