Since Fang Baojin met Yongzheng, the next day, Yongzheng ordered the guard Yang Dazhuang and the little eunuch Gao Wuyong to move Mr. Fang's books and family room, and designated a three-entry and two-horizontal courtyard house outside the Xihua Gate. Since then, Fang Bao, like the Kangxi Dynasty, has become a cloth-clothed prime minister who does not wear a robe and does not need to enter the dynasty with other ministers. Fang Bao didn't have much contact with Yongzheng in the mansion, and he was said to be a ruthless and unrighteous "cold-faced king". It's just that because the friendship with the Zhang family is too deep, Zhang Tingyu has saved his life, so he went to Yongzheng to say it, but he didn't think that this new master would be obedient to the first emperor and be so kind to him. After that, he was a little dazed and at a loss. On this day, Yongzheng returned to the Heart Cultivation Palace, and saw that Fang Bao was already cooking in the upper study, so he said leisurely:

"Mr. Fang, when the first emperor established the edict to pass on the throne, he hesitated between me and the fourteenth brother, and consulted his close ministers, what did you say, sir?"

Fang Bao was frightened, he couldn't figure it out, how could the conversation between him and Kangxi and the secret of the six ears be transmitted to Yongzheng's ears? Besides, what he said to Kangxi, even he can't remember clearly. He has said good things about Yongzheng, and he has also said bad things about him. What is the purpose of his rehashing the old story? I saw Yongzheng take out a yellow silk booklet from the desk box, turn to a page and unfold it, look at it and hand it over, and said with a smile:

"You may have forgotten, look at the imperial pen notes of the first emperor, and you will definitely be able to think about it again."

Fang Bao's hand trembled slightly, his heart fluttered, he took the notebook, looked at it with trepidation, and saw a few lines on the three hundred and eight pages of the booklet that read:

asked Fang Bao today: "All the sons are good, and the outstanding ones are the fourth elder brother and the fourteenth elder brother." But there is only one Lord in the world, who can be the one? Fang Bao replied: "There is only one way to decide the emperor's doubts!" Ask: "How?" He replied, "Look at the Holy Sun!" Good sons and grandsons can ensure the prosperity of three generations of the Qing Dynasty. I clapped my hands and praised the goodness: "Great words!" Sixty years of the first month of the valley Dan.

Fang Bao stared blankly at the familiar, meticulous handwriting, and tears welled up. Suddenly I thought, what does Yongzheng mean by showing me this? Kangxi died, and before and after the new emperor ascended the throne, he had left the palace and lived in seclusion in Xishan. I also heard the discussion in the head of the village of Shanye woodcutter, saying that someone tampered with the edict of succession and changed the "fourteenth elder brother" to "the fourth elder brother". Yongzheng is like this, do you want to borrow Fang Bao's pen to clarify the criticism of the government and the opposition? Even if Kangxi's notes are true, not forged (it is easy to imitate the handwriting of the first emperor), our bud did say the words of "viewing the holy sun", but who can guarantee that Kangxi Ye will really pass it to the "fourth elder brother" according to the will of our bud on the edict, and not to the "fourteenth elder brother" according to the will of other ministers or his holy will? Even if he loses his personality and writes whitewashed articles, what can he say?

"It's hard for you!" Yongzheng saw Fang Bao standing there silently, knowing that he was too excited to see the handwriting of the first emperor, so he sighed and said: "Mr. Fang, you have already pushed me to the furnace, and you have also pushed my son to the furnace!" The 'good holy grandson' you said is now my fourth prince Hongli, I want you to be his master, you have to assist the three generations of emperors for the Qing Dynasty, I want you to be responsible for all the time. Sir, can you promise? ”

Fang Baocheng knelt down in fear and said: "The virtue of the minister is thin and fresh, and he is shallow in learning, how can he be the teacher of Prince Bao, long live or find another virtuous Confucian!" ”

"Hurry up, please!" Yongzheng helped Fang Bao up and said slowly, "As long as you give a lecture to Brother Hongli, you will still be by my side to counsel the court, and Mr. Wang will not refuse." ”

Fang Bao didn't want to say anything more, and at this time, Xing Nian walked in and said:

"Long live the lord, Zhang Tingyu, Ma Qi, Long Keduo, as well as Li Wei, Tian Wenjing, Li Fu, Sun Jiagan, and Yang Mingshi came in, are you called in?"

"Call them in!" Yongzheng turned to Fang Bud and smiled, "Sir, just sit." After a while, eight people came in and saluted in front of the kang in the East Warm Pavilion. Zhang Tingyu and Ma Qi have been friends of Fang Bao for many years, and they greeted each other with their eyes, but the rest of them didn't know who was sitting next to the emperor, and after a glance, they turned their faces to listen to the emperor.

"Get up, give Zhang Tingyu, Ma Qi and uncle a seat." Yongzheng was in a good mood, glanced at the few young officials standing, and said with a slight smile, "I summoned a few of you related people to settle the two cases." Because the talent selection ceremony presided over by Li Fu is over, it is necessary to announce the yellow list. Li Wei, you are in charge of the two cases, you talk about it first! ”

"Piercing!" Li Wei pretended to take out the fold from the page of his boots and unfolded it, but in fact, he didn't read the words at all, and still relied on his memory to tell the conclusion of the two cases of Nuo Min's deficit case and the fraud in the science field. Yongzheng listened and didn't interject, and after Li Wei said for half an hour, Fang frowned and asked:

"Finished?"

"It's over."

"What is the punishment of Nuo Min and Compass?"

"Ministerial Discussion!"

Yongzheng got off the kang and asked, "What about the case?" ”

"The chief and deputy examiners Zhang Tinglu and Yang Mingshi found that the test questions were leaked, so they stopped the exam, sealed the Gongyuan, and handed over the excerpt the next day to report that there was fraud in the field. Therefore, the examiner has fulfilled his responsibilities as a minister, and in addition to removing the examiner, he has been released from prison in accordance with the order and will not be pursued. Li Wei made up his mind, bowed and said, "Among the examiners of the eighteen rooms of Shuntian Mansion, it was verified that five people were guilty of corruption and bribery and did not report it. As for how the exam questions were leaked, it seems difficult to verify, so it will be left for later discussion. ”

"Li Wei is finished, what do you think?" Yongzheng paced and looked around at the ministers. Sitting and standing, you look at me, I look at you, and no one dares to say anything. Suddenly, Sun Jiagan kowtowed, and said with a stalk around his neck:

"Long live, Li Wei was originally a capable minister in deciding the case, and the trial of Nuo Min's case was clear, and the disposal was fair; However, since the case of scientific research is 'difficult to verify', it is necessary to continue to investigate and find out, why did the gourd shout to close the case and kill people without mentioning it? ”

Yongzheng's face immediately fell, he didn't let Li Weishen investigate, because he was afraid that he would pull out the royal disputes at the beginning of the change, so he left a tail "for later discussion". How can this be clearly explained with the ugly monster of "twisting tendons"?

Fang Bao knew the mystery very well, and smiled at Sun Jiagan: "The next born boy, love, law, and reason have the right to be economic, light and heavy. With the greatness of heaven and earth and the depth of the Tao, how can it be measured with a ruler? The case was found to be corrupt and bribed, and had nothing to do with leaking test questions. It's not that the matter of leaking the topic is not investigated, and there is no clue at present, so it is reasonable to leave it for discussion later. Why don't you think about the truth of the law of taking your money from the saint and demoting your officials? ”

"Nuo Min and Zhang Tinglu are both ministers close to me in the future, killing Nuo Min and pardoning Zhang Tinglu, one strict and one lenient, both in accordance with the law." Yongzheng saw that Sun Jiagan was staring at the goldfish and wanted to refute, for fear that he would ask a question that was difficult to answer, so he waved his hand to stop him and said, "Nuo Min, Luo Jing, I don't want to cut them in half, let them kill themselves and leave a corpse." The matter in Shanxi has reached the point where it is today, it is not possible to open the killing ring, the killing ring is too large, and the two or three hundred officials in Shanxi Tong Province are all killed. Sun Jiagan, you are so thoughtful! ”

After Yongzheng finished speaking, he paced Tian Wenjing, Li Fu, Yang Mingshi and others with his hands behind his back, and said with a smile all the way:

"Tian Wenjing, expose the case of Shanxi Governor Nuo Min inviting merit to the master, you are meritorious, you go to Sichuan to be the governor and handle the affairs of Sichuan well. Ah, Li Fu, you presided over the ceremony when the turmoil was steep, and you did not make a mistake, and you saved the dignity of the court, which can be regarded as meritorious. You choose thirty copies of the first and second class rolls, and send them to me for reading. It's over, you go to be the political envoy of Hu Guangbu. There is also Yang Mingshi, when you go to Guizhou, Guizhou Governor Ding is worried about the vacancy, and you are good. Zhang Tingyu, Ma Qi and uncle, you handle their errand paperwork. In a few days, it will be the day of the rumor, and nothing else will be discussed, so kneel down! ”

Li Fu, Tian Wenjing, and Yang Mingshi thanked the emperor for his kindness, and withdrew from the Heart Cultivation Hall with several ministers of the upper study. All the ministers felt that the two cases were handled properly, and they laughed all the way, which seemed very relaxed, but Sun Jiagan seemed to be still indignant.

Zhang Tingyu returned to the mansion, and the whole family was anxiously waiting for him outside the second gate. The younger brother Tinglu and his wife, Tingyu and his wife, the eldest son Ruo Ai, and the second son Ruocheng were even more anxious like ants on a hot pot.

Although Tinglu was released from prison, when he was released from prison, Li Wei did not tell him whether the case was closed. Just say that you go back to your house and wait for the emperor's decree! Something so big happened, he had nightmares every night, and his heart was hanging all the time, and he didn't know what to do with Banzai - whether to remove him from his post and take the title, or to escort him back to Tongcheng to repent and study.

Tingyao, Ruo Ai, Ruo Cheng, uncles and nephews all participated in the beginning of the third brother and third uncle Zhang Tinglu exam, and then by Li Fu The exam began to be ambitious and confident, hoping that with his solid knowledge of ten years of hard study, the title of the gold list, he could not win the champion, but also won the list and explored the flowers. He passed on the face saint, went to the Qionglin banquet, and walked the streets, adding glory to the Zhang family. Who knew that there was a major fraud case in the Gongyuan, and his relatives were imprisoned. Later, when they took the test again, they were in a terrible mood. After handing in the answer sheet, I don't know what I wrote.

The three of their uncles and nephews are afraid of the name of Sun Shan, especially Ting Yao, who is close to the age of confusion and can no longer go to high school, so I am so sorry for my father and two brothers with heads and faces under Jiuquan.

"Second brother is back!"

"Dad, Dad!"

As soon as Zhang Tingyu entered the door, his two younger brothers and two sons took the lead in greeting him, and they scrambled to ask:

"Have you seen Master Li?"

"Has the emperor asked about two cases?"

"Why haven't you posted a yellow list yet?"

"Do we want to prepare to go back to Tongcheng, second brother, what does the emperor say?"

"Let's go into the room, sit down and talk!" Zhang Tingyu, who had gray temples, had just returned to the court, and when he went to the director of the study, he met Yongzhengye to summon him to discuss the two cases, his nerves were tense, and he was already physically and mentally exhausted. Zitong and his teenage baby daughter helped him into the West Flower Hall, Mrs. Wang held Mansun in her arms, slipped off the kang, patted Mangrande's buttocks and said:

"Whiskers, call grandpa!"

"yes yes-" Wei Wei's small mouth was not yet windy, and Zhang Tingyu laughed. Zitong helped him change his robe, took his grandson from his wife's men, and sat down in his arms. This time he resigned, Zhang Tingyu wanted to read at home, write manuscripts, and enjoy the joy of his children and grandchildren.

His eldest son Ruo Wei is thirty-two years old, his second son Ruo Cheng is twenty-eight years old, and his third son Ruo Wei is a twenty-five-year-old man, all of whom are married, and have given birth to a total of seven grandchildren. Zitong did not give birth, and recognized a son, who was seventeen or eighteen years old. Some of these four sons have been on errands in the ministry, and some have been admitted to the township examination for talent and promotion, but they are all studying hard and striving for the title of the gold list in the examination, at least one Jinshi.

Zhang Tingyu didn't expect that Yongzheng, the "cold face king" who has always been unkind and unrighteous, would be open to him. He resigned, but he said in Zhu Pi that he was "raising scabies", and after Enshi Tinglu was released, the emperor hurriedly summoned him and asked him to go back to the study to see things. Such a result, of course, is not unrelated to Mr. Fang's Linggao's agreement with the emperor.

When the whole family was eating dinner around the table, Zhang Tingyufang said slowly:

"The emperor's grace is vast, and the case has been closed. Yang Mingshi has been released as governor of Guizhou, and Tinglu seems to have nothing to worry about. Among the eighteen examiners, only two of those who took serious bribes were beheaded after the autumn, and the remaining three were assigned to serve in the army. Eldest brother and wife, you don't have to worry about going back to Tongcheng, just stay at home and wait for the emperor's holy decree! Tinglu has to learn a lesson, the Son of Heaven is forbidden to the palace, don't come and go casually, the prince and grandson, can't be too close. The imperial court was originally a place where dragons and tigers were hidden, and the dragon and tiger were killed, and this dynasty was still not as good as the Kangxi Dynasty, so you have to do it yourself. Speaking of this, he turned to Ting Yao and his two sons and said, "Long live the top 30 exam papers of the first and second grades, so the top four of the first class have to be ordered by the saints, and it is estimated that the yellow list will be announced tomorrow." Ruo Ai, Ruo Cheng, you don't have to worry about it, you are still young, your father is also a thirty-nine-year-old junior scholar, and now you have become a university scholar? As for the third brother, you don't have to worry. This time, the Gongyuan turmoil has been repeated, and it is considered to be off the list, and there are reasons to sign! With your sincerity, you must be cautious in your recruitment, and you will not worry that you will not be able to ...... high school in the future."

"Have you met the chief examiner, Master Li?" Ting Yao asked.

"See." Zhang Tingyu replied, "The emperor has sent him to serve as the political envoy of Huguangbu, and the officials have gone through the formalities, and he will leave soon." ”

"Didn't he say how my exam papers were?"

"Nope."

"You didn't ask?"

"Nope."

"Hey, I could have been a champion," Ting Yao sighed, "and it made the third brother's affair a mess." ”

"How can you blame me?" Tinglu said unhappily.

"Forget it, forget it," Zitong interjected, "As long as the family is safe and sound, it's good, it doesn't matter if he is high or low!" ”

A meal has not been eaten, the homely words are still in the ascendant, suddenly heard a sieve gong outside the door, a gang of street gangsters shouted and made a fuss into the second door, the front two officials held high the red wedding card, laughing and shouting:

"The emperor's grace is vast, Master Zhang Tingyu is overjoyed!"

Zhang Tingying and his wife at the dinner table ran out together when they heard the news, followed by the Ruowei Ruocheng brothers and the whole family, young and old, men and women. Zhang Tingyu and his wife walked at the end, but they already knew what was going on. Back then, Tingzan, Tingyu, and Tinglu High School were such a festive energy.

Ting Yao hurriedly stepped forward to look at the wedding post, only to see the red background gold powder brightly written:

Gong knocked on the old man Zhang Tingyu high school hall test first class fourth jinshi

Zhang Tingyao was stunned at first, then happy, and then a trace of imperceptible regret flashed in his eyes. He failed to be the top student in high school, Bangyan, and Tanhua, but after all, he won the fourth place. Moreover, the fourth place in the first class, as a rule, is the horn of the hall's roll call, which is very popular and dazzling.

"Which one is the official from the ministry?" Zhang Tingyao calmed down and asked from the crowd who came to report the good news.

The two pen posts flashed out, smiled and smiled, and said to greetings:

"You're a nouveau riche old man? Hello to you. ”

"Who's the first name?"

"If you go back to your master, the champion is Master Wang Wenshao......"

"Well, the son of the former scholar Wang Luo, it's not too unjust to lose to him. Okay, okay, give them a silver reward! Zhang Tingyao shouted to his wife, who had already brought the reward with her. The officials and street gangsters received different amounts of silver, and the gangsters went out in a swarm, but the officials said:

"Master, just now we went to the master's house first, and the doorman said that the master came to Prime Minister Zhang's mansion, and we will rush here. The adults should tell the nouveau riche that they will report to the ministry early tomorrow morning. The day after tomorrow, I went to the Baohe Temple to spread the face of the saint, this is a big event, and it cannot be delayed. ”

"Got it, please go back!"

Although the two sons did not report well, the youngest brother of the Zhang family was in high school, and the whole family was still happy. Returned to the flower hall to re-distribute the wine, and congratulated Ting Yao on finally winning the championship in this treacherous scientific examination.

Zhang Tinglu raised a toast to his brother and said:

"Brother in the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi, won the second place in the first class of the palace examination, the brother did not let the younger brother get the blessing but got the disaster, the younger brother is still the fourth place in the first class in high school, which shows that the younger brother's knowledge is above the brother, fortunately!"

"If my brother doesn't have an accident, my brother must be the champion!" Ting Jin drank Tinglu's toast and laughed.

Zhang Tingyu smiled on the side, he didn't expect the emperor to attach so much importance to Enke this time. Within two hours of the test paper in his hands, the yellow list was set. It was said that in a few days, the face of the saint will be passed on, and it will be the day after tomorrow. Probably anxious for Li Fu, Yang Mingshi, Tian Wenjing and others to take office, so they made such a decision.

Five drums in the morning of the next day, led by the official of the Ministry of Rites, Wang Wenshao, Yin Jishan, and Liu Molin, the champion, were the first, followed by Zhang Tingjiao and other 246 palace test 123 Jinshi, from the right door of the noon gate into the big inside, walked across the heavenly street, and walked towards the Taihe Palace. At this time, the sky is full of stars, the stars are like burning, the dawn is beginning to appear, only to see the corner of the eaves of the palace corridor, hanging a bright yellow palace lamp, flickering. A piece of silver light seems to be illusory, lined with the towering palace, spreading its wings and flying eaves, and the long queue of footsteps walks across the Jinshui Bridge, such as ascending the fairy world. Entering the Taihe Gate, looking up, I saw the three major halls standing majestically in the distance, in the morning light that gradually glowed with red glow, it was brilliant and dazzling. Next to the passage grade mountain, the royal forest sergeants stood tall with their swords hanging from their chests and waists, and stood like stone statues. Walking past these majestic royal guards, this group of new "nobles" was silent, and even their steps were lightened. Before he had even boarded the platform of the three major halls, he had already felt the majesty of the royal demeanor of the Nine Heavenly Gates.

The official of the Ministry of Rites led the scholars to the front of the Baohe Palace, and then signaled to stop—this was all explained repeatedly yesterday, and there is no need to say more. The Jinshi were silent, staring at the brilliant Baohe Palace, imagining the upcoming grace and honor, thinking that ten years of hard work in the cold window finally had the step to enter the body, and the glorious day of Tengda, one by one was full of admiration and tears. It didn't take long for You Mingtang, the attendant of the Ministry of Rites, to walk out of the Baohe Palace, walk to the south in front of everyone, and said loudly:

"By Holy Order!"

The jinshi shook their hands, the horseshoe sleeves beat a mountain, and the black crows knelt on the ground and sang in unison:

"Hooray! Banzai! Hooray! ”

You Mingtang said in a loud voice: "In accordance with the holy decree, Zhang Tingjiao, the fourth Jinshi of the first class, will be passed on by the roll call, and meet the holy face!" ”

"Piercing!" Zhang Tingyao crawled out from behind Liu Molin, kowtowed to the Baohe Palace, took the list held by You Mingtang with both hands, got up and bowed to the main hall again, and then turned his head and shouted a roll call:

"Champion Wang Wenshao, Bangyan Yin Jishan, Tanhua Liu Molin......" When he read his own name, his voice was a little astringent, but after reading twenty or thirty names, his voice was crisp and bright, and it was natural.

This is the so-called biography in front of the palace, Wang Wenshao took the lead, led the list eye, Tanhua and the Jinshi who sang the name behind, and entered the fish. Knelt down solemnly in the place designated by Xing Nian, and when Zhang Tingyao finally sang the last place of the 246th palace test first, second and third class jinshi, he followed in, knelt under Liu Molin, and it had already taken half a day. Everyone waited silently, and a layer of fine beads of sweat appeared all over their bodies.

Suddenly, I heard three silent whips in the hall, and then the sound of drums and bamboos, rising thinly. The great eunuch Li Dequan said in a loud voice:

"Long live the Lord is here!"

The upstarts suddenly realized that Emperor Yongzheng was not on the throne at all. Of course, no one dared to look up. At that time, Emperor Yongzheng walked out of Longmen in Xu Bu in the music, followed by Prince Yi Yunxiang, Prince Lian Yunxu and the ministers of the study Zhang Tingyu, Ma Qi and Uncle Long Keduo. Emperor Yongzheng may not have slept well all night, his face was a little tired, and he quietly went up to the Sumeru seat in the hall. The celebrant was the thirteenth master Yunxiang, and when he saw Yongzheng nodding to himself, he hurriedly bowed down, stood in front of the throne and said in a loud voice:

"In the first year of Yongzheng, the singing of Enke Jinshi has been completed, and all new middle school jinshi have knelt down to listen to the holy oracle!"

There was another "long live" sound of the mountain and tsunami.

Yongzheng took a sip of hot **, moistened his throat, and began to "oracle":

"You are all scholars, you don't need to be heavy to beat the drum, but you have to grind more for good steel. Last night, I carefully pressed your resume, among the 246 first-class-123 Jinshi in the palace examination, most of them were from humble backgrounds, and there were only 34 gentry and eunuchs, only 13 of the Enyin Gongsheng Hall were selected, and the remaining 46 were the sons of the famous provincial priests and the six Jiuqing disciples. He picked up the cup, held it in his hands but didn't drink it, and continued to say, "The country takes the soldiers, and compares them every three years, why?" In order to use you people to assist me in managing the government, or to appease the local government, manage civil affairs, and observe the people's feelings. Zi said, 'Learn and excel in learning', you are already the best among the students. You are born from children to show talents, from show talents to raise people, and jinshi, what do you rely on? Relying on articles and knowledge, what will you rely on to become officials in the future? I send you two words. ”

The hall was extremely quiet, Yongzheng paused for a moment and continued:

"Those two words are 'loyalty.'" 'Loyalty' means to be loyal to the Lord, not half-hearted, let alone duplicitous, yang and yin. 'Sincerity' is to be honest, not to be treacherous, to be a monk for a day and hit the clock for a day. You see, there is a Zhang Tingyu standing here, he is the second son of Zhang Ying, the prime minister of the former dynasty. Back then, like you, he also relied on the cold window to study hard to get into the body, he didn't rely on his father's shadow, he also heard the first emperor pass on the hadith, and now he is my confidant, he relies on the word 'loyalty'! Yongzheng moved his gaze to Zhang Tingyu and continued with feeling:

"Tingyu, you have been conscientious for decades, diligent and loyal, like your late father Wen Duangong, you have the 'style of an ancient minister', it's not easy! You are not shocked, and your quotation in this case turmoil shows that you attach importance to the overall situation of the court and are loyal. I will set an example for them today, and record it - Zhang Tingyu entered the first class of marquis, gave the Forbidden City a horse, and selected a descendant of Enyin Gongsheng, who accompanied the prince's clan to be selected. ”

"Hooray!" Zhang Tingyu never dreamed that the emperor would suddenly talk about himself, let alone give so many praises and rewards at once. Hurriedly lifted his robe, threw off his sleeves, knelt down, kowtowed, and said:

"Long live such an honor, how dare a minister be—"

Yongzheng waved his hand and shouted:

"I said, you deserve to set an example for these 246 jinshi. As for Zhang Tinglu's matter, it has also been investigated, and he went to Jiangsu to study politics, and it is better to leave the capital temporarily. Don't you have another younger brother, ah, it's called Zhang Tingjiao, or the fourth Jinshi in the first class of the roll call. Wen Duangong has been my master, and his family education is well-organized, and several sons have all been admitted to Jinshi. I won't talk about this, Zhang Tingyu, kneel down! With that, he smiled and drank the half-cold milk in the milk cup.

Next, Yun Xiang sang:

"The champion led all the jinshi to express their gratitude!"

Zhang Tingyu was like a dream, got up and returned to his original position, and when he saw Long Keduo and Yun Yu staring at him with blue faces, he gasped again. He didn't have the heart to find out about the champion article that was praised by the champion Gong Jin and thanked him for his extravagance, and there seemed to be a new bloody storm in the palace in front of him.

362

First of all, let's talk about the clothing of the Qing emperors. The emperor's clothing is not only to protect against the heat and cold, but also to be a symbol of status and power, and a manifestation of sacredness and majesty. In the Qianlong period, the crown and clothing system was perfected, which not only retained the custom of draping collars and horseshoe sleeves in Manchu costumes, but also followed the tradition of "advocating yellow and cloud dragons" of Chinese emperors. On the yellow dragon robe there are also twelve figures symbolizing imperial power, that is, twelve chapters: sun, moon, stars, mountains, dragons, fire, and so on. The best metaphors and praises in the world are used on the emperor's clothes, which are used to express the divine power of the emperor and the perfection of the emperor's virtue and wisdom.

The emperors of the Qing Dynasty wore clothes and hats, which was stipulated by a strict system, and this system was inseparable from the season. The emperor wears clothes according to the season, which are leather, cotton, clip, single, yarn a variety of textures, styles, color specifications, and he has strict regulations for decoration.

ceremonial dresses are worn during ceremonies and court administration, that is, court clothes and gowns; On the festive days of the New Year, he wears auspicious clothes, also known as dragon robes; Usually wear regular clothes, also known as casual clothes, hunting clothes; The hat should be matched with the clothes, which are the crown of the court, the crown of auspicious clothes, the crown of regular clothes, and the crown of line clothes. Each type of clothing has the distinction between leather and cotton, clip, single and yarn in winter and summer.

The emperor's clothes were not only varied, but also changed frequently. In the Qing Palace, there are not only four deacons to store the emperor's clothing, but also a group of eunuchs every day to manage the emperor's clothing and wear. Not only that, but also established a kind of file called "Wear File", which recorded in detail the wearing of the emperor's daily clothes.

It is recorded that

Before the Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, this place followed the Ming system, since the Yongzheng Emperor moved to the Yangxin Palace, here is as an important place for the emperor to summon the courtiers, review the chapters, deal with daily government affairs, receive the courtiers of foreign vassal states and receive congratulations and hold banquets in the year. Some daily offices, including the upper study room where the prince studied, were also moved into the rooms around the Qianqing Palace, and the use function of the Qianqing Palace was greatly strengthened.

In the first year of Yongzheng, an edict was issued to build a storage box for the crown prince to store the "Zhengda Guangming" plaque of the Qianqing Palace. The Kangxi and Qianlong dynasties also held a thousand banquets here. It is now displayed in the original state of court life.

The Qianqing Palace is the front hall of the inner court of the Forbidden City. It was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420). The hall is 20 meters high, the face is wide and nine, there is a plaque of "Zhengda Guangming" hung in the middle of the hall, it is the imperial book of the Shunzhi Emperor, and the two sides of the hall are equipped with the "Jiangshan Golden Palace" and "Sheji Golden Palace" that symbolize the political power. Qianqing Palace was the sleeping palace of the emperor and empress in the Ming Dynasty; During the Shunzhi and Kangxi periods of the Qing Dynasty, it was the emperor's dormitory and a place to deal with government affairs. Emperor Yongzheng moved the dormitory to Yangxinzhai, where the inner court ceremony was held.

The 14 emperors of the Ming Dynasty and the two emperors of the Qing Dynasty, Shunzhi and Kangxi, all used the Qianqing Palace as their sleeping palace. They live here and handle day-to-day government affairs. The emperor also studied and studied, reviewed the recitals, summoned officials, received foreign envoys, and held court ceremonies and family banquets.

The main hall of the Qianqing Palace hangs a huge plaque of "Zhengda Guangming". These four big characters are written by the Shunzhi imperial pen in the Qing Dynasty. The feudal rulers advertised on the surface, but secretly they were intrigued, and the struggle between the princes for the throne was quite fierce. Since the beginning of the Yongzheng Dynasty, in order to alleviate this contradiction, the Yongzheng Emperor adopted the method of secretly establishing a prince, that is, the emperor did not publicly establish the crown prince during his lifetime, but secretly wrote the document of the heir to the throne, in duplicate, one by the emperor's side; One is sealed in the "building storage box", and the one that the emperor secretly hides by his side is inspected together, and the heir who is secretly designated will be the emperor's throne. In the late Qing Dynasty, since Emperor Xianfeng had only one son, and Emperor Tongzhi and Emperor Guangxu had no sons, this method did not need to be used.

In the Qianqing Palace, there were two thousand banquets. Once in the 61st year of Kangxi (1722) and once in the 50th year of Qianlong (1785). The second banquet was the largest, with more than 3,000 people over the age of 60 attending the banquet held by Emperor Qianlong, including ministers, officials, sergeants, civilians, craftsmen, and other people. At that time, the Qianlong Emperor also summoned the ministers of Yipin and those over 90 years old to the throne to give wine, and gave each person crutches and other items. At the banquet, there were more than 3,400 poems in the republic. Display "the whole world celebrates, share the level" to appease the people.

In the Qing Dynasty, the Qianqing Palace was also the place where the emperor's coffin was parked after his death, and no matter where the emperor died, his coffin (called Zi Palace) had to be transported to the Qianqing Palace for a few days. Emperor Shunzhi died in the Yangxin Palace, Emperor Kangxi died in Changchun Garden, Emperor Yongzheng died in the Old Summer Palace, and Emperor Xianfeng died in the summer resort, all of them transported their coffins back to the Qianqing Palace, and after paying tribute according to the prescribed ceremony, they stopped at the Jingshan Shouhuang Palace and other places, and finally selected the date to officially go out of the funeral and be buried in the Qing Dongling of Zunhua County, Hebei Province or the Qingxi Tomb of Yi County.

Since Jiaqing, the emperor has gradually become lazy and rarely diligent. After Xianfeng, the imperial gate was abandoned. In the Tongzhi and Guangxu dynasties, the emperor succeeded to the throne at an early age, and the queen mother listened to the government, and it became another way to deal with government affairs.

In the late Qing Dynasty, there were three curtains to listen to the government: the first was from the first year of Tongzhi to February of the twelfth year of Tongzhi, with a total of eleven years and two months

Every day from 11 a.m. to 2:30 p.m., it was the emperor's time to rest and have dinner, according to the records of the "Imperial Palace", the emperor generally had dinner at one or two o'clock every afternoon, and then reviewed the recitals of various ministries and local officials, and then began to study.

During the period from 2:30 p.m. to 5 p.m., the emperor mainly read books, studied, recited poems and painted, or was accompanied by his concubines to watch plays, listen to music and other entertainment activities.

The Qing Dynasty royal family attached great importance to the education of the prince. They began to study at the age of six, and were taught by the emperor and learned the Four Books and Five Classics, the Historical Records, the Hanshu Poems, the Manchu, Mongolian and Han scripts, and the archery. Learning every day never stops. The emperor who ascended the throne at an early age had to be carefully cultivated and rigorously trained.

Emperor Shunzhi and Emperor Kangxi were diligent in studying Chinese books from an early age. When Kangxi ascended the throne at the age of eight, he learned the scriptures and poems left over from the Ming Dynasty court. Qianlong studied in the upper study at the age of eleven, and there were still scholars in the Jiaqing and Daoguang dynasties. In the Xianfeng era, because his son Zaichun became a little emperor without enrollment, he first studied in Hongdejeon, and then went to Yuqing Palace to study systematically. Guangxu and Xuantong were also enthroned before entering the school, and they both studied in Yuqing Palace.

After the emperor became in power, in addition to dealing with the government affairs, reviewing the chapters, and continuing to study, the content of study was mainly classics and history, poetry, calligraphy and painting, as well as astronomy, mathematics, music, medicine, physics and other natural science content. Emperor Kangxi read until midnight when he was a child, and not only read Confucian classics by heart, but also paid attention to learning natural sciences such as astronomy and geography, mathematics, and medicine. Emperor Kangxi appointed Western missionaries Xu Risheng, Zhang Cheng, Bai Jin and others with expertise as teachers, and took turns to teach him in the Yangxin Hall and the Hongde Hall.

Several emperors in the early Qing Dynasty were more diligent and hardworking, so their studies were quite effective, and they all had a deep Han cultural cultivation.

Emperor Shunzhi can be good at calligraphy and painting, once painted "cattle herding picture" to the National Academy of History, the Qianqing Palace's "Zhengda Guangming" plaque is written by his own hand. Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong both wrote good calligraphy, and the so-called "prosperous era of Kangqian" had a lot to do with the high cultural quality of these emperors.

In addition to his daily office and study, the emperor also arranged entertainment activities. The entertainment activities in the Qing Palace include piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, flowers, birds, fish and insects, appreciating cultural relics and antiques, flying kites and so on. Since each emperor had different hobbies, the entertainment content was also different.

Kangxi loved music, studied music rhythms, and also studied foreign music. Qianlong is proficient in calligraphy and painting, and also likes to collect cultural relics and appreciate antiques. The most common entertainment activity of the emperor of the Qing Dynasty was to watch the play, many stages were built in the Qing Palace, and there are the "Changyin Pavilion" big stage, the stage in the Imperial Garden Shufangzhai Courtyard, the stage in the courtyard of Changchun Palace, and the small stage of Tiqinzhai and the small stage of Shufangzhai and so on.

In the Qing Dynasty, the court opera troupe was mainly composed of eunuchs, and the name of the Qing court theater agency responsible for performance affairs had different names in different eras. During the Shunzhi period, it was called the Jiaofang Division, and when it arrived at Yongzheng, it was changed to the Harmony Department, and during the Qianlong period, it was called Nanfu, and later to Daoguang for seven years, and the Daoguang Emperor changed the "Nanfu" to be called the "Shengping Department". Emperor Qianlong was fond of both watching operas and studying drama music. Guangxu Puyi in the late Qing Dynasty also liked to watch Peking Opera, especially the Empress Dowager Cixi, who could be regarded as a super opera fan. At that time, in addition to her liking to watch court performances, after 30 years of Guangxu, she often invited folk opera troupes to perform in the palace, and mainly watched the famous actors of the folk opera troupes at that time to act in the court.

From seven to nine o'clock in the evening, the emperor worships the gods and then goes to bed.

Samoniism is the primitive religion practiced by the Manchus. Before entering the customs, Nurhachi set up a hall and set up a god pole to worship the gods regularly, and after entering the customs, the Shunzhi Emperor established a system of worshipping the gods in the morning and evening. In the morning, Sakyamuni, Guansheng Emperor is worshipped, Mongolian gods are sacrificed in the evening, and the founding goddess of the Manchu Aixinjue Luo clan is sacrificed, and there are also daily sacrifices, moon sacrifices, spring and autumn festivals, and so on.

The Qing Dynasty revered the Yellow Religion, but it did not exclude other traditional religions. For this reason, there are more than 40 places dedicated to Buddha and Taoism in the Qing Palace, which are distributed in various places in the palace.

The emperor enters the Buddhist hall every morning and evening to burn incense, reads Buddhist scriptures on the first day of the new month, and goes to the gods and Buddhas in each hall to make incense. There are Buddha statues and shrines in the main palaces of the inner court, and the emperors not only believe in Buddhism and worship Buddha, but also Yongzheng, Qianlong and other emperors have a deep attainment in Buddhism, and have written many articles on Buddhist experience.

Sacrifice to the Qing emperors was a major event in their lives, and it was also a national event in the Qing Dynasty. Sacrifices include worshipping the heavens and the earth, the sun and the moon, altars and ancestors, and more than 80 times a year. According to the specifications, it is divided into three types: large rituals, middle rituals, and group rituals.

In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, it was stipulated that the sacrifice of heaven, earth, prayer valley, Taimiao, and Sheji was a major ritual, among which the sacrifice of heaven and earth, Taimiao and Sheji, the emperor should personally participate, about ten times a year. If the emperor is unable to participate in the ceremony, he can also let the prince or prince whom he values be sacrificed on his behalf. Therefore, people often judge whether this person is relied on by the emperor from who the emperor chooses to sacrifice on his behalf.

After the worship was over, the emperor rested a little and went back to bed. So where did the emperor live?

People may be concerned about another big thing after the emperor goes to bed: the emperor's sex life. The queen, her concubines, and nobles lived in the six palaces of the east and west, and they were always there, promising not to have their own housing, and to live with the concubines.

After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, it still followed the regulations of the Ming Dynasty, and the Xinuan Pavilion of the Qianqing Palace was the emperor's bedroom. However, there were only two emperors of the Qing Dynasty who lived in the Qianqing Palace, Shunzhi and Kangxi, and the emperors of all generations after Yongzheng, all lived in the apse of the Yangxin Palace. The emperor's empress and concubines lived in the six palaces of the east and west.

According to the royal family rules, the emperor who ascended the throne at an early age reached the age of fifteen, and reached the age of marriage, and after the wedding ceremony, the newlyweds lived together for three days in the Dongnuan Pavilion Cave Room of Kunning Palace, and then each returned to their own bedrooms. For example, after the Guangxu Emperor in the late Qing Dynasty, the emperor lived in the back bedroom of the Yangxin Palace, and the Empress Longyu lived in the Zhongcui Palace in the East and West Sixth Palaces.

According to the rules, the emperor could not go to the palace of concubines to spend the night, and if the emperor wanted any concubines to sleep with him, he could only summon them to the emperor's bedroom, which was called "summoning luck". Who to summon that night was decided by the emperor turning over the "cards" at dinner. Because the top of the "card" is painted green, it is also called the "green card".

In addition to summoning concubines, the green head card in the Qing Palace has a variety of other uses.

The concubines who were fortunate did not return to their bedrooms that night, but they could not stay in the emperor's dormitory all night, so there was a temporary residence near the dormitory. For example, the Tishun Hall, Yanxi Hall and its east and west enclosures on the east and west sides of the dormitory behind the Yangxin Palace are all temporary places for concubines to live.

In addition to daily life and handling government affairs, the Qing emperor also presided over some special large-scale events, such as longevity, weddings, funerals, and field trips.

The emperor's birthday is called Wanshou Festival, and there are birthday celebrations every time there is a birthday celebration. The most solemn longevity festival of the Qing Dynasty is the emperor's birthday, that is, the birthday of ten years, such as Kangxi's 60th birthday, Qianlong's 70th birthday, 80th birthday and Jiaqing's 50th birthday.

Compared with previous emperors, the emperors of the Qing Dynasty had a much larger living space, such as the Kangxi Emperor who personally conquered Geldan three times, and went to Wutai Mountain, the east and the south many times; Emperor Qianlong once went to the south of the Yangtze River six times and traveled all over the beautiful scenery of Suzhou and Hangzhou.

In order not to forget the martial spirit of Manchuria, the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors held the Mulan Autumn Hunt almost every year, and at the same time summoned the Mongolian princes. However, by the end of the Qing Dynasty, patrolling and hunting activities basically stopped.

On the eighth day of July in the twenty-eighth year of Kangxi, the imperial concubine was seriously ill, and the Kangxi Emperor sent an edict to the Ministry of Rites: "The Empress Dowager's mercy, the imperial concubine Tong, filial piety, Shuyi, Ju Yu's sons are extremely gracious and diligent. The former Jiuqing ministers have repeatedly invited the establishment of the Middle Palace, but they have little thinking and have not allowed to be postponed. Today, in accordance with the order of mercy, the imperial concubine Tong is the queen, and the ceremony should be carried out, and the Ministry will discuss it. "On the ninth day of the first month, the imperial concubine Tong was appointed as the queen and the edict was issued to the world; On the 10th day of the first month (3 p.m. to 5 p.m.), the queen collapsed. In fact, she only served as queen for one day. Emperor Kangxi dropped out of the dynasty for five days. On the thirteenth, the queen Ziguan was moved to the palace outside the Chaoyang Gate. On September 19, 28, she was named Empress Xiaoyi, and on October 11, she was moved to the palace of Empress Xiaoyi to Jingling, and was buried in the two queens of filial piety and filial piety. Harmonious. Zheng, Qianlong, and Jiaqing, accumulating. To the fourth year of Jiaqing, the full name of the name: filial piety, gentleness, sincerity, duanren, Xianmu and Luo Cihui, Fengtianzuo, Empress Shengren.

Yongzheng's biological mother - Empress Xiaogongren

Empress Wu Yashi, Xiaogongren, was born in the seventeenth year of Shunzhi, a native of the Yellow Banner of Manchuria, and the daughter of the mighty leader of the Protector Army. When he first entered the palace to serve Emperor Kangxi, he gave birth to the fourth son of the emperor on October 30 of the 17th year of Kangxi (1679), that is, Emperor Yongzheng. On October 13, 18 years, she was registered as a concubine at the age of 20. In the nineteenth year, he was born the sixth son of the emperor, Yinzuo. On December 20, 20, she was named Concubine De. Twenty-one years old, the seventh daughter of the emperor; Twenty-two years old, the ninth daughter of the emperor; Twenty-five years old, the emperor and twelve daughters; In the twenty-seventh year, the fourteenth son of the emperor was born to the king of the county. In November of the 61st year of Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng ascended the throne, and Concubine De was promoted to the empress dowager. The ministers put on the emblem for the queen mother, but she insisted on not allowing it. On May 22 of the first year of Yongzheng, the Empress Dowager fell ill, and Emperor Yongzheng personally went to Yonghe Palace to serve the decoction day and night. On the 23rd, the ugly moment (1 to 3 o'clock in the evening) Empress Xiaogongren collapsed. The Empress Zigong was enshrined in Ningshou Palace, and Emperor Yongzheng set up a funeral in the Cangzhen Gate. Leaning on the house for the ancient mourners, leaning on the wood for the house, starting under the east wall outside the middle gate, first put a piece of wood on the ground five feet away from the wall, standing five oaks on the east wall, covering it with straw, the north and south exits are also screened with straw curtains, opening to the north, not plastering the inside and outside, that is, the grass shed. Emperor Yongzheng was forty-five years old at the time, and he went to his mother's Zi Palace three times a day to serve food, wailing and crying. The Empress Dowager died during the mourning of Emperor Kangxi, and on May 26, she moved to the Empress Dowager's Zi Palace and was enshrined in the Shouhuang Palace. On June 20, the Prime Minister and other officials met and respectfully invited the four queens to join the Holy Ancestral Temple, respect and add the word "benevolence". Emperor Yongzheng's edict: "I only want to promote the queen mother to the temple, the ceremony is critical, if you want to extend the filial piety of the courtiers, you must allow the previous generation to become a constitution, and it must be reasonable and agreeable, which can be shown for ten thousand years." According to the Song Dynasty Taizong and Zhenzong's four queen temples, Emperor Yongzheng took this as an example and decreed: "Gong Wei Xiao Chengren Empress Yuan, Chenji, Xiao Zhaoren Empress, Xiao Yiren Empress succeeded to the middle palace." Empress Xiaogongren was born and bowed, and the mother was the world. According to the ritual of the first Confucian temple: one yuan after the other, one succession, one life, and one life, in parallel. Today's queen mother was promoted to the second position, and was the first to be the queen of filial piety, the second to the queen of filial piety, the second to the queen of filial piety, the second to the queen of filial piety. In this way, it is in line with the ancient rites, and my heart is also at ease. "