"A glass of wine in the spring breeze of peach and plum, and ten years of night rain in the rivers and lakes. The long river of time has brought the most abundant nourishment to China, and today's Huaxia can have today's status and achievements are the result of the joint efforts of countless ancestors. Hua Feng said softly to Yun Meng, who had just finished meditating.

Yun Meng nodded, as if he remembered something, many things gradually became clear, but their lives have slowly become tied to this era, and they cannot be separated from it, nor can they be separated.

In the Neolithic period, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Yangshao culture and Longshan culture appeared. The former is characterized by handmade clay red pottery and sand-filled red pottery with painted and Jomon patterns, which is called faience culture, and the latter is characterized by wheel-made black pottery, which is called black pottery culture.

One is the matriarchal clan society, which represents primitive agriculture, and the other is the slave society, which represents the obvious development and beginning of agriculture, handicrafts, construction, and copper smelting.

They appeared in 5000~3000 BC and 2900~2000 BC respectively. The legendary Yellow Emperor, Yao, and Shun are the representatives of the later part of this stage, indicating that they have moved to the early state stage of patrilineal clan tribes and tribal alliances. The origin of the legendary characters varies, reflecting the process of integration of various clans and tribes. It represents the emergence of the core area of Chinese culture.

Since the 21st century B.C., several dynasties of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou have appeared one after another. It made the different tribes in the tributaries of the Yellow River between Fen, Yi, Luo, Wei and Heji and the nearby areas close, communicated, struggled and integrated to form the core area of Chinese culture, and as a condensation core, it spread and gradually integrated to the Daxi culture and Hemudu culture areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Hongshan culture area in the north, and finally incorporated into the Chinese culture.

In 221 B.C., Qin Shi Huang annexed the six kingdoms left behind by the long-standing strife caused by the feudal princes, unified Zhuxia, and created a centralized power of feudal absolutism that lasted for more than 2,000 years. Because Qin adopted policies such as the same track, the same book, the establishment of counties and counties, and the determination of standards for weights and measures, it played a key role in the diffusion of Chinese culture and the formation of the Chinese cultural circle.

After the Qin Dynasty incorporated Lingnan into its territory, the Han people migrated to the Yangtze River, the Pearl River and the Yunnan-Guizhou region on a large scale, bringing with them not only advanced production technology, but also the Chinese culture of the Central Plains.

In the north, due to the arid grasslands and deserts in the north and northwest, the local population is mainly nomadic. To the south, the Han Chinese are engaged in agriculture.

Due to population pressure, climate change, and the need for conquest and defense, the Han people went north to colonize and the northern ethnic minorities moved south to graze horses, often resulting in mutual struggle and plunder in the border areas. However, the economic complementarity of the two sides is fundamental. Because the nomads are good at riding and shooting, and have strong mobility, they often cross the Great Wall and enter the Central Plains. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Five Dynasties, and the Song Dynasty, nomads entered the border and the north in large numbers, and established some political regimes in different regions.

During the Yuan and Qing dynasties, the Mongols and Manchus also established national regimes. In the process of this great integration of nationality and culture, it injects new blood, gives new impetus and forms a new integration to Chinese culture. In addition, Xinjiang and Tibet, since the Han and Tang dynasties, have not only had close cultural ties with each other, but also expanded their Chinese culture due to ethnic migration, politics and economic reasons.

The development and expansion of Chinese culture was realized in the process of continuous exchange, integration and integration between the Han nationality and the surrounding ethnic groups. It has not only become the main culture in China, but also has a profound influence on the culture of neighboring countries such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other countries, and its common location is called the Confucian cultural circle, and it has also been brought to the world through overseas immigration of Chinese. Its four major inventions of papermaking, compass, printing and printing have played an important role in the development of world culture.

Although there were hundreds of schools of thought during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Confucianism was dominant since Dong Zhongshu in the Han Dynasty "respected Confucianism alone and overthrew a hundred schools". It takes "benevolence" as the center, and requires individuals to "save oneself three times a day" and "do not do to others what you do not want to be done to yourself"; to the people around you, it is required to be "filial piety, loyalty, and faithfulness"; and to individuals, families, countries, and society, it requires "self-cultivation, knowledge, sincerity, righteousness, self-cultivation, teamwork, and governance of the country and the world." This complete set of ideas and codes of conduct has become the core of Chinese culture and an important difference from other cultures in the world.

The Chinese language and writing are also important features of Chinese culture. Chinese is the most spoken language in the world. The dialects included are the Northern Dialect, Wu Dialect, Hunan Dialect, Gan Dialect, Hakka Dialect, Min Dialect and Cantonese Dialect. Although they are not interoperable, the unification of writing makes up for this shortcoming and contributes to the unification of Chinese culture. The squares of Chinese characters have special strokes, and each word has one meaning, one syllable per word, plus different tones, and homophones and multiple characters make its literary form rich and colorful, and it has also become an art in writing.

Due to the vast territory of Chinese culture and the great differences in the environment of various places, opera, food, architecture, etc., all have common characteristics of local operas with a variety of singing and musical instruments, sour, sweet, salty, spicy, and different flavors of cuisine, as well as folk houses with local characteristics.

Hua Feng, who had just finished a general understanding of Chinese culture, was arranged by Sun Wukong to study supernova, and it seemed that at this moment, the study and cultivation all day long and the sudden arrival of the task had become everything they could get into contact with at this moment, and it was also something that they had to do.

A supernova is a stage in the evolution of a star, a violent explosion that certain stars experience near the end of their evolution. According to the current understanding, a supernova explosion event is the "violent death" of a massive star.

For massive stars, such as stars with a mass equivalent to 8~20 times the mass of the sun, due to the huge mass, in the later stage of their evolution, when the core and the shell are completely separated, it is often accompanied by a super-scale big bang. It has been proven that the novas of 1572 and 1604 are supernovae.

Supernovae have been observed in the Milky Way and in many extragalactic galaxies, totaling in the hundreds. However, in history, there are only 6 supernovae that have been directly observed and recorded with the naked eye.

A supernova explosion is a violent explosion that certain stars experience near the end of their evolution. This explosion is so bright that bursts of electromagnetic radiation often illuminate the entire galaxy in which it is located, and can last from weeks to months (usually up to two months) before gradually decaying and becoming invisible.

During this period, a supernova radiates as much energy as the Sun radiates in its lifetime. By exploding, a star will eject most, if not all, of its matter outward at speeds of up to a tenth of the speed of light, and radiate shock waves to the surrounding interstellar matter.

It is estimated that supernovae erupt in galaxies the size of the Milky Way are estimated to occur once every 50 years, and they play an important role in providing abundant heavy elements for interstellar matter. At the same time, the shock wave generated by the supernova explosion also compresses the nearby interstellar clouds, which is an important initiation mechanism for the birth of new stars.

The star starts to cool from the center, it does not have enough heat to balance the central gravity, and the structural imbalance causes the entire star to collapse towards the center, causing the outer cool and the red planes to become hot, and if the star is large enough, these planes will explode violently and produce a supernova.

When a massive star explodes, it can explode to tens of billions of times the luminosity of the sun, which is equivalent to the total luminosity of the entire Milky Way. Results of stellar explosions:

(1) The star disintegrates into a mixture of gas and dust that expands and spreads around, and finally disperses into interstellar matter, ending the evolution of the star.

(2) The outer layer disintegrates into an outward expanding nebula, and part of the material left in the center collapses into a high-density object, thus entering the late and final stages of stellar evolution. The supernova that erupted in 1054 (this supernova is also internationally named the Chinese supernova) observed by ancient Chinese astronomers.

Supernovae are a rare celestial phenomenon in a galaxy, but dozens of them are observed every year in the galaxy world. On February 23, 1987, a Canadian astronomer discovered a supernova in the Large Magellanic Cloud, the first supernova visible to the naked eye since 1604, and this supernova was named "1987A".

Since supernovae are a rare event in a galaxy, which occurs about every 50 years, many galaxies need to be examined regularly in order to get a well-studied sample of supernovae.

Supernovae in other galaxies cannot be accurately predicted. More often than not, when they are discovered, the process has already begun. The most scientifically significant studies of supernovae, such as measuring distance as a standard candle, require observing their peak brightness. Therefore, it is very important to spot them before they reach their peak. Amateur astronomers outnumber professional astronomers, who usually observe some of the more recent galaxies through optical telescopes and, compared to previous images, play an important role in finding supernovae.

By the end of the 20th century, astronomers were increasingly turning to computer-controlled telescopes and CCDs to search for supernovae. This system is popular among amateur astronomers, but there are also larger facilities such as the Katzman Automated Imaging Telescope (KAIT). Neutrinos are large amounts of subatomic particles produced when supernova explodes, and they are not absorbed by the interstellar gases and dust of the Milky Way.

The search for supernovae falls into two broad categories: some focus on relatively recent events, others look for earlier explosions. Due to the expansion of the universe, the distance of a remote object with a known emission spectrum can be estimated by measuring its Doppler shift (or redshift). On average, objects that are farther away weaken at a greater velocity than those that are closer and therefore have a higher redshift. Therefore, the search is divided into high and low redshifts, with boundaries between z = 0.1–0.3 – where z is a dimensionless measure of the spectral frequency shift.