There is also an interesting story about the origin of the title of the book "Compendium of Materia Medica". In 1578, Li Shizhen, who was sixty years old, completed the "Compendium of Materia Medica", but unfortunately the title of the book has not yet been determined. One day, when he returned from a medical trip, he was accustomed to sitting at his table. When he saw at a glance that the "Tongjian Compendium" he had read was still on his desk, his heart suddenly moved, and he immediately picked up his pen, dipped it in ink, and wrote on the white cover of the manuscript "Compendium of Materia Medica" in four vigorous and powerful characters. He looked at it and said to himself excitedly: "Yes, it's called "Compendium of Materia Medica"!" For the style of this book, Li Shizhen thought about it for a long time, also read a lot of books, and got inspiration from the "Tongjian Compendium", and decided to use the style of "Compendium of Materia Medica" to compile this book, and used the name "Compendium of Materia Medica" as the title of this book that he had collected, sorted, and compiled for 27 years.

Compendium of Materia Medica

Its achievements, first of all, changed the original classification method of upper, middle and lower grades in the classification of drugs, and adopted the scientific classification of "analyzing the group and subclassifying the subheading". It divides drugs into mineral drugs, botanical drugs, and animal drugs. Mineral medicine is divided into four parts: gold, jade, stone, and halogen. According to the performance, morphology, and growth environment of plants, it is divided into 5 parts: grass, grain, vegetable, fruit, and wood; The grass is divided into sub-categories such as mountain grass, fragrant grass, awakening grass, poisonous weed, aquatic grass, vine grass, and stone grass. The animal category is arranged in the order of evolution from low to high level into 6 parts: insect department, scale department, intermediate department, bird department, animal department, and human department. There is also a server department. This taxonomy has been transitioned to a system that evolves naturally. From inorganic to organic, from simple to complex, from low to high, this taxonomy clearly contains the idea of biological evolution and was highly valued by Darwin. In his book "The Variation of Animals and Plants in Domestic Breeding", Darwin cites the information in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" about the seven varieties of chickens and the domestication of goldfish. In particular, the scientific classification of plants predates the Swedish taxonomist Linnaeus by 200 years.

The Compendium of Materia Medica covers a wide range of scientific fields such as medicine, pharmacology, biology, mineralogy, chemistry, environment and biology, heredity and variation. In the history of chemistry, it recorded a series of chemical reactions such as pure metals, metals, metal chlorides, and sulfides. At the same time, some operation methods used in modern chemical industry, such as distillation, crystallization, sublimation, precipitation, and drying, are also recorded. Li Shizhen also pointed out that the moon, like the earth, is a celestial body with mountains and rivers, "the moon is a ghost, and the one who whispers in it is the shadow of the mountains and rivers." "Compendium of Materia Medica" is not only a masterpiece of pharmacology in China, but also an encyclopedia in ancient China. As Li Jianyuan pointed out in "Compendium of Materia Medica": "From the tomb to the legend, everything that is related is not collected. ”

The Compendium of Materia Medica (Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine) "Compendium of Materia Medica" has a total of 52 volumes, containing 1,892 kinds of medicines, including 374 kinds of new drugs, collecting 11,096 medical prescriptions, and the book also draws 1,111 exquisite illustrations, 11,096 prescriptions (of which more than 8,000 are collected and formulated by Li Shizhen himself), about 1.9 million words, divided into 16 parts, 60 categories. Each drug is divided into the following items: Interpretation (determining the name), Jijie (describing the place of origin), Correctness (correcting errors in past literature), Repair (processing method), Odor, Indications, Invention (the first three refer to the analysis of the function of the drug), and Prescription (collecting prescriptions circulated among the people). There are 881 kinds of botanicals included in the book, 61 appendices, a total of 942 species, plus 153 named unused plants, a total of 1095 species, accounting for 58% of the total number of medicines. Li Shizhen divides the plant into five parts: grass, grain, vegetable, fruit, and headquarters, and divides the grass part into nine categories, including mountain grass, fragrant grass, wet grass, poisonous weed, vine grass, aquatic grass, stone grass, moss grass, and weeds, which is a precious heritage in the treasure house of medicine in China. It is a systematic summary of traditional Chinese medicine before the 16th century, known as the "great book of oriental medicine", and has the greatest influence on modern human science. "Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" is a long vernacular historical romance of the Ming Dynasty. When King Xuan of Zhou was easily killed, and when Bao Xi happened to live, "The Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" opened the prelude to its centuries-long history. This is the one with the longest span of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign time, and the most characters, describing the story of the "nations" in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The plain story about the story of the "nations" was first produced in the Yuan Dynasty.

The "Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" is written about the historical stories from the Western Zhou Dynasty (789 BC) to the unification of the Six Kingdoms by Qin (221 BC), including the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period for more than 500 years, and the content is quite rich and complex. "Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty"...... The history narrated is exactly such an era, all the stories,...... It's all unfolded against such a backdrop. The facts narrated in it are based on the four historical books of "Warring States Policy", "Zuo Biography", "Chinese" ...... "Historical Records", and the scattered historical stories and biographies are interspersed and arranged in chronological order, smelting into a furnace and becoming a historical romance with a complete structure. …… For the sake of a certain principled standpoint, some historians before the Qin and Han dynasties sometimes concealed their narratives and evaluations of historical events, and hid their meanings deep in the words they described,...... It is difficult for people who do not have a certain insight to find out, let alone understand. The popularity of this book is that the reef-like words are revealed, and everyone knows at a glance, all kinds of right and wrong, good and evil, loyalty, treachery, wisdom and foolishness, all exposed in broad daylight. This is the author's intention in writing this book, and it is also their contribution to posterity.

The last king of the Western Zhou Dynasty was called King You of Zhou, and he was a mediocre and tyrannical king. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, due to the aggravation of social contradictions, the contradictions within the royal family also expanded, and the chaos made King You of Zhou finally killed by the combined army of Shenhou and Dog Rong after entering the palace, and the heyday of the Zhou Dynasty came to an end. The rule of the Zhou Dynasty declined, the power of the vassal states became stronger and stronger, and the Eastern Zhou society entered a period of great turmoil, and the "Spring and Autumn" period of the princes competing for hegemony in the pre-Qin era of China began. This was a period of China's transition from slavery to feudalism, as well as a period of great socio-economic and cultural development. The imbalance in the political and economic development of the vassal states has formed a situation in which the vassal states are vying for hegemony, and the "Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons" of the Duke of Qihuan, the Duke of Song Xiang, the Duke of Wen of Jin, the Duke of Qin Mu, and the King of Chuzhuang have emerged. During this period, there were also famous historical figures such as Guan Zhong, Zichan, Cao Di, and Sun Wu, and there were ancient examples such as the "Battle of Chengpu", which was famous for the defeat of the weak over the strong, and there were also the princes and kings of the Yue King Goujian who worked hard to be strong. Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, and Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism, are famous in Chinese history, and they were also born in the late Spring and Autumn Period, an era of great social change.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the first to become powerful was Zheng Zhuanggong, who described him as a treacherous and sinister villain, so his historical status in it was not high. After Zheng Zhuang, there was Qi Huan, Qi Huan Gong Xiaobai got the help of Bao Shuya, defeated Guan Zhong's assisted son, and thus became the Duke of Qi, and then appointed Guan Zhong as the prime minister, because of his trustworthiness, and listen to advice, and Guan Zhong Bao Shuya's great talent, soon dominate the world, Jiuhe princes. But the end was tragic, trapped in the palace, and after his death, the sons fought for several years, and gradually lost the overlord of the Qi country. After the Duke of Qi Huan, the heavy ear continued to uncle, since the Shen Shengsheng who won the hearts of the people, the young Jin Wengong Chong'er had many tribulations, and fled to the end of the world at the age of thirty, and successively flowed away to Qi, Chu, Qin and countless other countries, and took the Qi woman Qin Nu as his wife. It was only because of the help of a group of like-minded people such as Jie Zitui and others that Fang Xing survived. Qin Gong Sanping Jin Chaos, and finally pushed him to the throne of the king of the Jin State, and the old man inherited the hegemony of Qi Huan Gong and conscientiously governed the country to be extremely powerful. "If you don't fly, it's enough, if you don't fly, if you don't sing, it's amazing", the big bird of Chu, because of the national turmoil and three years of looming, as he said, flew into the sky of the troubled spring and autumn and became a hegemon, this is the king of Chuzhuang who created a great feast. Then the king of Chu Ping was mediocre, and he took his daughter-in-law as his own, and listened to slander, and wanted to kill the prince and the future trouble, so he imprisoned Wu luxury, booby-trapped his son, fortunately the soldiers escaped for a lifetime, and fled from Chu after a night of sorrow, and then fell rooted in Wu, and because of his regeneration, several Chu Qiu and Yue were destroyed in the hands of Wu State, this Wu Zixu, who has too many legends, knocked on the door of Wu Yue Chunqiu, after Wu Wang Lu, Wu Zixu recommended his husband to get the king, but the husband did not listen to Zixu's advice, and put back the Yue Wang Goujian couple who had been trapped for many years, In the end, the state of Wu was destroyed at the hands of this person who worked hard after being reborn and was bent on revenge. Immediately after that, the Jin Kingdom divided the world into Han, Zhao, and Wei. Probably the history of the Spring and Autumn Period ended here, and the history of the Warring States period after that was written was relatively simple, and there were no complicated stories like the Zhao orphans.

Although the Warring States part of the "Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" is not as large as the Spring and Autumn Period, it is also very exciting, Wei Ying's entry into the Qin Dynasty, the story of Ximen Leopard and Wu Qi, etc., but the readers are deeply memorable Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Su Qin, Zhang Yi and others, all four of whom are disciples of Guiguzi, Sun Bin and Pang Juan learn the art of war, and Su Qin and Zhang Yi learn to lobby. Sun Bin was framed by Pang Juan later, and died in Wei, and he had to get out of Qi before he feinted madness, and then Ma Lingdao shot Pang Juan with ten thousand arrows. Su Qin lobbied the six countries to jointly fight against Qin, that is, the famous conspiracy in history, Zhang Yi helped Qin, and later broke Su Qin's conspiracy several times. Both of them are lobbyists, in them, they are not great people, they are all villains, Su Qin was destitute first, and then returned home rich because of lobbying, according to the point of view, he lobbied for himself, regardless of the future development of the country, especially in his later days. Needless to say, the ending is tragic. After Su Qin and Zhang Yi, there were more hospitable people such as Meng Weijun, Xinling Jun, and Pingyuan Jun, and under their disciples, there were thousands of monks, but the people they raised were also useless, and they could not give advice to the country, nor could they die for them. Of course, Lin Xiangru and Lian Po ...... There are also such generals, and Bai Qi Changping killed more than 400,000 Zhao soldiers in the first battle. In the later period, Qin Wang Jian and Zhao Li Mu appeared, Wang Jian was the main commander of Qin's annexation of the Six Kingdoms, with thousands of miles of troops and remarkable military achievements.

Throughout the hundreds of years of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it is nothing more than the word "chaos", in the troubled times, father and son cannibalize、...... It is not surprising that brothers compete with each other, fathers take love from sons, sons connect with their mothers, and brothers and sisters communicate with each other. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there were many ...... Capable ministers such as Guan Zhong, Baili Xi, Xianzhen, Ning Yu, Zhao Dun, etc., there are also many monarchs such as Zheng Zhuang Gong, Qi Huan Gong, Jin Wen Gong, Jin Mourning Gong, Chu Zhuang Wang, Qin Mu Gong, etc., but after that, the king of the country and the ministers of the country are becoming fewer and fewer, and then almost extinct, more generals and no talents, and most of them are lobbyists, and after that, only the gentlemen of the family are left, of course, such as Xinling Jun...... These are also national talents, but there are few useful people to raise. After that, only the generals remained. After the generals, there are only Guo Kai and others who are corrupt and traitors, but Qin Wangzheng is the king of the country and appoints people on the basis of merit. There are also a group of capable ministers such as Wang Jian and Li Si below, which are also difficult to ...... Blame Qin for being able to annex the six kingdoms and unify the world, alas! Chinese history refers to the history of China from the emergence of Chinese civilization to the present. China has a long history, about 5,000 years since the Ji Xuanyuan (also known as Gongsun Xuanyuan) period of the Yu Dynasty; It is about 4,600 years from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors; It is about 4,100 years since the Xia Dynasty; …… It is about 2,240 years since the Qin Dynasty, the first centralized system of China's great unification, with a long history and splendid culture.

This article only provides a brief overview of Chinese history, and there is a general thread about the chronological order of the historical dynasties, because everything is ,...... All have their necessary and sufficient conditions for not being sufficient, there are causes, developments, and consequences, and I will not dwell on them here.

Who am I? Where am I from? Where are you going? Where did the motherland come from, what kind of development has it undergone, and what kind of development it has developed to what it is now,,, Xia, Shang and Zhou, and the three dynasties of ancient times

2. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was divided into the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

3 The Western Zhou Dynasty feudal state was established, and the feudal system was divided, and the state was powerful in the later period, splitting the vassal states

4 Spring and Autumn Five Tyrants Qi Huan Gong, Song Xiang Gong, Jin Wen Gong, Qin Mu Gong, Chu Zhuang Wang...... Another version: Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King Zhuang of Chu, King Lu of Wu and King Goujian of Yue

5 Seven Heroes of the Warring States: Qi, Chu, Yan, Korea, Zhao, Wei, Qin:

During the Warring States Period, the countries were strife, the countries changed the law to become strong, the sons of the hundred schools, the Wei State first changed the law to try to be strong, Li Kui, Wu Qi,

6 Qin State, Shang Yang improved and strengthened in the previous reforms, Qin State Fen VI Yu Lie, a large number of reformers, military strategists Li Si, Bai Qi, Wang Jian and other Qin Shi Huang and the first emperor of the ages finally unified China,

7 hundred generations of Qin political system: county system, referring to the deer as a horse, Chen Sheng Wu Guang's first peasant uprising

8 Chu and Han hegemony: the contest between Liu Bang, a politician, and Xiang Yu, a martial artist

9 Western Han Dynasty: In the early days, the county system and the sub-feudal system were parallel, and the Confucianism of the hundred schools was deposed...... Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty greatly expanded his territory

10. Wang Mang of the New Dynasty was restructured

11 Eastern Han Dynasty: Guangwu Zhongxing, Yuntai 28 generals

12 Three Kingdoms: heroes are numerous, fierce generals are like clouds, and Wei set up a nine-product Zhongzheng system

13. The short 50 years of unification and peace in the Western Jin Dynasty were chaotic

14 During the period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Wuhu and Sixteen Kingdoms, Yongjia crossed to the south, a large number of officials and people in the Central Plains moved south, and the clothes crossed to the south, and the north was in turmoil for many years

15 Northern and Southern Dynasties, Southern Dynasties Song Qi Liang Chen, Northern Dynasties: Northern Wei: The Six Towns Group split the Western Eastern Wei, the Guanlong Group, the Northern Wei was divided into the Western Wei and Eastern Wei, and later divided into the Northern Zhou and Northern Qi

The military system of the Western Wei Dynasty, after the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty of the Guanlong Group, Yuwen Yong, had the ambition of unifying the world, but died young, the general of the Zhu State, Yang Jian continued to struggle to recreate the unification,

16 Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, a large number of civil construction, abuse of people's power, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the imperial examination system, no one asked about the cold window for ten years, and became famous all over the world in one fell swoop

17 Tang Dynasty: Zhenguan Zhizhi, Empress Wu Zhou, Kaiyuan Shengshi Jianzhen Dongdu Xuanzang Master, Tang Dynasty Western Regions Chronicles

18 Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms: Five dynasties, Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou, most of them were military generals of the former dynasties who killed the monarch and seized the throne to change the dynasty, and mutinied

19 Song: Zhao Kuangyin, the former forbidden army of the Later Zhou Palace, Chen Qiao mutiny, the southern expedition and the northern war to unify China, the cup of wine released the military power, in order to prevent the mutiny of the warriors, the emphasis on literature and light on martial arts, the Song Dynasty martial arts were not suppressed, and the scholars ruled the world together

Northern Song Dynasty: The alliance with the Liao Dynasty, the alliance with Yuanyuan, and the difficulty with Jin Jingkang

20 Southern Song Dynasty, Song Jin and Shaoxing Peace and Longxing Peace Meeting

21 In the western Liao, Yelu Dashi marched west and attacked eastward

22 Mongolia: A generation of Tianjiao, Genghis Khan, the Mongol Empire, cavalry expeditions, open roads in the mountains, build bridges in the water, open up a vast territory from the Sea of Japan in the east, reach the Mediterranean Sea in the west, cross Siberia in the north, and reach the Persian Gulf in the south

23 Yuan Dynasty: Kublai Khan unified China to expand its territory and expedition to Japan, both of which toured, Shangdu and Dadu Maritime Silk Road Marco Polo

24 Ming Dynasty, those things in the Ming Dynasty, the rule of Hongwu, the prosperity of Yongle, the unity of knowledge and action, to conscience, the end of the financial crisis inflation, the Ming Dynasty, no relatives of the Han Dynasty, the town of the Tang Dynasty, the year of the Song Dynasty, no harmony, no compensation, no land, no tribute, the Son of Heaven guards the country, the king dies and the society, the most virtuous,

25: The European powers of the Manchu Qing Dynasty were expanding their colonies, and the Qing Dynasty massacred the Manchu Qing Dynasty at home, establishing the Great Wall of the Qing Dynasty, the literary prison, the prosperous Kangqian era, and closing the country

Lieshang, Lizhou, Tyrannical Qin, Qianghan, Shijin, Xiongsui, Shengtang, Fusong, Manyuan, Gangming, Nuqing, and Tu Turtle

The pre-Qin Zhuzi, the two Han classics, the Wei and Jin metaphysics, the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Song and Ming dynasties, and the Qing dynasty are the first to be concluded.

The 100-episode "General History of China" documentary broadcast in 2016 was accompanied by the five volumes of "General History of China" of the same name. The presentation of the documentary is divided into three parts: narration, scene reproduction (scenic spots), and explanation by experts and scholars.

The narrator is simple, and the professional part is supplemented by the narration of experts and scholars. If you want to see concrete arguments, you can read the book of the same name. However, the advantage of documentaries is that they can shorten the distance between ordinary readers and history, and the presentation of various scenic spots, ruins, and cultural relics in the film is an advantage that paper books do not have.

This newly published official general history has put a lot of effort into absorbing scholarly achievements, such as the controversy over Xia culture, foreign exchanges in the Tang Dynasty, overseas trade in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and the commodity economy of the late Ming Dynasty. In terms of historical outlook, the class terminology is weakened. In terms of the main narrative line, the unified dynasty is the mainstay, and the Han, Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties account for about 10 episodes respectively, focusing on foreign exchanges and ethnic integration, weakening wars and killings, and basically not mentioning the Wuhu and Sixteen Kingdoms.

In conclusion, perfect for beginners and general education. If readers want to study in depth, they can take a look at the course "General History of China" taught by Yan Buke, Deng Xiaonan and Zhang Fan, the latter of which is more systematic and pays more attention to the introduction of academic views and works. Second, you can find the books of the scholars who appear in the documentary one by one for further reading.

The scholars of this documentary are very powerful, and it cannot be said that they have brought in top experts in the field of dynastic history, but at least in the range of first-class to second-rate scholars, such as Xu Hong, Zhu Fenghan, Wang Zhenzhong, Xu Weimin, Li Kaiyuan, Shen Bojun, Lou Jin, Hu Axiang, Wu Zongguo, Bao Weimin, Liu Pujiang, Li Guizhi, Shi Jinbo, Chen Gaohua, Tang Kaijian, and Guo Songyi.

Here's an episode introduction: Since the narrator's historical narrative is mostly known to me, the focus is on the sights and scholars.

001: Chinese Roads

Narrator: Confucianism + Ethnic Integration (Plays the role of historical perspective)

Highlights: Narrating Xiliao (my evaluation of the narrator)

Attractions: Tengzhou Mozi Memorial Hall; Thirteen Classics Tablet Forest; Confucian; Mural; (plays the role of presenting historical situations)

Scholars: Tu Weiming; Peng Lin; Mao Peiqi; HUANG Pumin; Wu Zongguo; Bu Xianqun; (Plays a role in supporting and explaining opinions)

002: Chinese Ancestor

Narrator: From ape to man

Highlights: In fact, it integrates sites of different ages into a sequence of independent evolution of the Chinese, that is, the indigenous theory.

Attractions: Nihewan Ruins; Niuheliang site; Yuanmou ruins; Zhoukoudian site;

Scholars: Gao Xing; Wu Xinzhi; JIANG Chu;

003: Agricultural Origins

Narrator: Hunter-gatherers have shifted to an agrarian civilization

Highlights: Scientific explanation of wild dogtail grass-millet (Li millet); Pig;

Attractions: Xianren Cave Ruins; The Book of Fan Sheng; Qi Min wants to be skilled; Cishan Culture; Xinglonggou;

Scholars: Zhao Zhijun; SUN Guoping; LIU Yong; TIAN Yanguo;

004: Origin of Civilization

Narrator: 5,000 years of Chinese civilization

Highlights: Criticism of the Civilization West; the identification of the era of the Yellow Emperor as a legend; Narrative based on archaeological findings;

Attractions: Yangshao Culture; Sipi Ruins; jade culture; Niuheliang Hongshan Culture; Daxi culture; Qujialing culture; Liangzhu Culture;

Scholars: Li Xinwei; ZHANG Jingguo; LIU Guoxiang; Wang Zhenzhong; WANG Ningyuan;

005: Age of the States

Narrator: 3000 BC - early 2000 BC country

Highlights: Actually use Su Bingqi's starry sky and Fei Xiaotong to be pluralistic and integrated; The term China appeared.

Scenic spots: Hubei Shijiahe site; Houma site in Shanxi; Gui Table; Tao Temple Ruins; Erlitou site;

Scholars: Fang Qin; HE Yu; SUN Zhouyong; XU Hong;

006: Xia Culture Trace

Narrator: The ruins of Erlitou were the capital of the late Xia Dynasty; Dayu controls the water

Highlights: Layers of accumulation to cause theory; The relevant academic debates are introduced; regard Dayu as the spiritual sustenance of the ancestors;

Attractions: Yuwang Temple; Erlitou culture; Xinqi site; Wangchenggang site;

Scholars: Li Xueqin; WANG Wei; ZHAO Haitao; ZHAO Chunqing;

007: The Rise and Fall of Yin Shang +008: Shang Dynasty Civilization

Narrator: Bronze Age

Highlights: The date of the Battle of Makino to 1046 BC is based on the view that the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were broken; The excavation of oracle bone four halls and Yin ruins was introduced;

Sights: Bronze; Jiang Ziya (Taigong's hometown); Yinxu; Oracle;

Scholars: Zhu Fenghan; Wang Zhenzhong; Song Zhenhao; HE Yuling; YE Shuxian; Tang Jigen; WANG Wei;

009: Wuwang Keshang + 010 Zhou Gong Regency + 011 The decline of the Zhou Dynasty

Narrator: Western Zhou Dynasty - Feudal Era (Partition and Patriarchy)

Highlights: Get rid of the absurd argument of the king of the Emperor; Adopt the view of the bamboo book chronology; Tsinghua Jian;

Attractions: Zhou Yuan; Mengjin Guanbing; King Mu's expedition to the west; Battle Map; Baoji Bronze Museum; Zheng Gong Tomb;

Scholars: Zhu Fenghan; CHEN Xiangling; Wang Zhenzhong; Tu Weiming; Peng Lin; LIU Yuan; WANG Hong; LI Xueqin; Cai Quanfa;

012: Spring and Autumn Struggle for Hegemony + 013 Confucius + 014 The Law of the Nations + 015 The Seven Heroes of the Warring States + 016 The Hundred Schools of Princes

Narrator: Eastern Zhou Dynasty;

Highlights: Spring and Autumn is positioned as a hegemonic politics; Lost wax method;

Attractions: Yan Great Wall; King Goujian of Yue; three-hole; Mencius; Hubei Museum;

Scholars: Chen Xiangling; JI Kunzhang; 10,000 full texts; YANG Chaoming; QIAN Xun; FANG Kewen; SHAO Bei; JIANG Chongyue;

017: Rise of the Qin State + 018 Qin Shi Huang unifies China + 019 Chu-Han War

Narrator: Qin's rise and fall

Highlights: aristocratic land hierarchical tenure system - 20th rank lord system and famous field system; Focus on the Shang Martingale Method;

Attractions: Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang; Zhangjiashan Han Jian; Jingzhou Museum; Qin Zhidao; Qin carved stone; Wujiang

Scholars: Yang Zhenhong; Zang Zhifei; LI Kaiyuan; XU Weimin; Bu Xianqun; CHENG Fangyin; PENG Wei;

020: Parallel counties and states + 021 The rule of Wenjing + 022 Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty + 023 The classics of the two Han Dynasty + 024 Zhaoxuan politics + 025 Wang Mang's reform

Narrator: Western Han Dynasty

Highlights: Confirmed the characteristics of the "post-Warring States era" in the early Han Dynasty; Sang Hong sheep; Salt & Iron Conference; There is no mention of the tomb of the Marquis of Haidu;

Attractions: Zhaowangcheng Ruins; Mawangdui Han Tomb; Portrait of the Han Tomb in Xuzhou; Maoling; Shangbo Wang Mang bronze mirror;

Scholars: Bu Xianqun; Shen Youshun; ZHANG Xiaofeng; Xiong Chuanxin; YANG Zhenhong; CHEN Xingang; SUN Xiao; SONG Yanping; Tu Weiming; LI Kaiyuan; Jin Wen; LIU Zhendong; ZHOU Ya;

026: Guangwu Zhongxing + 027 Silk Road + 028 Qing Discussion and Party Rebellion + 029 Yellow Turban Uprising

Narrator: Eastern Han Dynasty

Highlights: General (related to the weak research of the Eastern Han Dynasty); The rise of Taoism

Attractions: Wuwei Hanjian; Nanyang portrait stone; Beijing Shijingshan Eunuch Museum;

Scholars: Wu Wenling; ZHAO Kai; ZHANG Xiaofeng; Bu Xianqun; ZHANG Zhongwei;

030: Three Kingdoms Dingli +031 Zhuge Liang ruled Shu

Narrator: Three Kingdoms period

Highlights: One episode for the prime minister. Highlight the "Teacher Table"

Attractions: Red Cliff; Wuhou Temple; Dujiangyan;

Scholars: Liang Mancang; LIU Chi; Shen Bojun; YU Daji; Lou Jin;

032: Unification of the Western Jin Dynasty + 033 Wei and Jin demeanor + 034 gate valve politics

Narrator: The Two Jin Dynasty periods

Highlights: Hakka; Ji kang; The Eastern Jin Dynasty used Tian Yuqing's views to name the door valve politics;

Scenic spots: Luoyang Lijing Gate;

Scholars: Hu Axiang; Shen Bojun; Lou Jin; XU Jinxing; Fu Gang; LI Zhonghua; Liang Mancang; LIU Chi; Chen Suzhen;

035: Emperor Wu of Liang ruled the country + 036 Emperor Xiaowen reform + 037 Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty + 038 The rise and fall of the Chen Dynasty + 039 Buddhism of the Wei and Jin dynasties

Narrator: Northern and Southern Dynasties;

Highlights: The prominence of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty;

Attractions: Longmen Grottoes; Nanjing Museum;

Scholars: Lou Jin; Liang Mancang; Building Spirit; Wei Daoru;

040: Re-unification + 041 Emperor Yang's merits

Narrator: Sui Dynasty

Highlights: Overturning the case for Emperor Yang of Sui

Attractions:

Scholars: Lou Jin; HUANG Zhengjian; Lei Wen; Wu Zongguo; LIU Houbin;

042: The rule of Zhenguan + 043 Wu Zetian + 044 Kaiyuan Prosperity + 045 Anshi Rebellion + 046 The dilemma of the middle and late Tang Dynasty + 047 Chang'an, the world capital + 048 The rise and fall of Tibet + 049 Dunhuang + 050 The foreign relations of the Tang Dynasty + 051 Tang Dynasty religion

Narrator: Datang

Highlights: An introduction to the influence of Tang culture on Japan

Attractions: Jokhang Temple; Tarzan; the ruins of Chang'an City; Dunhuang; Forest of Steles Museum, Xi'an;

Scholars: Wu Zongguo; NING Xin; LIU Houbin; HUANG Zhengjian; Lei Wen; XU Longguo; Qi Dongfang; ZHAO Shengliang; Sha Wutian; Chai Jianhong;

052: Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Narrator: Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Highlights: Nantang; Highlight the highlights of the Five Dynasties period, and do not use darkness to characterize;

Attractions: Hele Map; Han Xizai's night banquet;

Scholars: Li Xiao; YOU Biao; Deng Xiaonan;

053: Song Taizu +054 The Alliance of the Yuan Dynasty +055 Ruling the World with Scholars and Doctors +056 Wang Anshi's Reform of the Law +057 The Difficulty of Jingkang +058 Song Jin Peace War +059 Partial An Southeast +060 Tokyo Menghua +061 Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianism + 062 Song Dynasty Culture

Narrator: The Song and Song dynasties

Highlights: Quanzhou; There is no mention of poverty and weakness

Attractions: Bian embroidery; Zhu Xianzhen wood-block New Year painting; Qingming Shanghe Park; Yueyang Building; Wang Anshi Memorial Hall; Tomb of King Yue;

Scholars: Li Xiao; Deng Xiaonan; ZHANG Xiqing; ZHAO Dongmei; LIU Pujiang; LI Liangxue; Bao Weimin; FAN Guoqiang; LI Yongxian; YOU Biao; CHENG Minsheng; Zheng Yongxiao;

063: The rise of the Khitan + 064 The founding of the Western Liao Dynasty + 065 Wanyan Aguda + 066 The rise and fall of the Jin Dynasty + 067 The rise and fall of the Liaojin culture + 068 The rise and fall of the Western Xia

Narrator: Liao Jinxia

Highlights: Xiliao; Khitan script;

Attractions: Jinshangjing Ruins; Liaoning Museum; Dule Temple; Datong Shanhua Temple; Tomb of the Western Xia kings

Scholars: Liu Pujiang; KANG Peng; Guan Shudong; Jia Congjiang; Qian Boquan; LI Guizhi; Togetherness; GUO Changhai; GUO Daiyuan; Lin Hu; Shi Jinbo; Shirahama;

069: Rise of Mongolia +070 Kublai Khan the Great +071 Liangdu Patrol + 072 Pasipa + 073 Maritime Silk Road +074 Marco Polo and China +075 Yuan Shun Emperor

Narrator: During the Mongol and Yuan dynasties

Highlights: Golden Lotus River Shogunate; Liangzhou Huimeng; overseas trade; Northern Yuan;

Attractions: Genghis Khan's Mausoleum; Yuan Shangdu ruins; Diaoyu City Ruins; Nanhai No. 1;

Scholars: Zhang Fan; LIU Xiao; CHEN Gaohua; WEI Jian; Chi Kaizhi; WANG Gang; CHEN Qingying; ZHANG Yun; LI Zhi'an; Ye Xinmin

076: Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang +077 Yongle moved the capital +078 Zheng He went to the West +079 Cabinet system +080 Tumubao change +081 Wang Yangming Xinxue +082 Haijiang Mutual Market + 083 Zhang Juzheng Reform +084 Jesuits came to China +085 Jiangnan Town +086 Silver Capital +087 Emperor Chongzhen

Narrator: During the Ming Dynasty

Highlights: Late Ming

Scenic spots: Fengyang Ming Emperor's Mausoleum; phoenix painting; Willow Youth Painting; The Forbidden City, Beijing; Yu Qian's tomb; Altan Khan; Nanxun Ancient Town;

Scholars: Shang Chuan; CHEN Wutong; Mao Peiqi; Wang Zilin; LI Xieping; FAN Jinmin; ZHANG Xianbo; Tu Weiming; CHEN Shilong; PENG Yong; CAO Yongnian; ZHAO Xianhai; LIN Jinshui; TANG Kaijian; Wang Jiafan; ZHU Xiaotian; Wan Ming; LI Guoping; ZHOU Weirong;

088: Entering the Central Plains + 089 The Stability of the Dynasty + 090 Recovering Taiwan + 091 The Great Cause of Reunification + 092 The Military Aircraft Department + 093 Spreading the Ding into the Mu + 094 Wenzhi and Literary Prison + 095 Passive Self-improvement + 096 Opium War + 097 Taiping Heavenly Kingdom + 098 Sino-Japanese War + 099 Micro New and Revolution + 100 The End of the Imperial System

Narrator: During the Qing Dynasty

Highlights: Toronto Alliance;

Attractions: Shenyang Forbidden City; Mountain resort; Chicken Songyi; Fu shan; Confucius Temple, Beijing; For a documentary that popularizes Chinese history, I think the writing of this documentary has done a very good job in terms of historical rigor. Every country will praise its history to a greater or lesser extent, and so do Europeans. For the origin of human beings, the doctrine of the single origin of East Africa is not regarded as an absolute truth now, it is only a currently recognized doctrine, I think it is probably impossible to explain the origin of human beings throughout their lives, and this documentary has introduced many different international doctrines, such as the origin of human beings, the existence of the Xia Dynasty and whether Marco Polo has been to China, as for which one to believe, leave it to the audience to choose!

In my opinion, not to mention the events of millions of years ago, the history of the last hundred years is mostly confusing! The reason is very simple, few people know the real history, and those who know the truth either don't say it, and even if they say it, it is difficult for outsiders to distinguish the truth from the false, and what can be known is the record of the predecessors and the oral accounts left behind! How many things in ancient and modern times are laughing and talking!

Looking at the so-called history, probably mostly the history of emperors and generals, in my opinion, the history of emperors and generals is not completely reliable except for the name and time of the person, there is nothing completely reliable in other things, the common people who are not historians read history as a pleasure, the history of emperors and generals is to understand the general development of a country on the time track, I am more interested in the development of splendid life and culture on this track, those Tang and Song poems and songs, but most of them are true and beautiful. Crooked, it is recommended to read Fu Lecheng or Zhuoyun's general history of China book primer.

1，

"General History of China" Fu Lecheng version. The following is an excerpt from the web:

For various editions of the General History of China, why did you choose Fu Lecheng's edition of "General History of China" (Volume II)?

Comparison of various general history editions

Historians believe that the general history of China written in the 20 th century mainly includes Qian Mu's "Outline of National History", Lu Simian's "General History of China", Fan Wenlan's "Compendium of China's General History", and Zhang Yinlin's "Outline of Chinese History", which was not fully completed. However, these general histories are not easy enough for ordinary historical lovers, and it is somewhat difficult to read.

However, Fu Lecheng's "General History of China" (upper and lower volumes) has outstanding value and status in terms of content, quality, and length, and has a great influence on Taiwan's historical circles. The historical works of this department are well written, and they are well prepared for learning, talent, and knowledge. After the book was completed, it had a huge impact in academic circles, and it was not only a desk book for history lovers, but also a common textbook for universities, and even historical researchers could learn from it.

3. The General History of China (Volume II) has won unanimous praise and praise from scholars and famous historians

Historian Huang Renyu turned to this book for help - when he encountered problems such as "the change of Liao-Jin relations" and "the reasons for the invasion of the Song Dynasty by the Jin State" in the study of Chinese history, he went to read Fu Lecheng's "General History of China".

Historian Xu Zhuoyun wrote a preface to this book - praising the "General History of China" as comparable to Qian Mu's "Outline of National History".

Japanese historians commented on Fu Lecheng - "a historian who cannot be ignored." ”

2 Xu Zhuoyun's "Ancient Rivers" and "Speaking of China"

Ge Zhaoguang: Mr. Xu's pen is a big history. "The so-called 'big history' cannot be viewed from individual events, but must be observed from the interaction of various phenomena to observe the changes in the whole." Great history must have great judgments, and non-well-read and master's scholars cannot make big assertions.

Yao Dali: In Mr. Xu Zhuoyun's own words, the change of political power does not necessarily coincide with the cycle or rhythm of change in China's complex community. This cycle is actually a longer period of time, and it transcends dynasties. If the general history of China is told one by one according to the dynasties, then the clues of its internal economic, cultural, and social evolution will be cut off. "Ten Thousand Ancient Rivers" is very good, because it tells Chinese history in a time scale that transcends the times.

Scholars: Huang Yinong; PAN Zhenping; ZHU Chengru; LI Zhiting; YANG Zhen; YAN Chongnian; Wu Boya; Ma Dazheng; Cheng Chongde; Li Guorong; GUO Songyi; YANG Yanqiu; CHEN Xiaohua; YUAN Lize; CHEN Lianying; Lei Yi; ZHANG Ming; MA Yong; Yu Hongliang; CHEN Yue; WANG Kaixi;