There are two difficulties in the implementation of controllable nuclear fusion: one is how to heat the material of nuclear fusion to a high enough temperature, nuclear fusion requires hundreds of millions of degrees of high temperature, this problem has been solved by scientists, using laser polymerization to produce hundreds of millions of degrees of high temperature to solve this problem.

The use of laser ignition seems simple, but in fact it is very difficult, because it must be ensured that in a short heating time, all directions of the heated object are heated evenly, and the ball collapses in unison, the simple understanding is to imagine the heated substance as a football, if you want to squeeze the air inside the football, the best way is to force together from all directions, so that its volume is compressed, if you only exert force from two directions, the football will be deformed, and the air inside the football will be squeezed The effect will be greatly reduced.

This requires not only the extremely precise control of the direction of each laser, but also the strict control of the energy of each laser in this extremely short period of time, and Uncle Sam's research progress in this field is currently the fastest, and his "National Ignition Device" is currently able to focus 192 lasers at the same point.

The same is true of the fusion laboratory on the moon of Galaxy Technology, which is built with reference to Uncle Sam's national ignition device, which can focus 365 laser beams on the same point, instantly generating hundreds of millions of degrees of high temperature, enough to ignite the materials of nuclear fusion.

Moreover, compared to Uncle Sam's national ignition device, which can only conduct an ignition experiment every few hours, this ignition device of Galaxy Technology can achieve 10 ignitions per second and release 10 pulses.

This ignition device first enhances the external laser by 10,000 times, then splits a laser into 2 lasers, and then splits the 2 lasers into 4 beams, so step by step and finally splits into 365 beams, and the beam is continuously enhanced in the process of splitting, and its total energy is increased to 5,000 trillion times the energy just started, and finally focuses on a deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion fuel with a diameter of 3 mm, which can produce a high temperature of more than 100 million degrees, which is enough to trigger nuclear fusion.

Some people may ask, how much energy does it take to ignite it?

The photons of the laser are all directional, unlike the general light source, the photons are divergent, and the sunlight shines on the ground and will not burn the paper, but the light can be burned by focusing the light on a point, and the principle is the same.

Laser energy is highly concentrated, but the energy contained in it is not necessarily very large, and the energy consumption is not too terrifying.

But there is still a very long process to solve this problem and achieve controlled nuclear fusion, because the temperature of nuclear fusion reaction is very high, hundreds of millions of degrees of high temperature is comparable to the temperature of the sun's core, so what do we do to make nuclear fusion reactors?

You must know that the most high-temperature resistant material researched by scientists is pentacarbide tetratantalum hafnium, with a melting point of more than 4,200 degrees, but this temperature is insignificant compared with the high temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees.

The most heat-resistant materials will also be directly vaporized at such high temperatures, becoming the most basic ionic state, and the problem of nuclear fusion reactors is the real problem that plagues scientists.

Controlled nuclear fusion technology is different from hydrogen bomb technology, hydrogen bomb can only be destroyed, atomic detonation can be done, and the rest of the power is as great as possible.

But this controllable nuclear fusion, to control this nuclear fusion, to control this huge amount of energy, scientists must find a way to solve this terrible high temperature problem.

Before solving the problem, we must first know the way of heat conduction, heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection.

Heat conduction is a heat transfer phenomenon in the medium without macroscopic movement, which can occur in solids, liquids and gases, but strictly speaking, only in solids is pure heat conduction, and even if the fluid is at rest, there will be natural convection due to the density difference caused by the temperature gradient, therefore, in the fluid heat convection and heat conduction occur at the same time.

Thermal radiation is the phenomenon of electromagnetic waves radiated by objects due to their temperature, and all objects with a temperature higher than absolute zero can produce thermal radiation, the higher the temperature, the greater the total energy radiated, and the more short-wave components.

The spectrum of thermal radiation is a continuum, the wavelength coverage range can theoretically be from 0 to ∞, the general thermal radiation mainly relies on the longer wavelength of visible light and infrared propagation, because the propagation of electromagnetic waves does not require any medium, so thermal radiation is the only way to transfer heat in a vacuum.

Thermal convection, also known as convective heat transfer, refers to the heat transfer process caused by the relative displacement of particles in a fluid, and thermal convection only occurs in the fluid.

Knowing the three ways of heat transfer, scientists have also imagined several methods to control hundreds of millions of degrees of heat.

At present, geoscientists have proposed a variety of methods to control nuclear fusion, including ultrasonic nuclear fusion control method, laser confinement control method, inertial confinement control method, magnetic confinement control method and so on.

Among them, the most feasible is the magnetic confinement control method, the development of the "superconducting tokamak" device is to achieve the ability to store hundreds of millions of degrees of substances in it, the specific principle is very simple, high school physics textbooks have mentioned, it is to confine these substances in a closed ring to make them rotate at high speed, to fix them in a confined space, so as to achieve the disguised bloom.

It seems that the two major difficulties of nuclear fusion have been solved by the earthlings a long time ago, but there is a more serious problem at present, that is, there is no way to combine these two solutions for the two difficult points respectively!

That is, at the current level of the earth, it can only ignite nuclear fusion fuel or use "superconducting tokamaks" to install it, but it is very difficult to concentrate hundreds of lasers on such a small point!

The fusion substance needs to be stationary at the specified target position to wait for heating and ignition, and the superconducting tokamak device belongs to the magnetic confinement process, if the fusion material is stationary, it cannot be confined in a designated confined space by the corresponding Lorentz force in the magnetic field.

Therefore, although scientists on Earth have solved the two major problems of nuclear fusion, they still cannot achieve controlled nuclear fusion, and these two solutions can only find a way to solve the other problem when they have a great advantage in solving one problem.

Qin Yi looked at the huge and complex ignition device in front of him, and thought a lot in his mind, there were many ways to achieve nuclear fusion in the science and technology tower.

Like the space control method, the freezing method, the gravity constraint method, etc., the space control method is designed with space technology, because heat radiation is the only conduction method in the vacuum, so the use of space technology can be very simple to control the temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees.

As for the cryonics method, which is the cold nuclear fusion technology in the transmission, this technology is a level higher than the thermonuclear fusion technology, which is too far away.

The gravity restraint method is to send the fuel of nuclear fusion into a spherical three-dimensional space, and then exert a strong gravity on the three-dimensional control, relying on the strong gravity to restrain hundreds of millions of degrees of energy, and at the same time, it can also guide the energy as needed for various purposes.

For the current level of Galaxy technology, the closest and most likely to achieve is this gravity constraint method, because the anti-gravity technology has been mastered and used, and it is still possible to develop gravity technology.

And gravity technology is very important, it can be used not only to control nuclear fusion, but also to add gravity to spacecraft, knowing that there is no gravity in space.

Human beings have been in such an environment for a long time, and the bones will slowly lose calcium, and after returning to the earth, it is very likely to be paralyzed and become a waste.

The universe is too vast and vast, even the closest Centauri galaxy to Earth is 4.3 light years, and the time to sail in the interstellar universe will be very long at such a long distance.

Therefore, spaceships and space warships used for space navigation must have gravity generation devices, so that the people on the spacecraft can live in a gravity environment and simulate the environment on the earth as much as possible, so as to reduce the occurrence of various problems as much as possible.

Now it happens that gravity technology is also needed to study nuclear fusion technology, which can be described as killing multiple birds with one stone.

If gravity technology can be developed, spaceships and space warships that sail the interstellar universe in the future will have a super energy heart, and the powerful energy generated by nuclear fusion is enough to make spaceships and space warships never need to worry about energy problems.

If a gravity generation device can be installed on the spaceship, the spacecraft can also have gravity, and living on the spaceship will not be much different from living on the earth, which is very conducive to long-term navigation in the interstellar universe, greatly reducing the appearance of void syndrome and protecting health.

In order to study gravity technology, Qin Yi had already taken out the relevant technology from the science and technology tower a few years ago, and while researching anti-gravity technology, he also established a corresponding gravity research laboratory, and Lu Qingwei was the person in charge of this laboratory.

He is an expert in both anti-gravity and gravity technology, secretly researching gravity technology and controlled nuclear fusion technology with a large scientific team on this side of the moon.

Although this interstellar mining is technically difficult, there is no need for Qin Yi to arrange Lu Qingwei at all, he is a talent, a high-end talent that Qin Yi dug out from the country's major projects.

The real role is naturally to focus on scientific research like Yang Hongyan and Zhang Jian, and as for the management of companies and enterprises, it is enough to leave it to professional managers, and there is no need to waste talents like Lu Qingwei.

All this is to cover people's eyes and ears, in order to facilitate frequent travel to and from the moon, to and from this laboratory located on the moon to conduct scientific research.

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