Chapter 168: Ants and Humans (1)
At the beginning of the rebirth time, after accepting his fate of becoming an ant, the protagonist accepts his unusually primitive and wild way of life according to the fixed impression of the ant in his mind.
And when he learned that there was actually a "fire" in the main nest of the ant group he was in, it was the first time that the protagonist's three views were broken and reshaped.
The use of "fire" is an important sign that a race has stepped into civilization from primitive, and the protagonist can no longer regard his own group as a creature in those anthills that can be seen everywhere on the roadside of the human world, and can not see it as a bunch of primitive moving ganglia, but must understand, touch, and adapt with the eyes of a civilized race.
Because of the significance of "fire", the protagonist even ignores some of the other very surprising characteristics of this colony: the ease of information exchange, the tight organizational structure, the strict hierarchy, the educational system, and the collective intelligence.
These neglected traits are essentially the same as the admiration of ants in the human world, but they have developed from the primitive, to a very high degree, and are no less significant than "fire" for an early civilization.
If these five characteristics are converted into human society, then they can roughly correspond to: language, the emergence of primitive leadership decision-making organizations in clans or tribes (general assemblies, military chiefs, wizards, etc.), class differentiation, the increase of the elderly, and the predominance of the elderly.
Collective intelligence is the only one that is unique to the evolution of ants as eusocial insects, and it is completely different from the meaning of collective intelligence, which is usually considered to be collective intelligence in the human world.
Let's compare the similarities and differences between ants and humans on these five points.
Language is the most important communication tool for human beings, and it is the main way for people to communicate. People use language to preserve and transmit the fruits of human civilization.
There are different hypotheses and theories about the origin of human language.
There is a theory that everything has its own name, and that our ancestors knew as much about them as they did about other natural phenomena; This argument is considered to be simply not sufficient to explain the arbitrariness and abstraction of human language.
Another theory is that human language was originally derived from the imitation of natural sounds, such as the sound of "wangwang" can be used to represent "dog".
There is also a theory that the initial language is an expression of emotional responses that are usually not very pleasant, such as some interjections.
The fourth theory is that language originated from phonetic gestures, such as when we see delicious food, we make movements such as rubbing our belly and licking our lips, and the sound of "mum" is made in our mouths at the same time.
Finally, there is also a theory that initially phonetic and meaning were arbitrarily combined, and through repeated use, a fixed non-random connection between phonetic meaning is formed.
There is some plausibility to these theories, as they correspond to imaginary or actual verbal or non-verbal human behavior, and the more intelligent apes may also learn language in these ways. A true language is a blend of different origins and factors.
The more we know about how a child acquires language skills, the more precise our hypotheses about the origins of human language can be. Linguists and psychologists have found that normal language habits have fairly fixed stages of learning.
Babies begin to babble at about 3 months of age. Towards the end of the year, they begin to speak words whose meaning is equivalent to phrases or clauses. By the age of 2, they will begin to speak phrases of two or three words, and will be able to use very simple and accurate syntax. During these stages, children are also gradually mastering pronunciation and intonation. Moreover, the development of these stages is interrelated with the establishment of their abstract concepts.
According to the study of the localization of brain function, language acquisition is even related to the origin of language. The difference between the human brain and other apes is that the left hemisphere of the brain is larger and more developed. Although the functions of semantics, grammar and tone are controlled by both hemispheres at the same time, the right hemisphere mainly controls the understanding of concrete things, while the left hemisphere mainly controls the understanding of abstract concepts, and thus the latter becomes the center of human language. By the time of puberty, the brain has been developed and the ability to learn language easily and quickly in early childhood is gradually lost.
The significance of language to human civilization lies in its social function and thinking function, among which social function includes information transmission function and interpersonal interaction function.
Language is a tool for thinking and communication, it is closely related to thinking, it is the carrier of thinking, the material shell and the form of expression, it is the most important communication tool of human beings, it is a tool for the logical application of thinking and the interaction and transmission of information, and it is the carrier of human cognitive achievements.
And after humans created language, they created words. Words are the visual form of language. Words break through the limitations of space and time in spoken language, and can play a greater role.
Now, the combination of tentacle communication and pheromone and smell information in the ant world obviously also has the characteristics of language, breaking the common perception that language is a human creation and only humans have real language.
Compared with human language, the "language" of ants has very obvious advantages and disadvantages, but it also has a significant effect on civilization.
The different ways ants combine "language", each with its own advantages. Tentacle communication can exchange a large amount of information in a short period of time, its speed far exceeds the speed of human speech and text transmission, and the received information can be retained for a long time, and the confidentiality is also strong, just like every ant's brain has its own hard disk and mailbox. Pheromones are specialized "languages" that have different indications of invalidation. Odor signals are "languages" that can be transmitted over a wide area.
However, the disadvantage of ants' "language" lies in its wide spread and long-term persistence.
While humans present their opinions to thousands of people in public speeches, ants can only express a few meanings with scent messages, and they are basically military words, except in specially designed conference rooms.
While humans can use writing, a derivative of language, to record and store information for a long time, ants can only rely on the brains of each ant to retain information, and then die and destroy the information.
But in any case, the "language" of ants, which is very different from any human language, is still an essential medium for their civilization and is playing an increasingly important role.