Graphene powder production method

1. Mechanical peeling method

The mechanical stripping method is a method that uses the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene to obtain a thin layer of graphene material. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually retains its intact crystal structure [3]. In 2004, two British scientists used transparent tape to peel natural graphite layer by layer to obtain graphene, which was also classified as mechanical exfoliation, which was once considered to be inefficient and could not be industrialized and mass-produced.

In recent years, the industry has carried out a lot of R&D and innovation on the production method of graphene, and several companies in Xiamen, Guangdong and other provinces and cities have overcome the production bottleneck of low-cost large-scale preparation of graphene, and used mechanical stripping method to industrialize the production of low-cost and high-quality graphene.

2. Redox method

The redox method is to oxidize natural graphite by using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and oxidants such as potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, increasing the spacing between graphite layers, and inserting oxides between graphite layers to obtain graphite oxide (G

aphite Oxide)。 Then the reactant was washed with water, and the washed solid was dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder. Graphene oxide was prepared by stripping the graphite oxide powder by physical peeling and high-temperature expansion. Finally, graphene oxide is chemically reduced to obtain graphene (RGO). This method is simple to operate and has a high yield, but the product quality is low [4]. The redox method uses strong acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is more dangerous, and must use a large amount of water for cleaning, which brings greater environmental pollution.

Graphene prepared by redox method contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and is easy to modify. However, due to the reduction of graphene oxide, it is difficult to control the oxygen content of the reduced graphene, and the graphene oxide will continue to be reduced under the influence of sunlight and high temperature in the carriage during transportation, so the quality of graphene produced by redox method is often inconsistent and difficult to control the quality.

At present, many people confuse the concepts of graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide. Graphite oxide is brown in color and is a polymer of graphite and oxide. Graphene oxide is the product of stripping graphite oxide to a single, double or oligolayer, containing a large number of oxygen-containing groups, so graphene oxide is not conductive, graphene oxide is active in nature, and in the process of use, especially in the process of participating in the processing of high-temperature materials, it will continuously reduce and release sulfur dioxide and other gases. The product after the reduction of graphene oxide can be called graphene (reduced graphene oxide).

3. (Silicon carbide) SiC epitaxial method

The SiC epitaxy method is to sublimate the silicon atoms from the material in the high-temperature environment of ultra-high vacuum, and the remaining C atoms are reconstituted in the form of self-organization, so as to obtain graphene based on SiC substrate. This method can obtain high-quality graphene, but this method has high requirements for equipment. [5]

Graphene film production method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of preparing graphene thin films by vapor deposition of carbon-containing organic gases as raw materials. This is currently the most efficient method for producing graphene films. The graphene prepared by this method has the characteristics of large area and high quality, but the cost is high at this stage, and the process conditions need to be further improved. Due to the thin thickness of graphene films, large-area graphene films cannot be used alone, and must be attached to macro devices to have use value, such as touch screens, heating devices, etc.

Main Categories (Generalized)

Edit

Single-layer graphene

Monolayer graphene (G

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of a layer of carbon atoms with a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) that are periodically tightly packed.

Bilayer graphene

Bilayer graphene (Bilaye

o

double-laye

g

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of two layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including AB stacking, AA stacking, AA' stacking, etc.).

Few-layer graphene

Few-laye (Few-laye

): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of 3-10 layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.).

Multilayer or thick layer graphene

Multilayer or thick-layer graphene (multi-laye

g

aphe

e): Refers to a thickness of more than 10 layers10

It is a two-dimensional carbon material composed of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.) in benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) below m.

Graphene powder production method

1. Mechanical peeling method

The mechanical stripping method is a method that uses the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene to obtain a thin layer of graphene material. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually retains its intact crystal structure [3]. In 2004, two British scientists used transparent tape to peel natural graphite layer by layer to obtain graphene, which was also classified as mechanical exfoliation, which was once considered to be inefficient and could not be industrialized and mass-produced.

In recent years, the industry has carried out a lot of R&D and innovation on the production method of graphene, and several companies in Xiamen, Guangdong and other provinces and cities have overcome the production bottleneck of low-cost large-scale preparation of graphene, and used mechanical stripping method to industrialize the production of low-cost and high-quality graphene.

2. Redox method

The redox method is to oxidize natural graphite by using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and oxidants such as potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, increasing the spacing between graphite layers, and inserting oxides between graphite layers to obtain graphite oxide (G

aphite Oxide)。 Then the reactant was washed with water, and the washed solid was dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder. Graphene oxide was prepared by stripping the graphite oxide powder by physical peeling and high-temperature expansion. Finally, graphene oxide is chemically reduced to obtain graphene (RGO). This method is simple to operate and has a high yield, but the product quality is low [4]. The redox method uses strong acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is more dangerous, and must use a large amount of water for cleaning, which brings greater environmental pollution.

Graphene prepared by redox method contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and is easy to modify. However, due to the reduction of graphene oxide, it is difficult to control the oxygen content of the reduced graphene, and the graphene oxide will continue to be reduced under the influence of sunlight and high temperature in the carriage during transportation, so the quality of graphene produced by redox method is often inconsistent and difficult to control the quality.

At present, many people confuse the concepts of graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide. Graphite oxide is brown in color and is a polymer of graphite and oxide. Graphene oxide is the product of stripping graphite oxide to a single, double or oligolayer, containing a large number of oxygen-containing groups, so graphene oxide is not conductive, graphene oxide is active in nature, and in the process of use, especially in the process of participating in the processing of high-temperature materials, it will continuously reduce and release sulfur dioxide and other gases. The product after the reduction of graphene oxide can be called graphene (reduced graphene oxide).

3. (Silicon carbide) SiC epitaxial method

The SiC epitaxy method is to sublimate the silicon atoms from the material in the high-temperature environment of ultra-high vacuum, and the remaining C atoms are reconstituted in the form of self-organization, so as to obtain graphene based on SiC substrate. This method can obtain high-quality graphene, but this method has high requirements for equipment. [5]

Graphene film production method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of preparing graphene thin films by vapor deposition of carbon-containing organic gases as raw materials. This is currently the most efficient method for producing graphene films. The graphene prepared by this method has the characteristics of large area and high quality, but the cost is high at this stage, and the process conditions need to be further improved. Due to the thin thickness of graphene films, large-area graphene films cannot be used alone, and must be attached to macro devices to have use value, such as touch screens, heating devices, etc.

Main Categories (Generalized)

Edit

Single-layer graphene

Monolayer graphene (G

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of a layer of carbon atoms with a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) that are periodically tightly packed.

Bilayer graphene

Bilayer graphene (Bilaye

o

double-laye

g

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of two layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including AB stacking, AA stacking, AA' stacking, etc.).

Few-layer graphene

Few-laye (Few-laye

): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of 3-10 layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.).

Multilayer or thick layer graphene

Multilayer or thick-layer graphene (multi-laye

g

aphe

e): Refers to a thickness of more than 10 layers10

It is a two-dimensional carbon material composed of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.) in benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) below m.

Graphene powder production method

1. Mechanical peeling method

The mechanical stripping method is a method that uses the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene to obtain a thin layer of graphene material. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually retains its intact crystal structure [3]. In 2004, two British scientists used transparent tape to peel natural graphite layer by layer to obtain graphene, which was also classified as mechanical exfoliation, which was once considered to be inefficient and could not be industrialized and mass-produced.

In recent years, the industry has carried out a lot of R&D and innovation on the production method of graphene, and several companies in Xiamen, Guangdong and other provinces and cities have overcome the production bottleneck of low-cost large-scale preparation of graphene, and used mechanical stripping method to industrialize the production of low-cost and high-quality graphene.

2. Redox method

The redox method is to oxidize natural graphite by using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and oxidants such as potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, increasing the spacing between graphite layers, and inserting oxides between graphite layers to obtain graphite oxide (G

aphite Oxide)。 Then the reactant was washed with water, and the washed solid was dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder. Graphene oxide was prepared by stripping the graphite oxide powder by physical peeling and high-temperature expansion. Finally, graphene oxide is chemically reduced to obtain graphene (RGO). This method is simple to operate and has a high yield, but the product quality is low [4]. The redox method uses strong acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is more dangerous, and must use a large amount of water for cleaning, which brings greater environmental pollution.

Graphene prepared by redox method contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and is easy to modify. However, due to the reduction of graphene oxide, it is difficult to control the oxygen content of the reduced graphene, and the graphene oxide will continue to be reduced under the influence of sunlight and high temperature in the carriage during transportation, so the quality of graphene produced by redox method is often inconsistent and difficult to control the quality.

At present, many people confuse the concepts of graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide. Graphite oxide is brown in color and is a polymer of graphite and oxide. Graphene oxide is the product of stripping graphite oxide to a single, double or oligolayer, containing a large number of oxygen-containing groups, so graphene oxide is not conductive, graphene oxide is active in nature, and in the process of use, especially in the process of participating in the processing of high-temperature materials, it will continuously reduce and release sulfur dioxide and other gases. The product after the reduction of graphene oxide can be called graphene (reduced graphene oxide).

3. (Silicon carbide) SiC epitaxial method

The SiC epitaxy method is to sublimate the silicon atoms from the material in the high-temperature environment of ultra-high vacuum, and the remaining C atoms are reconstituted in the form of self-organization, so as to obtain graphene based on SiC substrate. This method can obtain high-quality graphene, but this method has high requirements for equipment. [5]

Graphene film production method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of preparing graphene thin films by vapor deposition of carbon-containing organic gases as raw materials. This is currently the most efficient method for producing graphene films. The graphene prepared by this method has the characteristics of large area and high quality, but the cost is high at this stage, and the process conditions need to be further improved. Due to the thin thickness of graphene films, large-area graphene films cannot be used alone, and must be attached to macro devices to have use value, such as touch screens, heating devices, etc.

Main Categories (Generalized)

Edit

Single-layer graphene

Monolayer graphene (G

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of a layer of carbon atoms with a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) that are periodically tightly packed.

Bilayer graphene

Bilayer graphene (Bilaye

o

double-laye

g

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of two layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including AB stacking, AA stacking, AA' stacking, etc.).

Few-layer graphene

Few-laye (Few-laye

): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of 3-10 layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.).

Multilayer or thick layer graphene

Multilayer or thick-layer graphene (multi-laye

g

aphe

e): Refers to a thickness of more than 10 layers10

It is a two-dimensional carbon material composed of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.) in benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) below m.

Graphene powder production method

1. Mechanical peeling method

The mechanical stripping method is a method that uses the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene to obtain a thin layer of graphene material. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually retains its intact crystal structure [3]. In 2004, two British scientists used transparent tape to peel natural graphite layer by layer to obtain graphene, which was also classified as mechanical exfoliation, which was once considered to be inefficient and could not be industrialized and mass-produced.

In recent years, the industry has carried out a lot of R&D and innovation on the production method of graphene, and several companies in Xiamen, Guangdong and other provinces and cities have overcome the production bottleneck of low-cost large-scale preparation of graphene, and used mechanical stripping method to industrialize the production of low-cost and high-quality graphene.

2. Redox method

The redox method is to oxidize natural graphite by using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and oxidants such as potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, increasing the spacing between graphite layers, and inserting oxides between graphite layers to obtain graphite oxide (G

aphite Oxide)。 Then the reactant was washed with water, and the washed solid was dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder. Graphene oxide was prepared by stripping the graphite oxide powder by physical peeling and high-temperature expansion. Finally, graphene oxide is chemically reduced to obtain graphene (RGO). This method is simple to operate and has a high yield, but the product quality is low [4]. The redox method uses strong acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is more dangerous, and must use a large amount of water for cleaning, which brings greater environmental pollution.

Graphene prepared by redox method contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and is easy to modify. However, due to the reduction of graphene oxide, it is difficult to control the oxygen content of the reduced graphene, and the graphene oxide will continue to be reduced under the influence of sunlight and high temperature in the carriage during transportation, so the quality of graphene produced by redox method is often inconsistent and difficult to control the quality.

At present, many people confuse the concepts of graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide. Graphite oxide is brown in color and is a polymer of graphite and oxide. Graphene oxide is the product of stripping graphite oxide to a single, double or oligolayer, containing a large number of oxygen-containing groups, so graphene oxide is not conductive, graphene oxide is active in nature, and in the process of use, especially in the process of participating in the processing of high-temperature materials, it will continuously reduce and release sulfur dioxide and other gases. The product after the reduction of graphene oxide can be called graphene (reduced graphene oxide).

3. (Silicon carbide) SiC epitaxial method

The SiC epitaxy method is to sublimate the silicon atoms from the material in the high-temperature environment of ultra-high vacuum, and the remaining C atoms are reconstituted in the form of self-organization, so as to obtain graphene based on SiC substrate. This method can obtain high-quality graphene, but this method has high requirements for equipment. [5]

Graphene film production method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of preparing graphene thin films by vapor deposition of carbon-containing organic gases as raw materials. This is currently the most efficient method for producing graphene films. The graphene prepared by this method has the characteristics of large area and high quality, but the cost is high at this stage, and the process conditions need to be further improved. Due to the thin thickness of graphene films, large-area graphene films cannot be used alone, and must be attached to macro devices to have use value, such as touch screens, heating devices, etc.

Main Categories (Generalized)

Edit

Single-layer graphene

Monolayer graphene (G

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of a layer of carbon atoms with a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) that are periodically tightly packed.

Bilayer graphene

Bilayer graphene (Bilaye

o

double-laye

g

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of two layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including AB stacking, AA stacking, AA' stacking, etc.).

Few-layer graphene

Few-laye (Few-laye

): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of 3-10 layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.).

Multilayer or thick layer graphene

Multilayer or thick-layer graphene (multi-laye

g

aphe

e): Refers to a thickness of more than 10 layers10

It is a two-dimensional carbon material composed of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.) in benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) below m.

Graphene powder production method

1. Mechanical peeling method

The mechanical stripping method is a method that uses the friction and relative motion between the object and graphene to obtain a thin layer of graphene material. This method is simple to operate, and the resulting graphene usually retains its intact crystal structure [3]. In 2004, two British scientists used transparent tape to peel natural graphite layer by layer to obtain graphene, which was also classified as mechanical exfoliation, which was once considered to be inefficient and could not be industrialized and mass-produced.

In recent years, the industry has carried out a lot of R&D and innovation on the production method of graphene, and several companies in Xiamen, Guangdong and other provinces and cities have overcome the production bottleneck of low-cost large-scale preparation of graphene, and used mechanical stripping method to industrialize the production of low-cost and high-quality graphene.

2. Redox method

The redox method is to oxidize natural graphite by using chemical reagents such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and oxidants such as potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, increasing the spacing between graphite layers, and inserting oxides between graphite layers to obtain graphite oxide (G

aphite Oxide)。 Then the reactant was washed with water, and the washed solid was dried at low temperature to obtain graphite oxide powder. Graphene oxide was prepared by stripping the graphite oxide powder by physical peeling and high-temperature expansion. Finally, graphene oxide is chemically reduced to obtain graphene (RGO). This method is simple to operate and has a high yield, but the product quality is low [4]. The redox method uses strong acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is more dangerous, and must use a large amount of water for cleaning, which brings greater environmental pollution.

Graphene prepared by redox method contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and is easy to modify. However, due to the reduction of graphene oxide, it is difficult to control the oxygen content of the reduced graphene, and the graphene oxide will continue to be reduced under the influence of sunlight and high temperature in the carriage during transportation, so the quality of graphene produced by redox method is often inconsistent and difficult to control the quality.

At present, many people confuse the concepts of graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide. Graphite oxide is brown in color and is a polymer of graphite and oxide. Graphene oxide is the product of stripping graphite oxide to a single, double or oligolayer, containing a large number of oxygen-containing groups, so graphene oxide is not conductive, graphene oxide is active in nature, and in the process of use, especially in the process of participating in the processing of high-temperature materials, it will continuously reduce and release sulfur dioxide and other gases. The product after the reduction of graphene oxide can be called graphene (reduced graphene oxide).

3. (Silicon carbide) SiC epitaxial method

The SiC epitaxy method is to sublimate the silicon atoms from the material in the high-temperature environment of ultra-high vacuum, and the remaining C atoms are reconstituted in the form of self-organization, so as to obtain graphene based on SiC substrate. This method can obtain high-quality graphene, but this method has high requirements for equipment. [5]

Graphene film production method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of preparing graphene thin films by vapor deposition of carbon-containing organic gases as raw materials. This is currently the most efficient method for producing graphene films. The graphene prepared by this method has the characteristics of large area and high quality, but the cost is high at this stage, and the process conditions need to be further improved. Due to the thin thickness of graphene films, large-area graphene films cannot be used alone, and must be attached to macro devices to have use value, such as touch screens, heating devices, etc.

Main Categories (Generalized)

Edit

Single-layer graphene

Monolayer graphene (G

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of a layer of carbon atoms with a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) that are periodically tightly packed.

Bilayer graphene

Bilayer graphene (Bilaye

o

double-laye

g

aphe

e): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of two layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including AB stacking, AA stacking, AA' stacking, etc.).

Few-layer graphene

Few-laye (Few-laye

): refers to a two-dimensional carbon material composed of 3-10 layers of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in a benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.).

Multilayer or thick layer graphene

Multilayer or thick-layer graphene (multi-laye

g

aphe

e): Refers to a thickness of more than 10 layers10

It is a two-dimensional carbon material composed of carbon atoms that are periodically tightly packed in different stacking methods (including ABC stacking, ABA stacking, etc.) in benzene ring structure (i.e., hexagonal honeycomb structure) below m.