Chapter 149: Beyond the Horizon

In order to prove the evidence of the existence of parallel universes, Hua Feng learned more.

British astronomers claim to have found evidence to support the parallel universe theory. By studying the cosmic microwave background radiation map, they found four circular patterns formed by "cosmic friction", suggesting that our universe may have entered other universes at least four times.

In August 2007, scientists found a huge cold spot when studying the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) signal, which is completely "empty", without any normal matter or dark matter, and no radiation signal, why there is such a strange space-time in the universe.

In search of this answer, scientists believe that this is evidence of another universe, and that the phenomenon of cold spots may have led cosmologists to conclude that there are parallel universes beyond the universe in which people live. Scientists have discovered that our universe may be one of a billion universes through radiation data observed by the Planck telescope, and for the first time there is evidence that parallel universes exist.

The map produced by the Planck telescope shows the distribution of microwave background radiation, and scientists believe that the residual radiation of the late Big Bang is evenly distributed in space, especially in the southern sky. Dr. Laura Mersini-Horton, a theoretical physicist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Richard Holman, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, predicted the existence of anomalous radiation in 2005 and believed that the existence of parallel universes caused the abnormal distribution of radiation.

Dr. Mersiny-Houghton believes that the Planck probe data supports the hypothesis of the existence of parallel universes, which means that there are an infinite number of universes outside of the universe in which people live, and it is the drag effect of other universes that causes unevenly distributed radiation in the southern sky.

The huge cold spot in the cosmic microwave background radiation signal spans almost 1 billion light-years in the direction of the constellation Pojiang, and theoretical physicist Dr. Laura Mersini-Horton believes that this is a signal from another universe, and if this discovery is confirmed, then it will be the first universe ever discovered outside of the local universe.

Cosmic microwave background radiation comes from signals left over from the Big Bang and exists in the microwave band, and images taken by NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Detector and Sloan Digital Sky Survey also show that there are huge holes in our universe, evidence of which was discovered by scientists in 2004.

In fact, the question of cold spots has become the focus of astronomers' research, and later studies have shown that this mysterious cosmic space-time is not completely devoid of matter, and that there are small-scale galaxies around it, which have very small spans and radiation compared to galaxies in other celestial regions, and calculations have shown that the radiation of celestial bodies near the cosmic hole is about 20% to 45% less than that of other visible space-time spaces in the universe. However, why is such a strange space-time formation in the universe?

For example, there is a cosmic hole about 90 light-years in diameter 8 billion light-years away from the Milky Way, and the current Big Bang and the theory of the formation of the universe are difficult to explain why these holes can be formed, and the mechanism of their formation is still a mystery.

Dr. Mersini Houghton's research team sees this as evidence of the existence of another universe, predicted by string theory that there are other universes beyond them, each with unique physical properties. Another view is that the appearance of cold spots is related to the expansion of the universe, as a result of the long-range effect of gravity, large holes appear in the universe, and the large holes currently observed appear in the northern hemisphere, scientists predict that there is also a huge cold spot in the southern hemisphere, but the research team believes that the appearance of cosmic holes is random.

According to the Planck detector, Dr. Mersini Horton believes that his hypothesis has been proven that there are more parallel universes outside of the universe in which people live, and that the existence of these universes has led to anomalies in background radiation, all of which are embodied in cold spot space-time that cannot be explained by cosmological theory. The Planck Space Telescope, which is part of ESA, has very high observation accuracy, and its accurate CMB images open a door to another space-time for scientists.

According to The Sunday Times, Malcolm Perry, a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Cambridge, believes that the discovery has a high probability of supporting the existence of a "multiverse". His colleague George Everstaciou, professor of astrophysics, agrees: "The multiverse argument still sounds weird to some people today, just as it did when the Big Bang theory was proposed. However, we now have strong evidence that will revolutionize our understanding of the universe. ”

Theoretical Progress:

On October 31, 2014, physicists said that "parallel universes" do exist, providing living space for different versions of "us". Not only that, but parallel universes will also affect each other, which is why there are all kinds of strange physical phenomena at the microscopic level. Scholars from Griffith University in the United Kingdom and the University of California in the United States jointly proposed the above theory. They believe that parallel universes not only exist, but also affect each other, and do not develop and change independently, and that the interaction can explain the strange reactions of particles discovered by microscopic physics.

Howard Wiesman, a professor of physics at Griffith University, said: "Around 1957, the idea of parallel universes emerged in the quantum physics community. By this reasoning, every time a quantum measurement is made, a universe will give rise to a new branch universe. So there are countless possibilities - in some universes, meteorites did not hit the earth, and the dinosaurs survived. In another universe, Australia became a Portuguese colony.

Previously, scholar Hugh Everett discovered that quantum particles can have two different states at the same time, so he proposed the theory that particles exist in different worlds in different states at the same time. According to this theory, particles do not have to choose between two states and two worlds, but can have both. According to Weisman and his colleagues, the universe in which people live is just a drop in the ocean of many universes. These universes exist at the same time, some similar to the ones people live in, and some are very different. Weisman also said that universes that are "closer" to each other will repel each other, increasing their differences from each other.

Scientists will have a variety of ways to test these theories of parallel universes, and may even rule out some of them. In the coming decades, with the great progress of cosmic measurement technology, scientists will further define the curvature and topology of space through such methods as cosmic microwave background radiation detection and large-scale material distribution measurement, so as to test the first-layer parallel universe theory. More accurate inflation measurements can be used to test the theory of a second parallel universe.

Advances in both astrophysics and high-energy physics will also determine the degree of fine-tuning of physical constants, thereby weakening or enhancing the possibility of the existence of a second layer. If the global effort to build a quantum computer succeeds now, it will provide further evidence for the existence of a third-level universe, which essentially uses the parallelism of the third-level parallel universe to do parallel calculations. Conversely, experimental evidence of unitary nonconservation excludes the third layer. Finally, the major challenge of modern physics, the success or failure of unifying general relativity and quantum field theory, will bring more enlightenment to the study of the fourth universe. Scientists may eventually find a mathematical structure that matches the human universe, or they may suddenly reach an incredible limit of mathematical validity and have to abandon the fourth layer.

Max Tegmark, a cosmologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States who is passionate about studying parallel universes, said: "The most interesting question for me is not whether parallel universes exist, but how many parallel universes there are." In the 2003 issue of Scientific American, there was an article he wrote about parallel universes, in which he divided parallel universes into four categories. According to Temak's classification, the higher the universe, the easier it is to expand, and the easier it is to cover the universe at the lower level.

Level 1: Beyond the horizon

If space is infinite, and the distribution of matter is uniform enough on a large scale, then even the most unlikely thing must happen somewhere. In particular, there should be an infinite number of planets with people, including not one but an infinite number of people with the same appearance, name, and memory. An infinite number of regions of the same size as the observable universe do exist, where any possible history of the universe would actually exist. This is the first parallel universe.

Chaotic Inflation Theory, which provides general predictions of an infinite traversal universe. The universe is infinite and should contain a Hubble volume that fulfills all the initial conditions.

Thus, the infinite universe contains an infinite number of Hubble volumes. Although they all have the same physical laws and physical fixed numbers, they are almost different from the Hubble volume of similar material distributions. But it is precisely because of the existence of the Hubble volume that the Hubble volume that is beyond the event horizon and has a similar or identical configuration can exist.

According to the physique's calculations, a star of the same size and configuration as the one that people live in exists about 115 meters (a number larger than the ancient gol planks) from us. This inference assumes that distributions that appear to be in the same form as the Hubble state, but in fact any distribution is possible. This means that the specific Hubble volume that people have is actually the only one that exists.