Yuyan leaned against the edge of the bed, holding a book in one hand and gently caressing her slightly bulging belly with the other. Even if she calls herself sick outside, the emperor still has a New Year's reward. In the eyes of outsiders, the emperor still thinks about her.

In two or three days, it will be New Year's Day. The child in Yuyan's womb has passed three months. Because she is called a mother, Yuyan also began to worry about the child, and when she was fine, she took silk to make two small belly pockets, small hats, and small shoes for the child.

Now sitting on the edge of the bed reading a book, I remember another thing. It's about getting sick: smallpox is a hurdle in a child's life, even the emperor and Kangxi have had it.

Smallpox (small pox) is a virulent infectious disease caused by the smallpox virus that infects humans, and lifelong immunity is granted after recovery. Smallpox is one of the oldest infectious diseases with the highest mortality rate, which is highly contagious and severe, and people who have not had smallpox or have not been vaccinated against smallpox can be infected, mainly manifested by severe viremia and high mortality after infection. The most basic, effective, and easiest way to prevent it is vaccinia. The clinical manifestations of smallpox were severe and mild, with the case fatality rate of severe smallpox being about 25.5%, confluent rash appearing in 45% cases, and bleeding in 79% occurring. The case fatality rate of mild smallpox was 0.1%~1.0%. Smallpox virus is a type of pox virus, and there is no specific medicine to treat people after they are infected, and patients will have pockmarks on their faces after they are cured, hence the name "smallpox". The smallpox virus is brick-shaped, about 200 nm × 300 nm, and is highly resistant, resistant to dryness and low temperatures, and can survive for several months to a year and a half on scabs, dust, and clothing.

The smallpox virus mainly invades the human body through the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and is transmitted through droplet inhalation or direct contact. The two types of virus strains with different virulence of smallpox virus are the most virulent to cause normal smallpox, that is, typical smallpox; Weak people cause mild smallpox, i.e., smallpox-like.

Clinical presentation

It is mainly severe symptoms of blood poisoning (chills, high fever, fatigue, headache, pain in the limbs and lower back, convulsions and coma may occur when the body temperature rises sharply), and the skin appears in batches of macules, papules, herpes, pustules, and finally scabs, scabs, and acne scars. Smallpox is ferocious and develops rapidly, with a fatality rate of up to 30% within 15~20 days after infection in unimmunized people.

After 3~5 days of onset, the patient had a rash on the forehead, cheeks, wrists, arms, trunk and lower limbs. At first, it is a red macule, then it becomes a papule, after 2~3 days, the papules become herpes, and then the herpes turns into a pustular rash. 2~3 days after the formation of the pustular rash, it gradually dries and shrinks into a thick scab, and the scab begins to fall off after about 1 month, leaving a scar, commonly known as "numbness". Patients with severe smallpox are often accompanied by complications, such as sepsis, osteomyelitis, encephalitis, meningitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, otitis media, laryngitis, blindness, miscarriage, etc., which are the main causes of death from smallpox.

treat

So far, there is no established effective treatment for smallpox. Patients infected with smallpox must be strictly isolated until they are cured, and the isolation period should not be less than 40 days after the onset of illness. Their clothing, utensils, respiratory secretions, and herpes exudate need to be strictly disinfected, and people who come into contact with the sick person should be vaccinated immediately. Patients are usually treated with supportive care with adequate hydration and nutrition, such as intravenous electrolytes, nutritional supplements, or medications to control high fever or pain, as well as antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections associated with smallpox virus infection in the young and frail population, and to maintain clean eyes, mouth, nose and skin. Symptomatic treatment of corneal ulcers, rashes, etc.

prophylaxis

Prevention of the disease is precedent, and smallpox vaccination is advocated.

For the sake of safety in the future, I have to tell the emperor about this matter quickly. Fortunately, the emperor will come to see Yuyan every holiday.