Lead:

The so-called "rational crime" means that the criminal engages in criminal activities as a result of rational choice, that is, a normal person engages in criminal activities and always has a certain purpose. Therefore, he must consider the costs and benefits of his actions. In economic terms, it is the pursuit of a certain amount of crime and a certain cost of crime, but the cost of crime is less than the crime proceeds. That is to say, when the proceeds of a person's criminal activity exceed the adverse consequences of his crime, he will choose to engage in criminal activity, which is a rational crime.

Once, a couple went to eat at KFC, which is located in the heart of the city. Unfortunately, when they arrived near KFC, there was no parking space in the parking lot. After thinking about it for a while, the energetic husband decided to park the car in a place where parking was only allowed for a maximum of half an hour. At this time, the wife asked her husband: "We can only stop here for half an hour, and we must have more than half an hour for a meal, do we have to be fined by the police?" The husband smiled weirdly and said, "You may be fined for stopping here, but I think the police should not be strict in their investigation, so we may not be fined." When the wife heard this, she still didn't seem to understand, and then asked, "Is this a rational violation?" The husband replied dryly, "Yes." ”

In the above story, the husband knew that he would be fined for illegal parking, but he still chose to park illegally. This is the "knowingly committing the crime", which is Gary Becker's theory of "rational crime". The so-called "rational crime" means that the criminal engages in criminal activities as a result of rational choice, that is, a normal person engages in criminal activities and always has a certain purpose. Therefore, he must consider the costs and benefits of his actions. In economic terms, it is the pursuit of a certain amount of crime and a certain cost of crime, but the cost of crime is less than the crime proceeds. That is to say, when the proceeds of a person's criminal activity exceed the adverse consequences of his crime, he will choose to engage in criminal activity, which is a rational crime.

Gary Becker, a well-known American economist, is known for his research on microeconomic theory. He used microeconomic analysis methods to construct a theoretical system, and insisted on using the economic man hypothesis logic to analyze all human economic behaviors consistently. In 1992, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for "extending the field of microeconomic analysis to include the broad field of non-market human behavior and interactions."

For example, if there is an entrepreneur who commits the crime of "manipulating securities" in real life, according to the principle of utility function, such as manipulating securities by concentrating funds to control tradable shares, the sentencing is 4 years, and the funds that can be obtained in this manipulation: the return is 200 million, that is, you can get 50 million for every year in prison, and you may not be able to earn 1 million a year if you live a life that is inferior to that of prisoners in the market. So in this case, criminals will resort to rational crimes.

There was a young man who came out of a poor mountain village, and the people in the village spoke very well of him, saying that he was honest and kind, but a few years later, this young man became a robbery and murderer, and ended his young life by being sentenced to death.

In an interview with reporters, he said that he could tolerate poverty, as long as others could treat him well. He also said that he had been working for four months without a single day off, but he was fired after only one absence. If he hadn't worked 12 hours a day, if he had had one day off a month, if he had been paid a little more, he would never have taken this path. He considered that instead of choosing to be patient and not earning a few dollars a month, it was better to rob him, and as long as he succeeded once, he could have an income of several thousand yuan, or even tens of thousands of yuan.

Young people also knew that if they were caught robbing, they would go to jail and even be sentenced to death. But with the high cost and high risk, he decided to take a risk.

Actually, there are many such examples in our lives. It's not that they don't know that they will commit a crime and that they will be punished, but that they weigh the gains and losses of the crime. One of many people's mantra is "if I can't catch it, I'm lucky".

Out of consideration for maintaining normal economic order, the state must severely crack down on this economic crime. The direct and effective method is to break the small abacus of criminals, increase the expected cost of crime for criminals, impose more effective punishment on criminals, and impose fixed-term imprisonment or criminal detention on criminals, and impose a fine of more than twice the illegal gains.