CHAPTER 347: BOLD-FMRI [Asking for a Monthly Pass, Asking for a Subscription]
Wow, the examination table moved to the ring magnet, Gu Jun remained motionless, relaxed his mind, didn't think about anything, and let the device take a picture of his control state first.
While the FMRI machine was running, in front of the operating workbench in the front room, Professor Ma, Dr. Shen and others were looking at the images on several computer screens.
At this time, the blood flow of Gu Jun's brain is displayed in the image, but only professionals can understand what the different colors and color brightness of different brain regions mean, as well as the information revealed by parameters such as MR value, TE value, and T2 value.
Not to mention Wu Shiyu, Cai Zixuan can only look at the picture and sigh.
"Ah Jun's state is normal." Dr. Shen said something to them.
After a while, after entering enough control state image data, Professor Ma said to Gu Jun through the loudspeaker in the examination room: "Ah Jun, let's do the stimulation task next, and ascend from light to heavy." First I'll say the noun of the anomaly, and you listen carefully. If you have a headache, don't put it down, let us know the severity of your situation with your scream, and if you can't stand it, be sure to tell me to stop immediately. ”
"Okay." Gu Jun in the examination room responded, "Professor Ma, you can start." ”
Professor Ma had a calm middle-aged face, and he began to slowly say the names one by one: "Spells, Deep Divers, Alien Ficus Disease, Human Alien Ficus Tree......
With Professor Ma's words, the color brightness of the brain images on the screen suddenly increased, and the neuronal activity in Gu Jun's brain became more active.
"Heteroscale, ritual, Dagon, Tian Yiqing......" Professor Ma said, the brighter the color of the image, and the more nervous the mood of the crowd became.
"Ahh Gu Jun suddenly let out a cry of pain, and he felt the pain in his head change from a dull pain to a sharp pain, which had made his body start to stiffen a little.
This is his state of stress, and this is the state of the task of this check. By subtracting the blood flow map from the control state from the blood flow map of the task state, it is possible to find brain parts related to the mental operations specific to the task state, and now the results are displayed on a single screen.
Dr. Shen naturally understood the image, and when he saw it, he frowned, and whispered to Wu Shiyu and the others: "The blood flow in the prefrontal lobe, amygdala, and hippocampus has increased significantly. ”
Cai Zixuan couldn't help but sigh suddenly, and scratched his bald forehead, these three places are not a good thing......
He has read some research literature on PTSD, and one of the main research results of brain imaging of PTSD is to find that the patient's hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala, prefrontal lobe, etc. have abnormal function, so there is a pathological hypothesis of "prefrontal-amygdala-hippocampal circuit".
That is, the damage to the prefrontal lobe leads to the weakening of function, which weakens the regulation and control of the amygdala, and makes the amygdala over-enhance its response to phobia, and the damage to the hippocampus itself and the dysregulation of the connection with the prefrontal lobe and amygdala are also involved in the process of impairing the patient's memory.
The results of the current blood flow changes are consistent with the typical manifestations of local brain activity in this hypothesis.
The location of the previous cerebral hemorrhage was the right prefrontal lobe, and if the prefrontal lobe was dysfunctional due to the injury and related surgery, the cause could be found.
"Ah Jun, now increase the excitement, you think back to what happened on that small island." Professor Ma added, "If you can't stand it, stop, don't force it. ”
Gu Jun complied with this stimulating task, and his head hurt so much that he was about to be unbearable, and his breathing turned into wheezing.
Then came the heaviest mission, and the nurse next to the FMRI gave him a document full of pictures of anomalous things like the corpse of a deep diver and a patient with banyan disease. Gu Jun had only seen two or three of them, and his head was so painful that there were signs of involuntary twitching of the muscles of his whole body before the seizure, and he suddenly closed his eyes and stopped.
And this is the end of the stimulation task of this examination, but Gu Jun did not leave the examination table for the time being, and let the machine continue to record the changes in blood flow in the brain during his calming process.
On the other side, Professor Ma and Dr. Shen looked at the comparison images on the computer, and their faces became more and more ugly and a little surprised......
When Gu Jun recalled the traumatic scene, the blood flow continued to increase; When he looked at the stress pictures, he experienced hemodynamic upheavals, not only in the prefrontal lobe, amygdala and hippocampus, but also in the whole brain, and the blood flow in the whole brain increased dramatically, and this physiological response was much stronger than that of ordinary PTSD patients.
Moreover, such rapid global cerebral congestion is very dangerous, which will lead to a sudden increase in blood pressure, and it is easy to rupture the microvessels in the brain and cause bleeding.
Considering that Gu Jun also has a history of cerebral hemorrhage and craniotomy, this level of stress is fatal to him.
"Not optimistic, really not optimistic......," Dr. Shen muttered, not a pessimistic person, but feeling helpless at this time.
After Gu Jun came out of the examination room, as soon as he saw their expressions, he knew that the situation was not optimistic.
When he looked at the results of those images, he was a little dazed, is the function caused by the damage to the prefrontal lobe abnormal, this is difficult to treat......
"Xianjun." Wu Shiyu patted him on the shoulder, "You were still in a coma half a month ago, so it will get better slowly." ”
"Hmm." Gu Jun nodded to her, and said to Professor Ma: "Professor Ma, I want to do MRI and MRS as well, check it out." ”
MRI is an MRI, which is used in brain morphometry and MRS is in vivo magnetic resonance spectrometry, which can measure the volume of the hippocampus and assess whether there is loss or damage to hippocampal neurons. Because changes in the structure of the hippocampus are typical of patients with PTSD.
Both of these tests require the introduction of radioactive substances, i.e., contrast agents, which were previously difficult to use due to concerns about side effects on the body.
Now that Gu Jun asked for it, and BOLD-FMRI could not show the structure of his hippocampus, Professor Ma and Dr. Shen agreed to conduct the examination after some discussion, but first let Gu Jun rest in the laboratory for three hours. Then the nurse gave him a contrast agent, and then he did an MRI and then an MRS.
MRI is an anatomical image, while MRS is a synthesis of all chemical signals in the measured individual, and the measurement result is a spectrum of multiple spectral lines.
Gu Jun's MRI image showed indirect signs of hippocampal volume reduction - his lateral ventricle temporal angle was enlarged, and the shallow sulcus of the hippocampal head disappeared.
The MRS results also showed that there was a signal of a reduced number of neurons in his hippocampus.
On this day, Gu Jun also did some other tests, such as blood tests to measure BDNF levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and BDNF levels in PTSD patients are usually lower than normal. Now his BDNF level is on the low side, and it has dropped significantly compared to the results of his last medical examination.
There is research data from the Tianji Bureau that the BDNF level of people with high gnosis will be higher than that of normal people, which may also be the source of their gnosis.
Now Gu Jun seems to have not only lost his high gnosis, but also has the neuroendocrine characteristics of PTSD pathology.
All these test results are put together, and Professor Ma knows what the answer is...... Gu Jun's brain form has indeed changed.
"Ah Jun, you go back and have a good rest first, relax, don't think so much, we will discuss a treatment plan that is most suitable for you." Dr. Shen pretended to be relaxed and comforted, and sent Gu Jun and the others out of the laboratory.
Then, Dr. Shen and Professor Ma came to the conference room next to them for a remote meeting, and Tong Ye, Yao Shinian, and the director of the bureau were all waiting for the inspection report.
Said the robot Vali
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