As soon as Zhang Deye said this, Pang Xuelin suddenly stopped talking.

He understood what Zhang Deye meant, and the things he wrote yesterday were like the manuscripts left by Grothendieck.

When future generations look at the contents of his board books, I am afraid that the mentality of him going to the Institut des Hautes Etudes in France to read the manuscripts of Grothendieck is almost the same.

After sending Zhang Deye and Yau Chengtong away, Pang Xuelin called his parents again, and learned that they had flown to Northern Europe to continue the rest of the round-the-world journey, so he left them alone.

Afterwards, Pang Xuelin took the hotel's van to the Institut Supérieure des Sciences in the suburbs of Paris. (The previous translation is the Institut des Hautes Etudes de Hautes Etévre, which is a more accurate translation.) There is also an Institut des Hautes Etudes de l'Études des Sciences (Institut des Hautes Etudes des Écophies)

At the entrance of the hotel, many reporters set up long guns and short cannons, and were stopped outside by security guards.

Fortunately, Pang Xuelin sat in the car and was not discovered by reporters.

Pang Xuelin made an appointment with Professor Barman of the Institut des Hautes Etudes des Sciences in France yesterday and came to have a look today.

The Institut des Hautes Etudes des Sciences (IHES) is a small institute of pure mathematics and theoretical physics, founded in 1958 in Bures-sur-Yvette, a suburb of Paris.

Grothendieck's golden age was spent at IHES (1958-1970).

During this period, he and his companions greatly developed modern algebraic geometry, making it a popular branch of modern mathematics.

IHES's early international reputation also largely stemmed from this.

Between 1960 and 1969, IHES held the prestigious Algebraic Geometry Seminar.

The transcripts of this seminar were later compiled and published in the name of SGA.

In addition, between 1960 and 1967, Grothendieck and Jean Dieudonnay wrote Principles of Algebraic Geometry, the famous EGA, which is regarded as the cornerstone of modern algebraic geometry.

However, due to Grothendieck's later refusal to allow some of his works to be translated and reprinted, although EGA was translated into many languages, none of these translations were genuine.

The original French version of the EGA is also currently only available at IHES, although it is very expensive, costing 237 euros for a full set.

Pang Xuelin got out of the car and followed Baman into IHES.

IHES is very small, with a total of 18 full members since its establishment, including Fields Medal winners Grothendieck, Rainer Thom, Deligne, Sinkon Burcan, Laurent Laphgue, Maxim Kontsevich, Abel Prize winner Mikhail Gromov, Wolf Prize winner Sullivan and others.

In terms of the number of Fields Medal winners, IHES is second only to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.

In fact, Professor Barman is only a visiting scholar at IHES, but he has been a visiting scholar at IHES for two years, so he can be regarded as one of IHES's own.

Pang Xuelin's arrival did not cause much of a sensation in IHES.

At best, some doctoral students in IHES came to take a second look, after all, it is not difficult to meet the Philippine Prize winner here, and people are curious about Pang Xuelin only because he is younger.

Of course, this is also related to Pang Xuelin's report meeting at the Four Seasons Hotel yesterday, and now most of the IHES scholars are still immersed in studying Pang Xuelin's board book, and Pang Xuelin naturally has no intention of bothering them.

IHES occupies a small area, with only a few buildings, a cafeteria, an administrative building, a library, scholars' offices, lecture halls, and is surrounded by lush forests in a peaceful environment.

Professor Barman took Pang Xuelin to a small building and said: "This is the IHES library, and Grothendieck's manuscripts have been in the library's storage room, in order to prevent damage to the original manuscripts, only the English translation is currently open to the public, and I will pick it up for you later." ”

"Professor Baman, I'm sorry for you!"

"You're welcome."

Barman smiled and helped Pang Xuelin find the English translation of the manuscript from the library.

It can be seen that the manuscript is some years old, the paper is slightly yellowed, and there are many raw edges.

Baman said: "Pang, I won't bother you, after reading it, you can call me directly, and I will come to pick you up when the time comes." ”

"Okay, then you can go!"

Pang Xuelin held the yellowed paper in his hand and felt a little regretful.

On his deathbed, Grothendieck burned most of the manuscripts, leaving only a small number in the collections of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and IHES.

Part of IHES's collection is a section of manuscripts that describe the geometric framework of the Far Abelian region.

This manuscript perfectly illustrates Grothendieck's style of doing mathematics, that is, abstracting as much unnecessary detail as possible from mathematical objects, so abstract that the average mathematician would think that all that is left is the "void", but he can still grasp something from the "void" in order to build his theory and complete his proof.

In Grothendieck's own words, if a mathematical problem is compared to a nut, most mathematicians use a hammer and a chisel to chisel the nut, and he does this by dipping the nut in water, slowly softening its shell, or subjecting it to the wind and sun, and then waiting for the right moment for the nut to crack.

The same is true of this manuscript, in which there are few concrete examples to be seen, and all descriptions are taken from the most abstract possible point of view, considering algebraic geometry and the grand mathematical structures behind number theory.

Pang Xuelin was a difficult read, but that was why he wanted to see Grothendieck's manuscript.

Although Pang Xuelin had long been familiar with the theoretical framework of Far Abelian geometry, through Grothendieck's manuscripts, he was able to simulate as much as possible the way Grothendieck had thought when he wrote this immortal masterpiece.

It took Pang Xuelin half an afternoon to read all of Grothendieck's manuscripts.

Although Pang Xuelin did not find anything new in it, he benefited greatly from the way Grothendieck thought about mathematics.

Before leaving, Pang Xuelin spent 237 euros to buy a French version of "Principles of Algebraic Geometry", which was regarded as a souvenir of this trip to Paris.

Coming out of the French Institute of Higher Sciences, Pang Xuelin took a ride back to the hotel.

The highway on the Seine River went all the way, and when it approached the Champs-Champs-Champs-Château Street, looking at the Eiffel Tower in the distance, Pang Xuelin suddenly felt a whim, and asked the driver to park the car on the side of the road, ready to get out of the car and walk.

He has only been to Paris twice, and the last time, when he was studying for a doctorate, followed Tao Zhexuan to Paris to attend an academic conference.

For this world-famous romantic capital, Pang Xuelin passed by in a hurry every time, and never visited the city properly.

It's only four o'clock in the afternoon, and there's nothing to do when I go back to the hotel, so it's hard to come out, Pang Xuelin is ready to walk along the Seine River and relax.