Chapter 172: The Secret Marriage
As soon as the Midyear Festival came, people like Pu Xingwen who were afraid of ghosts were forced to watch, and Su Ling didn't give Pu Xingwen a chance to escape at all, in her opinion, this rare opportunity was unprecedented, and it was most suitable for children like Pu Xingwen who needed to grow their guts.
"Sister, let's go back, okay~" Pu Xingwen looked left and right for a long time, until he was sure that there was nothing messy and asked, so he pulled Su Ling's sleeve and spoke.
Su Ling was a little impatient when he heard this, "Why are you going back so early?" Besides, I haven't seen the most exciting thing yet, if you leave now, maybe you won't be able to see any interesting things, those things are rare, don't you have any expectations? After that, he looked around again, and saw that the sea of people was always empty, and he couldn't help but be a little disappointed.
It stands to reason that since this mid-year festival has been retained, then there should still be a custom that should be there, shouldn't a group of ghosts parade the streets come out to perform?
Pu Xing trembled uncomfortably when he heard the expectations of those things in her words.
"Sister, I really don't want to see this, shall we go back? I'll buy you pig's trotters, your favorite big pig's trotters, we won't wait, okay, this thing won't come out. With that, he was ready to pull Su Ling's sleeve and start walking back.
Seeing his anxious appearance, Su Ling also understood that this thing might still not be able to accept those things that crawled out of the underworld, so he dragged him away and didn't resist or anything.
"Okay, I just want the pig's trotters to be fragrant," Su Ling said with a smile on his face.
However, just when Pu Xingwen really bought pig's trotters for Su Ling in the night market, a cold wind blew on the street......
Su Ling clearly felt the unusualness in the air, and hurriedly stopped, frowned, and looked at the main street.
It was also this gloomy wind that the people on the street ran quickly in an instant, but all those who set up stalls outside hurriedly picked up the stalls that they had not had time to clean up, and some people were so busy that they went back to the house and closed their doors and windows in a hurry.
Pu Xing heard that there was no one on the street in an instant, so he realized that this matter was indeed wrong, and saw Yousu Ling staring intently at the empty street as if he had lost his soul, and suddenly a fear arose......
"Sister! Let's get away! I'm really scared of this thing! Pu Xingwen couldn't cry in a low voice, just because Su Ling was too weird at this time, as if something attractive was wandering the street......
Su Ling listened to Pu Xingwen's shout, Mu Leng turned his head, and then let out a weird laugh.
"Second child, do you want to take a look at it too?"
Pu Xing shook his head frantically when he heard that she was like a demon, "Don't, I don't want to look at anything!" After that, he took two steps back and prepared to stay away from Yousu Ling, but he was pulled back by Yousu Ling, and then Yousu Ling waved his hand in front of Pu Xingwen.
In an instant, Pu Xingwen's entire world in front of him changed......
The originally empty street market was suddenly crowded with people, and two black and white underworld escorted the passage.
Pu Xingwen looked at the ghosts carrying a certain sedan chair and coffin and asked suspiciously, "Why are there still sedan chairs and coffins?" ”
After hearing this, Su Ling glanced at the street again before replying, "This is a secret marriage, and the secret marriage is to find a spouse for the dead." Some young boys and girls died for some reason after they got married. At that time, the old people believed that if they were not married, their ghosts would play a role and disturb the home. Therefore, it is necessary to hold a funeral marriage ceremony for them, and finally bury them together, become husband and wife, and bury them together. lest there be a lonely grave in the fields of the men and women. ”
"And today's Midyear Festival happens to be a good day, so it's the most appropriate time to choose," Su Ling said, and gnawed on a big pig's trotters.
"Ghost Marriage!" Pu Xingwen almost fainted after hearing this, "What do you mean to say that writing is a dead man?!! ”
Su Ling raised his eyebrows and said, "Otherwise, what do you think?" The big night is eerie, isn't this a ghost or a fairy that came out of thin air? But there's nothing to be afraid of, in fact, ghosts are similar to people, and they haven't done anything harmful, so why should they look at them with colored glasses. ”
After Su Ling finished speaking, he carried Pu Xingwen to the front, "Look, they are getting married now, it's a normal thing, and life with people is actually the same~"
Pu Xing barely opened his eyes when he heard this, and only then did he realize that it seemed that this was just a wedding with a normal human world.
"Actually, this kind of thing is very popular, of course, in the underworld...... Its meaning is also the intangible cultural heritage of the underworld, as for why it is held in the human world, it is probably because they were born as human beings, but they only became ghosts after death, so there is a feeling of green leaves returning to their roots, and don't look at this as a ghost marriage, but the details are just as important. ”
The bride's tablet is offered in the woman's boudoir, as before, and there is a big red flower, decorated with a ribbon, and the word "bride" is written.
After the sedan chair arrives at the woman, the bride's photo or tablet will be taken down by the wife, and the wife will take it over and release the sedan chair. At this time, the bride's father and mother will inevitably cry loudly and chase them out of the house. It's not a happy atmosphere at all.
After the sedan chair returns to the man, the bride's photo or tablet is still taken out by the wife of the bride and placed on the offering table on the kang in the wedding room, side by side with the groom. And tie up the two photos with a red head rope, take the meaning of the old moon and pull the red line, and reuse the red and yellow colored silk.
Only if the wife of the marriage gives the whole god a hundred incense and kowtows, even if the husband and wife worship heaven and earth. Then the tea room will bring a cup of wine dumplings and longevity noodles to the newlyweds in front of their photos or tablets.
If the newlyweds have younger siblings or younger siblings, brothers-in-law, etc., they will be summoned out and kowtow to the photo or tablet. The two in-laws congratulated each other.
After the above ceremonies are held, choose a good day for the zodiac to break the ground and bury, and the woman can raise her spirit. According to the time designated by Mr. Yin and Yang, after the coffin was lifted, he immediately poured a bucket of water in the pit and threw down two apples. At the same time, raise the red paper money high. The same is true for initiation ceremonies that are not underworld marriages.
The man digs a hole on the side of the grave, exposes the groove of the groom's coffin, buries the bride in this hole, and buries the husband and wife together.
After the burial, that is, in front of the grave, the wine and fruit are displayed, the red paper money is incinerated, and the marriage sacrifice is held. The father and mother of both the man and the woman, the family members of the two families, wept and said great joy.
Since then, men and women have been treated as in-laws.
The ceremony is usually held in the temple, and the auspicious wedding is generally held, and the family members of both sides hold the doll wearing traditional wedding dress, representing the groom and the bride together with the tablet to hold the underworld marriage ceremony, and then put the doll, tablet and the photo of the newlyweds on the offering table side by side, to show that the two sides are married. After that, rituals such as removing evil spirits and burning relics are performed. Finally, the husband and wife were buried together.
However, the tragic murder of a pregnant woman in a certain place shows that this feudal custom has made the relatives and friends of the deceased suffer physically and mentally from unfilial piety, and at the same time, it has also become the source of the crime of inducing murder and selling corpses. The superstitious ideologies of corpse buyers and the desire of murderers and corpse sellers to seek power and wealth in disregard of law and morality have led to one horrific and tragic murder case after another. ”
"No one will really do such a ridiculous thing," Pu Xing shook his head in disbelief.
Su Ling snorted softly when he heard this, "Who told you no?" There have been many people in the history of the world before who have done this, but you don't know it. ”
Among them, the most typical belongs to Cao Chong, Cao Chong was born to Cao Cao and Mrs. Huan. Cao Chong is very smart and belongs to the genius type. When he was five or six years old, Emperor Sun Quan of Wu sent an elephant to Cao Cao, who wanted to know how heavy the elephant was, but asked many ministers and couldn't think of a way to weigh it. Cao Chong said that if it is placed on a big ship, and the water marks are engraved, and the things are weighed to carry it, then the school can know it. Such a talented son died prematurely, and Cao Cao was so sad for his death that he operated a secret marriage for him.
The rise of secret marriage is related to Cao Cao's doting on children. But there is also a saying among the people that if you don't marry a dead unmarried, the house will be haunted and the family will be restless. In ancient times, when superstition was prevalent, ghost marriage was generally recognized by the people and became a legal marriage, and the two families of the tomb owner also became in-laws.
During the Tang Dynasty, secret marriages were also widespread, and this situation was reflected in the ambitions of the people of the time. The story of Wang Yi is recorded in the Tang Dynasty Zaifu's "Guangyi Zhi": there is a man named Wang Yi, who once passed in front of Li's Village because he was in a hurry, and saw a fifteen or sixteen-year-old girl from a distance, and the girl also saw him. The two were interested, so the girl asked the maid to pass a message to Wang Yi and let him spend the night in the village. The two met in the middle of the night, and after some lingering, the girl suddenly felt sick and a little absent-minded.
Wang Yi asked what was wrong, it turned out that the girl had come over the wall for a tryst, and when she climbed over the wall, her foot punctured the climbing teeth in the corner of the wall, and the pain was unbearable. When the girl was leaving, she said, "It seems that I will not survive, but if you really have affection for me, come and visit my grave when you pass by in the future, and comfort my soul." After Wang Yi returned to the east as an official, when he passed by Li's Village, he heard that the girl was really dead, so he went to the girl's tomb with the maidservant girl in private, and was sad. After a while, the girl came out of the tomb, and Wang Yi fell to the ground and died suddenly. The maidservant saw that Wang Yi's soul had entered the tomb hand in hand with the girl, so the two families married in the dark.
According to the Southern Song Dynasty Kang Shuwen's "Yesterday's Dream Record", this custom was also very popular in the northern folk during the Song Dynasty. The whole family is detailed, and each prays for his parents. Debu, that is, the uniform of the underworld, the male belt. "Yuan History: The Biography of the Martyr I", there is a woman from Dongping Xucheng Yang, who is famous for her filial piety. After her husband Guo San went to serve in the army, she stayed behind to serve her in-laws carefully. In the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Guo Sanzhan died in the field, and Yang's mother forcibly forced her daughter to remarry, and she swore in tears that she would not obey. After the husband's bones were sent back to the village, the father-in-law considered that his daughter-in-law was young and would definitely remarry in the future, so that the son would become a bachelor in the underworld, so he planned to ask someone to find a dead woman for his son to bury together, and give him a concubine. When Yang heard this, he was even more saddened and went on a hunger strike for five days, and finally hanged himself and was able to be buried with her husband. It can be seen that the influence of ghost marriage in the folk of the Yuan Dynasty.
Ghost marriage was also quite popular in the Republic of China, and many rich and powerful families would do this kind of yin marriage for the premature. For example, Jiang Ruiyuan's younger brother once had a secret marriage. This is a little-known Jiang family marriage. Speaking of this, I have to explain Jiang Ruiyuan's father first.
Wang Caiyu naturally loved his youngest son very much, but unfortunately, Jiang Ruiqing had no good fortune and died of illness before he reached adulthood. Jiang Ruiyuan also has a lot of affection for this younger brother, and personally wrote a sacrifice for him, and the brotherhood is overflowing. Jiang Ruiqing's death caused Wang to suffer a great mental blow, and his grief was abnormal, and he soon fell ill. As a traditional Chinese mother, Wang felt very sorry for her youngest son and failed to bring him to adulthood, so Wang did what she could and held a secret marriage for her younger son: she found a girl surnamed Wang, who also died early, buried with her younger son, and married him a daughter-in-law. Later, the Wang family succeeded Jiang Jingguo to Jiang Ruiqing's disciple as a son, so that Jiang Ruiqing had descendants.
There is also a ghost, in the area of Mashan and Shanglin. That is, it was recorded in "Lingbiao Jiman": "Longshan customs, after the death of the son, if the family is uneasy, that is, choose a female corpse of the same age to be buried with it, and the son is married, and it is no longer for the family." Relatives and friends must congratulate. The two families of men and women also have a friendship relationship with each other, and they are close together. In this way, it is called a secret marriage. ”
The secret marriage ceremony has never formed a standard for the practice. Although the secret marriage is regarded as a happy event, it is inevitable that the etiquette of red and white things is mixed and intertwined. Much depends on what the parties claim. Therefore, the form of the funeral ceremony varies greatly. A typical funeral ceremony is described in detail below for reference. However, not all marriage ceremonies are handled in this way.
It is said that in the past, there was a man in a certain family who was of married age and died without a wife, and after his death, there were many disasters in the family. The witch fairy girl thought that the ghost of the deceased was the devil and asked her parents to ask for a daughter-in-law in the underworld. So they found a female corpse of the same age who died after marriage, and the two families agreed to send some gift money to the female family to prepare a banquet, and sent someone to move the female corpse to the male corpse grave for burial on a certain day. In the process of sending the female corpse, there is a Taoist prince leading the way, and the mourners are not crying, but blowing, and the scene is like marrying, which is very grand.
One of the reasons why ghost marriages are so popular is that family members want to express their affection for the deceased, but it has caused many tragedies......
After the marriage is made, if the man dies before marriage, the woman must also marry, and the deceased husband's brother holds the god card and the bride to hold the wedding ceremony during the worship. Since then, the bride has been guarding the empty house for life, saying that she will keep the festival and keep filial piety when she is unmarried.
Some women do not want to be widowed and marry another man, but people believe that this is a second marriage, a broken woman, and the wedding festival has to sacrifice the soul of her so-called ex-husband. Out of love and missing their children, the old people think that they failed to choose a mate for them during their lifetime, and they must marry them after death and fulfill their responsibilities as parents. In fact, this is the sustenance of people's feelings.
However, in the old days, people were generally superstitious about the so-called cemetery feng shui, thinking that the appearance of a lonely grave would affect the prosperity of the future generations of the family. At that time, in order to earn a few more money, some feng shui masters also tried their best to encourage this kind of yin marriage. Yin marriages are mostly found in nobles or wealthy families, while poor families rarely engage in such activities.
"So the life of this rich man is different, everything can be sorted out, look at us poor people are different, when will you die no one will ask," You Su Ling shook his head, and wiped the oil on Pu Xingwen's body by the way.
Pu Xing couldn't say anything when she heard it, after all, she didn't do this kind of thing once or twice......
"However, when it comes to the forbidden marriage in modern times, we have to mention that there are three other forbidden marriage methods, that is, marriage exchange, marriage for sale, and elopement, which are not allowed to appear in the new human world."
The so-called buying and selling marriage is selling one's body to get married. Buying and selling marriage is not about you and me, the two are happy, and there is no right match, but to treat girls as commodities and sell them to others as wives and concubines. In the past, some poor families were desperate to make ends meet, and the family had a girl who was a little older, and it was said that they would sell it to the rich in order to make a living. After the two parties agree, the deed is the basis, the person and the money are paid, and the girl is allowed to be the buyer as the wife and concubine, or she can be a nameless sex slave maid, life and death are obeyed, and the woman's family must not interfere.
Buying and selling marriages is not a marriage in the media, so there is no etiquette at all. After the parties agreed on a date, the buyer took the girl away, or the parents sent the girl. Buying and selling marriages was very popular in the old days, and some dignitaries and celebrities would find a concubine through buying and selling marriages.
Buying and selling marriage was mentioned in a book, "Han Feizi Neichu Said": Weiren has husband and wife praying, and Zhu said: Let me have no reason, get a hundred bundles of cloth. Her husband said: "Why Shaoye? Said to him: Yes, the son will buy a concubine. This probably means that there is a husband and wife in the kingdom who wish to receive a hundred bundles of cloth. The husband said, why is there so little, and the wife said that if there are too many, you will use it to buy a little wife, and this story shows that it is a social phenomenon to ask for wives and concubines through buying and selling.
Buying and selling marriages has now been banned by the Marriage Law, but in real life, buying and selling marriages has not actually been eradicated.
If you have a son and a woman's family, if you don't have the money to marry your son, you may use your daughter to change your son for a wife, and the daughter will go to the other party's family as a daughter-in-law, this form of marriage is the saying "change of relatives".
There are two direct exchanges, and there are also three family changes, with two men and two women, or three men and three women participating, and of course more. Among them, three families are the most ideal, two directly change relatives, just in the title is a little embarrassing, the two relatives overlap, the male is not only the uncle, but also the uncle, and the female is both the aunt and the aunt.
Although they are all old-fashioned ritual feudalism, in a large sense, they have influenced many generations.