Han Fei's entry into Qin, in the final analysis, was written by his fellow senior brother, Li Si, who is currently the lieutenant of the Qin State. Li Si and Han Fei studied under the famous Confucian teacher Xunzi and were classmates and friends. Xunzi learned the law from Confucianism, and the two of them got the true academic transmission of their Legalists, and Han Fei set the thoughts of Legalism in Dacheng, and wrote splendid articles such as "Lonely Anger" and "Difficult to Say", which were widely circulated and praised by the world as "Han Feizi".

Half a month ago, Li Si accompanied King Yingzheng of Qin for a walk in the back garden of Xianyang Palace, and after relaxing, King Qin asked: "Li Si, I heard that your teacher Xunzi is famous all over the world, and Prime Minister Wang Juan mentioned it a few days ago: But Xunzi's learning is comparable to today's day." Famous teachers are high apprentices, I don't know where Mr. Xunzi lives now. ”

Li Si bowed and said: "Thank you for the praise of the king, the teacher is a scholar of heaven and man, connecting the ancient and modern, with the foundation of Confucianism, the sharpness of Legalism, the benevolence of Mohists, and the transcendence of Taoism." But it is not difficult for the sons, Zhuo Ran is a family of his own, which can be called the peak of today's school! I'm just a student who can't be a teacher, and I haven't received eight points from my teacher. The teacher should now live in the little sage village in Songhai. ”

Ying Zheng was a little disapproving: "Li Qing don't be arrogant, your knowledge and talent are like stars, and the hegemony of the Qin State to dominate the world still needs a lot of planning and advice." ”

Ying Zheng continued to speak: "Xunzi is as Mr. said, how can he be a Tian family, why don't you invite him to come and do some of his best for the Qin State?" ”

Li Si was silent for a long time, and finally sighed: "The mystery of creation, the hardships of life, beyond the power of man!" Throughout the ages, it has been difficult for academic giants to see their careers. Confucius was displaced, Mencius wandered all his life, Laozi went west to the valley, and Zhuangzi hid in the mountains. They all served as officials, Lao Tzu was a historian of the Zhou Dynasty, Confucius was a Lu State Sikou, Mencius was a Jixia Keqing, and Zhuangzi was a Qiyuan official. No matter how big or small, it ends with a 'word'. The reason for this can be called a big article in life. As for the teacher Xunzi, he once served as a small county magistrate in Qi State, and finally returned to the wilderness, indifferent to fame and fortune, I am afraid it will be difficult to invite him to the old man. ”

Ying Zheng sighed after hearing this: "There are sages in the wilderness, but it's a pity that they can't be used by the lonely king, which makes people sigh." I heard that you also have a fellow disciple Han Fei, how does his talent compare with yours? ”

Li Si replied: "Senior Brother Han Fei is a Korean son, and his talent is ten times that of me, and he has the true inheritance of the teacher. One step further, he wrote a masterpiece of Legalism "Han Feizi". ”

Ying Zheng was a little surprised: "Really? Great Qin also established the country by law, and the "Book of Shang Jun" made the Qin State stronger and stronger, and its national strength was at its peak, surpassing the six countries in one fell swoop, reaching a situation where it can almost dominate the world now. I don't know if Han Fei can surprise the Lone King and let the Qin State have another Shang Ying? ”

Li Si replied: "Han Fei's talent is better than Zhao Zhao Mingyue, and Weichen has the book "Han Feizi", and the king can take a look. ”

Ying Zheng groaned slightly: "Okay, you send it to the article hall as soon as possible." After reading the movement, the Lone Club took some time to watch it carefully. ”

……

The book "Han Feizi" presented by Li Si deeply shocked Yingzheng's heart. He summoned Li Si to the palace overnight to talk.

Yes, the book "Han Feizi" made the young Qin Wang Mao Sai suddenly open his eyes and clear up many doubts about his ruling decisions.

Ying Zheng has roughly outlined the outline of "Han Feizi", and only in this way can he feel all kinds of emotion. He was well-read, but none of the books could give him such an inexplicable and strange feeling. In some respects, this book far surpasses the Legalist masterpieces of "The Book of Shang Jun" and "Shenzi".

King Yingzheng of Qin believes that "Han Feizi" will undoubtedly become a masterpiece of Legalism that will be passed down through the ages. This new school of Legalism is unprecedentedly broad and profound, and it is difficult to understand its essence after the first reading, and it is only after intensive reading that you can appreciate its indestructibility. The biggest difference in "Han Feizi" is that it focuses on the fundamentals, fusing the three rules of Legalism (rule of law, rule of art, and power rule) into one furnace, and reconstructing a grand Legalist academic array.

For the rule of law school with Shang Yang as the axis, "Han Feizi" is as clear and firm as "Shang Junshu", except for being more specific, I don't see any new innovation. This point made Yingzheng, who admired Shang Ying, very pleased, and believed that Han Fei was the greatest Legalist authentic after Shang Ying, and it was a work that was in line with the national conditions of the Qin State at the moment. If it weren't for that, he probably wouldn't have finished reading "Han Feizi".

The novelty of Han Fei's thought lies in the fact that the rule of art and the rule of power were incorporated into the rule of law and re-forged, so that the study of the rule of law was expanded to an unprecedented "three-rule lawyer", and in fact became a well-deserved master of new legalism in the Warring States period.

The three theories of law, art, and potential all have origins before: the rule of law theory is the most obvious with Li Kui Shang Ying, the theory of art is the most obvious with Shen is not harmful, and the theory of power is the most obvious with prudence.

In the eyes of the hundred schools of thought of the Warring States Period, although the three theories of law, art, and power are different, their fundamental point is the same, that is, the recognition of the rule of law is the foundation. Only in this way, the world of the Warring States period regarded the three theories of magic and power as an interconnected and interdependent whole, and called them Legalists. However, this kind of general naming has not been recognized by the Legalist community. Within Legalism, the distinction between the three theories is very clear, and no one will confuse law, art, and potential. It can be said that there are actually three factions of Legalism, and they are three factions that are difficult to integrate with each other.

Han Fei fused the three factions into one family, turning the impossible into reality, which amazed King Yingzheng of Qin, who was familiar with Legalism.

The new Legalist framework built by "Han Feizi" is: the rule of power is the root, the rule of law is the axis, and the rule of art is the investigation.

The powerful are also powerful. The high position is heavy, and the low position is light, which is the potential. Since ancient times, the classics of Taoism have all clearly regarded "potential" as a position of power. "Shangshu Jun Chen" cloud: "There is no power to rely on." The Legalist rhetoric clearly refers to the position of the monarch, that is, the supreme power of the state.

"Shenzi" cloud: "Yao is a puppet, and he can't cure three people." He is the son of heaven and can mess with the world. In this way, the position of the power is sufficient, and the sage is not enough to admire...... Yao for the subordinate (pottery craftsmen) and teaching, the people do not listen, as for the south and the king of the world, the order is done, the ban is stopped. From this point of view, the wisdom is not enough to convince the public, and the position is enough to bend the sage. ”

The reason why Shen Dao regards the rule of power as the essence of the rule of law is that its basic concept is deduced: the supreme power is the starting point of all governance, and without the operation of power, the country cannot be governed; Power is the source of laws and decrees, and it is also the basis for the implementation of laws. Without supreme power, there is no way to talk about the implementation of any governance, and it is said that there is no power and no governance. Therefore, the use of supreme power to exercise the rule of law is regarded as the most fundamental way of governance by the ruling faction.

The prudent theory of power rule is not incomplete, but it is a big loophole because it cannot thoroughly demonstrate the relationship between power and the rule of law. One of the biggest embarrassments is that many virtuous and diligent monarchs have power in their hands, but they still can't govern the country well.

Because of this, Li Kui, Shang Ying and other law-abiding people should be born from time to time, and the fundamental positioning of the country's governance is the rule of law, believing that once the law is established, it will have a status that cannot be shaken by the highest power.

Practitioners, in general, are talking about techniques and methods. However, the technique mentioned by the Legalists is the way to govern officials, and it is called the rule of art. In the world of the Warring States Period, the doctrine of Shuzhi was regarded by the world as a faction of Legalism that stood side by side with the Shang Dynasty's rule of law.

The concept of Shen does not harm the rule of law is based on the fact that both the potential and the law must be formulated and implemented by the crowd. This group of people is the king's subordinates. If the king controls his ministers and obtains the law, the law and decrees can be carried out smoothly, otherwise there will be no rule in the world. Therefore, the foundation of governing the Tao lies in the rule of the ruler's subordinates.

Obviously, Shen does not harm the theory of jutsu is also biased, and the loopholes are also obvious. One of the biggest embarrassments is that if the country does not change the old law (the foundation is not to abolish the actual feudal system), and only remembers the rule and rectification of officials, it will not be able to eradicate the chronic disease of treachery and rebellion, and the country will never be truly strong. This is true of Qi country, and even more so of South Korea.

Ying Zheng kept pacing in the imperial study, shaking Li Si, who came to talk at night, was almost dizzy. He stopped suddenly, clapped his hands and praised: "The book "Han Feizi" is indeed novel, it admits that "potential" is the source condition of the rule of law, but soberly believes that relying only on "potential" is not enough to clarify the rule of law, and it is necessary to combine potential and law in order to make the country rule and the world peaceful. This is a very good point, and Gu Wang was deeply impressed by Han Fei's argument. ”

The more Ying Zheng spoke, the more excited he became: "But what the lonely king appreciates the most is the contradictory story in "Han Feizi". Monograph on the power of the ruler of the cloud: Yao Shun has the power and rule, and the power is chaotic, so the power of the rule is also the foundation. If this is the case, his argument will be at both ends: Yao Shun has the power, although he can't mess up; The momentum is overwhelming, although ten Yao and ten Shun cannot be governed. In this case, is it based on people or on the basis of power? If you can be ruled by power, if a tyrant has power, the sages cannot be governed. Ruled by people, the sages have no power and the world is in chaos. He used a vivid story to illustrate: there are people who sell spears and shields, preaching the strength of their shields that "things cannot be trapped", and Russia also advocates the benefits of their spears "everything is trapped"; A city man came and said, "What is the spear of the son and the shield of the trap?" The seller was embarrassed and couldn't respond. The incompatibility of virtuous and powerful is clear, and this contradiction is also true! ”

Li Si also praised on the side: "The brief description of the truth is wise and sharp and humorous, and Han Fei's talent is indeed rare in the world."

Ying Zheng clapped his hands and laughed: "Yes, what Han Fei said is right!" The rule of power is too much, and it is no different from the rule of man. The combination of law, art, and potential is the best policy. ”

From the age of nine, Ying Zheng was the crown prince of Qin. From the age of thirteen, Ying Zheng was the king of Qin. Since the age of twenty-two, Yingzheng has become the pro-government king of the world's most powerful country. During this period, the wind and rain were innumerable, and the indispensable legitimate power of the king was particularly deeply appreciative, which can be said to be imprinted in the heart and never forgotten.

In addition to being excited, King Yingzheng of Qin asked: "Han Fei is so talented, where is he now?" Can you have meritorious deeds? I don't seem to have seen his name on the list of good ministers of the Six Kingdoms collected by the Shadow Secret Guard. ”

Li Si sighed: "Although Han Fei's junior brother has the talent of the heavens and the earth, he cannot be reused by King Han, and he can't use it when he is full of economy, so he has to build a grass house by Lintang Creek and bury himself in the ancient classics. ”

Ying Zheng was happy: "King Han is not Bole, where do you know Maxima?" Han Feizhi can only take root and sprout in the land of my Great Qin, thrive and turn into a towering giant tree. Li Si, you and Yao Jia immediately took action, either by coercion or by inducement, to invite Han Fei to Daqin. ”

Li Sizuo praised: "No." The minister must do his best. ”

"Okay, it's late at night, you can go down." Ying Zheng waved his hand and repulsed left and right, but he looked at the bright moon outside the window alone, thinking about the future plan of the empire's hegemony.

"Yes, the king pays attention to the dragon body and rests early." After Li Si finished speaking, he withdrew from the imperial study. No one noticed that a smug smile appeared on the corner of his mouth.