"Shi Hai Shen Hook Phase X: An Introduction to the Ancient World's Political System" - Author: Starfall

Before briefly introducing this knowledge point, we first need to repeat the knowledge learned in high school, a country must have a state system and a political system, so what is the difference between a national system and a political system? The national system is the nature of a country, and the political system is the organizational form of the political power, and this is the difference between the two.

There is nothing to talk about in the state system, in the ancient times when spiritual power cultivation was not complicated and developed, the state system was always a tribal citizen dictatorship. With the birth of the state, it moved towards aristocratic autocracy. Throughout antiquity and the Middle Ages, aristocratic autocracy was the state of all countries, without exception, until the Industrial Revolution broke this trend.

However, although all countries are aristocratic autocracy, there are also a variety of strange types of government under the aristocratic autocracy, which is also the main content of this article.

In ancient times, although there were many forms of government in various countries, there were only three kinds of government, dictatorship (or translated as poison vegetable system), oligarchy and republican system, and all the political systems of various countries were composed of these three forms of government, either alone or combined.

So what is the difference between these three types of government? Perhaps the most difficult forms of government to understand are oligarchy and republic, so I'll start with these two.

The ancient republic is not the same concept as the modern republic, the ancient republic is precisely the aristocratic republic, but it is slightly similar to the current indirect democracy.

So what is the difference between a republic and an oligarchy? The most obvious difference is that the representatives of the nobility everywhere can participate in the parliament of the center of the state, rather than being represented by the local oligarchs, as in the case of the oligarchy. In other words, a republic is a system in which even the minor nobles have a say in the house.

Therefore, to make a summary, oligarchy is a system in which only the great aristocracy can participate, and republican is a system in which all nobles can participate, and this is the difference between the two systems.

For example, the most typical republican countries are Bourbon, Afonci and Philippine argon, so why do these three countries practice republican systems?

Bourbon and Efonci were both commercial republics, because they were in a region suitable for seafaring trade, and in the early days of antiquity, after the seafaring technology was weak, there was no way to advance the seafaring industry by relying on only a few nobles, so they could only use the republic to decentralize power.

And another country, Fei Argon, he belongs to the theocratic republic, because he is a servant of the gods, each priest should theoretically have an equal status, as a country that relies on theocracy to be independent from Philippine, theocratic equality is the zzzq of Fei Argon, denying this is to deny the independence of Fei Argon, so Fei Argon implements a theocratic republic.

Therefore, it can be seen that in ancient times, the countries that practiced the republican system had reasons to implement it, so they belonged to the outliers in most countries, and the oligarchy was the mainstream of this era.

In addition, there is another question that has been debated for hundreds of years before it has been resolved, that is, whether the early oligarchy republics were republics or oligarchyes.

As we all know, before the emergence of Napolika's ten-city-state representation system and its spread to other countries, there was an oligarchy system similar to a republican system because the strength of the city-states was not much different, so whether this system was a republic or an oligarchy caused a long-term debate.

At the end of the debate, the early oligarchy republic was classified as an oligarchy, and the reasons for the final ruling were:

"The reason why those countries had an early oligarchy was not because they thought a republic was more suitable for their country, but because their country could not support a full-fledged oligarchy, and when the time came, the early oligarchy evolved into the most suitable system for the local area. ”

"Therefore, the early oligarchy republic cannot be regarded as a mutated republic, nor as a mixed system combining republics with oligarchy, but as immature oligarchy and therefore should not be classified as republics. ”

After talking about the difference between oligarchy and republic, let's talk about autocracy, this system, as the name suggests, the regime that implements the dictatorship inevitably boils down to the rule of an aristocracy, and the aristocratic family that obtains the dictatorship is called a dynasty in the historical circles.

Some countries that practice autocracy are relatively rare when they were founded in the country. For example, Ma Xi, the country of Ma Xi relied on the hammer of the god of the atmosphere to establish its own exclusive status with the help of the artifact, but there are not many countries like this.

More countries, like Romanhephi and Manada, run an oligarchy for decades or hundreds of years, and then a particularly powerful family is granted the hereditary right of leadership, so that the family establishes a sole rule in the country and establishes its own dynasty.

For example, the Manlantimo family of Roman Hefei, after the founding of the country 311 years ago, obtained the hereditary right to the lord of the country, forming a sole rule, and in the following hundreds of years, Roman Hefei has always maintained a sole power.

One thing to say is that compared with other countries, the dictatorship of Roman Hefe is actually a thousand-year-old lineage, although there has been a change of dynasties in the middle, but the replaced dynasty has always been a branch of Manlantimo, which is a very rare exception.

Compared with the thousand-year-old Roman Hefei, the dictatorship of other countries is not so stable, and there are even many cases where the royal family of the previous dynasty has fallen to the point of flying into the homes of ordinary people.

And the change of dynasty is not the most terrible, the most terrible should be the jump from dictatorship back to oligarchy. The most typical example of this is Manada, whose history is that of oligarchy and dictatorship.

In Manada's 1077 years of history, it took 108 years of oligarchy, 305 years of dictatorship, then 169 years of oligarchy, 283 years of oligarchy, then 152 years of oligarchy, and then 60 years of dictatorship, before the state perished.

Then in detail, the oligarchy can be subdivided into two categories, one is the oligarchy republic, and the other is the oligarchy dictatorship.

Some people may be confused, what is the difference between an oligarchy republic and an oligarchy dictatorship, and a republic and an autocracy? However, there is a difference.

Also taking Manada as an example, Manada in the oligarchic era, the implementation of the oligarchy republic, although still by a certain number of big nobles to control the country, but the king of Manada is elected by the parliament, all oligarchs have a voice, and the oligarchic family is not fixed, which also needs to be elected.

After 1506, Zla, who had been entangled with Manada for thousands of years, changed from an oligarchy republic like Manada to an oligarchy dictatorship, and the country was jointly controlled by three major families, that is, the three oligarchy co-governance.

It must be said that compared with the oligarchy republic, the probability of an accident in the oligarchy dictatorship is 100 percent, and in any country that implements the oligarchy dictatorship, although the speed of unification of the regime is quite fast, the probability of an accident in the future is certain.

One of the important reasons for Zla's weakness is the collapse of the three oligarchyes, but not Zla, but one of the most famous oligarchy dictatorships, Urch.

Ulch's oligarchy dictatorship was called the Three Lords Co-rule by the people of the time, and the people of that era praised this system, claiming that the Three Lords co-rule hastened the unification of Urch, and prevented the Ulqi people from continuing to bleed in the fallen and chaotic world, and then they were stupid.

For example, in today's Tenglong Continent, scolding the other party as "the seed of the Joshua family" is a curse word, scolding the other party for being two-faced, insidious and cunning, and this allusion comes from the achievements of the Joshua family in history.

Although the Ulqi and even his country no longer exist, as a family that has established a dynasty, it is too miserable to be mixed in.

You must know that Ulchi and Ulchi are now dead words and dead languages, and not many people except scholars can learn this thing, but the Ulchi word "Joshua" is spelled by quite a lot of people who can spell it and speak it - mainly for swearing.

In fact, in the actual course of history, there are many countries with mixed polities, which are nothing more than pairs of two, or even all three.

Taking the new Hemoda (that is, the Hemoda founded in 1862, which is different from the old Hemoda that existed from 1162 to 1329) as an example, in the early days of the founding of the country, Hemoda existed in a confederation of the Republic of Cajamara, which implemented a republican system in the south, and the Southern Soviet District, which practiced a dictatorial system in the north.

For example, from 1540 to 1688, the whole country was an oligarchy republic, but the military town of Lorda in the east implemented the exclusive system of Lorda family autonomy, which was a combination of oligarchy and autocracy.

Is there a country where the oligarchy and the republic are combined? There is a reluctant calculation: in the year of the 24th Bourbon governor, the alliance of the diaspora had formed an oligarchy, and the country was still a republic.

So is there a system that combines the three? There are still some systems, that is, the Roman Hefei, the Roman Hefei authorities implement the dictatorship, but the southern Mochi district implements the oligarchy system, and the westernmost Gome Free Trade Zone implements the republican system, which belongs to a mixture of the three systems.

Finally, an ancient form of state is introduced, that is, the confederation system, which was rare in ancient times, but still existed.

For example, the Hemoda introduced earlier belongs to the confederation system, and its confederation system is guaranteed by the suzerainty of Sulassie, who tries to rely on the confederation system to control Hemoda.

However, the confederation system was not the first of Surassie's creation, it was Afonci who pioneered the confederation system, and the first country to practice the confederation system was Efonci's puppet state Fen Lei.

After spending the first two hundred years, as Afonci's control over Finlay deepened, he soon turned Finlay into a decentralized confederation of powers, leaving Finlay unable to turn over for a long time.

The confederation system was a complete nightmare for the state, but it set the stage for the emergence of the future Confederates.