At the same time, the popularity of the "farmer" hypothesis and the "shooter" hypothesis inevitably created a large number of pessimists.

If the influence of this group of pessimists is not good, there will definitely be big problems in the future, and it will even affect the next generation, or even several generations.

The consequences are extremely serious and at the same time unbearable for all.

The same pessimistic doctrine as the "farmer" hypothesis and the "shooter" hypothesis, there is a large number of people who believe in another law.

This is what many pessimists believe to be true: the entropy increase theorem.

The sum of entropy never decreases.

People may not understand the law of entropy increase, which Einstein called the "first law".

The law of entropy increase is a law of thermodynamics proposed by Clausius, who introduced the concept of entropy to describe the irreversible process, that is, the flow of heat from a hot object to a cold object is irreversible.

Clausius once published a paper on thermodynamics, which clarified the basic concept of the second law of thermodynamics for the first time.

As early as 1865, he also proposed the concept of entropy, and Clausius proved that in any isolated system, the entropy of the system never decreases, or that the natural spontaneous process proceeds in the direction of entropy increase, which is the entropy increase principle.

For a long time, many scientists have tried to create perpetual motion machines to break the pattern of cosmic energy, but they have failed, because energy is conserved, and every force will be consumed in motion. Lonely systems always tend to increase entropy and eventually reach the maximum of entropy, i.e., the system is at its most chaotic and disordered. An increase in entropy will change the universe from order to disorder, and eventually to destruction.

For the increase in entropy, Schrödinger once said that the birth of life itself is a kind of "reverse entropy increase", but because of the irreversibility of entropy, life will die, and human beings themselves will release heat through chemical reactions to return to the universe, which reduces the entropy increase to some extent, but the power of human beings is insignificant and not enough to resist the entropy increase.

The word entropy was originally a thermodynamic concept, but later everyone seemed to think it was easy to use, so other probability, information theory, physics, life sciences, and so on began to use this word.

To put it simply, entropy can be understood as the degree of chaos, and the entropy is also large, indicating that the more chaotic a system is, and the smaller the entropy, the more orderly a system is.

The meaning of the entropy increase theorem is that a closed system can only develop in the direction of increasing entropy and becoming more and more chaotic.

The universe we live in can also be regarded as a closed system, so the direction of its evolution should also be more and more entropy and disorder.

So the question is, since the universe is supposed to become more and more disordered, why is there such a high order as life, including us, being born? Isn't this contrary to the entropy increase theorem?

At this point, Asimov's book explains the one-time entropy increase theorem well from the perspective of time reasoning.

In the book, humans invent a particularly powerful machine, which people call AC, that can solve almost any problem and can iterate on its own.

But there is one problem that it has no way to solve, when humans ask it "how to reduce the total entropy of the universe", it always answers "there is not enough data to answer".

In this way, AC itself continues to iteratively develop, and human beings have no idea how AC evolved, nor how much energy and resources AC consumes in the process of evolution, only that AC is becoming more and more powerful, and more and more problems are being overcome by AC.

Human life is getting better and better, death has long been overcome, human beings have become immortal, and the scale of time seems to have no end in human beings.

One planet after another begins to disappear, but it doesn't matter, AC can always help humans find new planets suitable for human habitation. Everything is so perfect, but the already powerful AC still can't solve the question: "Can the entropy increase in the universe be reversed?" “

I'm sorry! There is not enough data to answer...

Until the end, so the planets are gone, all the suns no longer shine, and all the humans die...

At that moment, AC, who was already living in the superspace, suddenly thought of the answer: there must be light! And so there was light...

This book is the same as the three-body problem, and many people can't calm down for a long time after reading it.

AC, as a creation of human beings, is trying to solve the problems of human society, especially the problem that has not been solved: "Can the total entropy of the universe be reduced?" Constantly evolve and iterate on itself.

Each time it evolves, its own stability and order go further, its own entropy is lower, and in order to maintain its own low entropy, AC must constantly obtain low entropy from the outside, and this process accelerates the entropy increase of the external world.

In the end, although AC came up with the answer "Can the total entropy of the universe be reduced", but the entropy of the universe has increased to the maximum, all the planets have been destroyed, and humanity, the creator of AC, although he has conquered immortality, is still in ashes in the end...

True, there is nothing wrong with the entropy increase theorem, and the development of the universe does not violate the entropy increase theorem.

The entropy of a closed system is constantly increasing, and if a system wants to maintain the same entropy or decrease the entropy, it must draw low entropy from the external system and consume the available energy from the outside.

Life, human beings, including man-made machines, are extremely stable and orderly, and to maintain this order, it is necessary to constantly draw low entropy from the outside world and obtain usable energy.

The emergence of life, the existence of human beings, and the development of science and technology, no matter what the reasons are, the objective result is that the entropy increase process of the universe as a closed system will be accelerated, and the universe will become more and more chaotic.

However, the development of science and technology is nothing more than improving the efficiency of energy utilization, the more advanced the technology, the more energy will be consumed, and the universe will be destroyed faster.

So since the development of science and technology is not beneficial to the evolution of the universe, why do we human beings still vigorously develop science and technology?

It's easy to understand, since resources are limited, then it's better to use them as soon as possible, and the more they are used, the better, because even if we don't use them, who knows who will use these limited resources?

The reason why the law of entropy increase is desperate is that the law of entropy increase reveals the essence of the evolution of the universe, which dooms the inevitable demise of the fate of time and space, and everything in the universe cannot escape the "corrosion" of entropy increase.

Everything in the universe decays over time, and even the sun will run out of all its energy in the days to come and go to destruction.

For example, the earth, it is precisely because the sun provides the earth with a huge amount of energy that the life on the earth can exist.

Once the sun loses its light, there is only one end for this vibrant earth: it becomes a dead planet without any life.