Fulune, i.e. leprosy. Also known as:

"Leprosy",

"Heavenly Punishment Disease",

"Leper Gale",

"Leprosy" is another malignant infectious disease that the ancients feared. "The Yellow Emperor's Neijing" records: "Those who have a boil have a warm body of glory and qi, and their qi is not clear, so their nose column is bad and corrupt, and their skin is ulcerated." The wind and cold are in the pulse and do not go, the name is the wind, or the name is cold and hot. According to the "Historical Records: Biography of Zhongni's Disciples", Confucius

Ran Geng, one of the "seventy-two disciples", once suffered from leprosy, and Confucius went to visit him, holding his hand from the window, and sighed repeatedly: "Si people also have diseases, and their lives are also husbands!" To put it in the vernacular, a person with such good virtue has this disease, this is fate!

In the "Historical Records", it is not clearly stated that Ran Geng suffered from leprosy, only that it is said

"Bad disease". However, the Eastern Han Dynasty scholar He Xiu once wrote about the "Legend of the Ram in the Spring and Autumn Period".

"Evil disease" is noted: "It is said to be a genus of fistula, deafness, blindness, furiousness, baldness, lameness, and inhumanity." "Combined with Ran Geng was isolated in the house, only

The vicious disease of "furuncle" qualifies. In ancient times, patients infected with furry were listed

"Not suitable for marriage". According to the record of "Da Dai Li Ji Ben Ming", it existed in the Han Dynasty at the latest

One of the "five non-marrying" customs is

"If there is a bad disease in the world, do not take (marry)". In addition to Ran Geng, the celebrities who suffered from leprosy in ancient times also included Lu Zhaolin, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty.

Lu Zhaolin once wrote "Sick Pear Tree Fu" during his illness, telling his pain. At that time, the famous medical scientist Sun Simiao once prescribed him a prescription for treatment, but he was never cured, and finally drowned in the river.

According to records, leprosy was once epidemic during the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the Tang court set up a special establishment in some monasteries

This was also the beginning of the establishment of leprosy hospitals in China. Sores, the ancients were the first to discover the prevention and control methods of infectious diseases, also known as

"Wandou sores",

"Tianxing Hair Spot Sore",

"Bean sores", known as in the Ming and Qing dynasties

"Smallpox",

"Rash pox", that is, the international common name

"Smallpox". The earliest record of this infectious disease can be found in Jin Gehong's "Elbow Reserve Emergency Prescription: Temperature Prescription for Typhoid Fever": "When you are sick than the year, you still have sores on your head, face and body, and you have to turn around for a while, like fire sores. ”

This infectious disease is not native to China. At that time, it was rumored that

"In the fourth year of Yonghui, this sore flowed from west to east and spread all over the sea." Why is it called

Ge Hong researched: "The result of the capture in Nanyang in Jianwu is called a sore." But Ge Hong has many doubts,

"Yonghui" is the name of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi,

"Jianwu" is the name of the first emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu, and before Ge Hong, at least three emperors such as Emperor Sima Zhen of the Jin Hui Dynasty used it

"Jianwu" era name. Some scholars believe according to the legend that Ma Yuan, a famous general of Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiushi, contracted a disease and died in the southern expedition to Cochin (now Vietnam).

"Jianwu" is Liu Xiu's era name, and then it is verified that smallpox was first brought back by the Southern Expeditionary Army in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

The author checked the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Ma Yuan", and there is indeed Ma Yuan

"Expedition to Jiaolu (toe)" is a record of death from infectious diseases, but it should be infected with miasma (malaria), not smallpox.

Although Ge Hong's account is doubtful, two facts should be affirmed, one is that smallpox is a foreign infectious disease, and the other is that Chinese have known smallpox very early.

Modern archaeologists have discovered smallpox on Egyptian mummies 3,000 years ago and speculate that smallpox spread from Egypt or India in the fourth century AD.

Throughout the eighteenth century, more than 100 million people died of smallpox in Europe. Although smallpox was ferocious, it did not cause an unprecedented disaster in China as it did in Europe, because it was the first to discover a way to control smallpox.

According to the Qing Dynasty Zhu Chunyi's "The Final Theory of Pox", when Zhao Heng (Zhenzong) was the emperor in the Song Dynasty, there were

The record of "Wang Su Seed Pox". This pox technique was introduced to Europe and became more effective

"Vaccinia vaccination" is a means of preventing smallpox. Currently, smallpox is the only infectious disease that has been eradicated by humans.