Quatrains

The number of quatrains of Du Mu is comparable to that of the poems, and he has also achieved a high degree of achievement, and has always enjoyed a high reputation. Guan Shiming's "Preface to Reading Tang Poems in Snow Mountain Houses" clouds: "Du Ziwei is a genius, with the wind of Taibai, and the time is in and out of dreams. Seven quatrains are one, and you are especially specialized. "'He Shang's "Poetry and Compilation of Wine Garden" cloud: "Du Ziwei's poems, but the quatrain has the most style, the taste is eternally interesting, there is a bright moon and a lonely reflection, Gao Xia is alone, and the rest of the poems can't." Shen Deqian believes that Du Mu's quatrain is "Tuoxing is subtle", which can be called the "heir" of the Tang Dynasty, and summarizes its characteristics as "distant rhyme and distant spirit". His seven absolute achievements are the highest, with beautiful artistic conception, vigilance and timeless charm. The quatrain of history is surprisingly intended and has a high level of historical knowledge. Du Mu's lyrical quatrains, beautiful artistic conception, eternal charm, in the Tang Dynasty outside the seven uniques, a wonderful world. Du Mu is good at capturing the image of beauty in natural scenes, describing them with quatrain poems, blending scenes, and writing a complete and beautiful scene in just four sentences, just like a picture, such as "Jiangnan Spring Quatrain". [4]

Lyric poetry

The number of Du Mu's poems is considerable, with about 100 poems in the "Fan Chuan Anthology", and about 1670 poems in the "Fan Chuan Outer Collection" and "Other Collections". His lyric poems occupy an important place in all his poems, and his artistic achievements are also very high, especially the seven rhythms. The handsome, rugged, and heroic style of Du Mu's poetry is the most prominent in the poetry. Later generations of poetry critics have pointed out that "awkwardness" is the characteristic of Du Mulu's poetry. Liu Kezhuang in the Song Dynasty "Poetry of the Hou Village" cloud: "Du Mu and Xu Hun are at the same time, but they are each their own body. Pastoral in the Tang law, often living in a few difficult to correct the disadvantages of the times. Yang Shenyun of the Ming Dynasty: "The poetry of the late Tang Dynasty, Li Yishan went down, but Du Muzhi was the most." The Song people commented on his poems as heroic and glamorous, beautiful and beautiful, and he was particularly awkward in the poems, so as to correct the disadvantages of the times, and believed it. The reason why Du Mu is "less awkward" or "special awkward" in the poetry is that, as Zhao Yi of the Qing Dynasty said: "Since the Middle and Tang Dynasty, the poetry has prevailed, and the competition has been ill, so the polysyllabic harmony and the wind are round and beautiful." Du Muzhi is afraid of being weak, and he has created a special faction to correct his shortcomings. On the one hand, it refers to the steep and steep momentum caused by the use of verses that are not changed according to the rhythm of the law, and on the other hand, it refers to the majestic artistic conception that is similar to the ancient style poems expressed in the rhythmic poems. Du Mu pretended to be a difficult sentence in the legal style, or out of the ancient meaning, showing a kind of upright and steep, vigorous momentum, in order to correct the weak and mature style of the poetry world. Du Mu's seven laws have a strong reality, in addition, Du Mu's poems use ancient tunes, and there is a simple and chic charm in the lingering of Haotang. [5] [5-10]

Prose achievement

Wang Xiping and Zhang Tian's "A Brief Discussion on Du Mu's Literature and Fu" comprehensively expounded Du Mu's Wen and Fu in the "Fan Chuan Anthology", and believed that its main characteristics were: 1. The pen is sharp and the meaning is profound; 2. The side is widely cited, the analysis is detailed, and the reasoning is sufficient; 3. The argument and lyricism are combined, and the discussion has a strong lyrical color; 4. It is good at vividly describing and narrating, which is vivid and vivid, and full of real feeling. The article also pointed out that the traces of the transition of his articles from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty can be seen from two aspects: one is to open the precedent of Bai Xiaochang in the Song civilization, and the other is to lay the foundation for the combination of arrogance and dissipation. Kou Yanghou ((On Du Mu's Essays) 5 pointed out that Du Mu's prose achievements in terms of ideological content are mainly manifested in the long political essays on political discussions, and their artistic hotspots are: vertical and horizontal debates, full of literary momentum. Rigorous structure and well-reasoned reasoning. Skillfully use even sentences, scattering arrogance. And some of his articles about the lyricism of human narratives are also artistically unique and original. The article concluded, "While inheriting the fine tradition of the ancient literature movement led by Han Yu, Du Mu was able to forge a new path and become a family of his own. Wu Zaiqing's "Du Mu and Han Yu Ancient Literature Movement" believes that from the perspective of Du Mu's creative ideas and creative practices, his relationship with Han Liu, especially Han Yu, is obvious. It is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. In the relationship between the meaning, qi and rhetoric of the article, Du Mu inherited Han Liu's views and developed them. Second, Du Mu's proposition of supplementing with qi is also roughly the same as the concept of "qi" mentioned by Han Yu. 3. In the form of words, chapters, sentences and style of the article, it can also be seen that Du Mu inherited and developed the relationship between Han Liu. At the end of the article, it was pointed out that in the late Tang Dynasty, when the style of arrogance developed with the flamboyance of the literary style, Du Mu was able to resist the flamboyance, adhere to the direction of prose prose, and try to avoid arrogance, which was really more thorough than Han. [4]

Historical records are edited

"The Old Tang Book: The Biography of Du You" with "The Biography of Du Mu"

The New Tang Dynasty Book of Du Mu [1]

The Biography of Tang Caizi Du Mu

Character evaluation editing

Li Shangyin's "Du Sixun": The high-rise building feels the wind and rain, deliberately hurts the spring and recovers from the injury, and the short wings are not as good as the group. There is only Du Sixun in the world.

"The Biography of Tang Caizi": Later generations commented on pastoral poems, such as copper pills walking on the slope, horses on the slope, and it is said that the circle is fast and fighting.

"Xuanhe Book Pedigree": Pastoral work, grass, strong personality, and its articles are in the same place.

Liu Xizai: His poem "Majestic and Heroic". Reading Du Mu carefully, people are like his poems, his personality is public, like a crane dancing in the sky, handsome and elegant. [11]

Hu Zhenheng: Du Mu's door is high, Shen Ying is restored, he sighs about current affairs, and the painting rate is appropriate, and he actually has a prime minister's strategy. [12]

Dong Qichang: After Yu saw Yan and Liu, if Wen Feiqing and (Du) Muzhi are also famous. [13]

Ye Yibao: The book of Mu is sprinkled and elegant, and it has won the charm of the Six Dynasties, Zongbo (Dong Qichang) Yun: After Yan and Liu, if Wen Feiqing, Du Muzhi is also famous. [14]

Liu Kezhuang Yun: "Pastoral in the law often lives in a little reluctance to correct the disadvantages of the times." ("Poetry of the Back Village")

Yang Shen: (Du Mu) The poetry is heroic and glamorous, beautiful and beautiful, and it is especially difficult in the poetry to correct the disadvantages of the times. [4]

Zhao Yi's "Northern European Poetry" said: Since the Middle and Tang Dynasty, legal poetry has prevailed, and the competition has been vocal disease, so the polysyllabic is harmonious and the wind is round and beautiful. Du Muzhi is afraid of being weak, and he has created a special faction to correct his shortcomings. Because of this, the valley is also steep, and refuses to follow the customs, which is also the meaning of life.

Lu You: Xunye's article has been forgotten, and the twilight is not enough to see the mountains. The temple building of Jiangnan Temple can be relied on, and the body is as idle as Du Mu.

Yang Wanli: Li Du should not turn over the whale sea, and envy Kui Long Ji Feng Pond. The Tao is Fan Chuan's light killing, and it is still more than a thousand poems for thousands of households.

Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow": Du Lang Junsheng, Doufan Lyrics, and "Pipa Immortal": Ten Miles of Yangzhou, Sansheng Du Mu, and "Partridge Heaven.Sixteen Nights": Dongfeng Lili Red Building, who knows Sansheng Du Muzhi. [4]

Anecdotal allusion edit

Cui Yun strongly recommends

At that time, Cui Yun Shilang was ordered to go to Luoyang, the eastern capital, to preside over the Jinshi examination, and at this time, Wu Wuling-Cui Yun was Liu Zongyuan's old friend

Statue of Du Mu

Statue of Du Mu

Friend, who is a doctor of Taixue, also rode an old donkey to join in the fun. Cui Yun was drinking happily at the banquet, and when he heard that Wu Lao, a well-known Qingliu person, had also come over, he was very surprised, and hurriedly left the table to greet him. When Wu Lao saw Cui Yun, he pulled Cui Yun aside, patted Cui Yun on the shoulder and said: You are responsible for this responsibility, which is expected by everyone. I'm too old to solve problems for the court, so I might as well recommend a wise man for you. A few days ago, I stumbled upon some students discussing an article with great emotion, and when I got closer, it turned out to be "A Fang Gongfu" written by Du Mu, who was going to take the exam this time. The article is so well written, and this person is too talented. Cui Shilang, you have a heavy workload, and you have a lot of opportunities, I'm afraid you don't have time to browse this article, so let me read it for you. Speaking of this, Wu Lao read "A Fang Gongfu" squarely, shaking his head. Cui Yun is also an intellectual with good taste, and he was also praised after hearing it. Wu Wuling took the hot iron and asked Cui Yun to rate Du Mu as the champion in the next exam. Cui Yun looked embarrassed and excused himself: The champion has been booked by others. Wu Lao chased after him and said loudly: If you really can't be the champion, take a step back and let Du Mu rank fifth in Jinshi. Cui Yun was still hesitating, and Wu Lao leaned on the old man and said: If it still doesn't work, return this Fu to me, and see if there is a better Fu than this. Cui Yun had no choice but to agree, and then watched Wu Lao leave.