Nian Fu sighed: "You said that God gave him such a smart head, why didn't he give him a good and perfect family?" It's a pity that both sons committed suicide, and they all have the same personality, which is also inherited from him! Is there a fate in the dark that can't be avoided or escaped? ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Maybe it is the creation of people, most people do not have a perfect life......

Nian Fu said: "How can such a situation be created? Why is there no such thing as a perfect life? ”

Xiao Tianshu said with a smile: "Because these geniuses are generally immortals, these immortals will come to the world, feel unfair, feel that he is a genius in the sky, and feel that his talent is not recognized, so that he has suffered a lot in the world, and then he will have some thoughts about cultivating immortals in order to return to heaven, otherwise he has been in the world for a long time, and has been living an ordinary life, especially happy, where can he still think of going, understanding the reincarnation of the world, thinking of returning to heaven, cultivating immortals and attaining the Tao!" ”

Nian Fu said: "The word "immortal", Li Bai used to refer to those immortals who were inhabited in the world, and Li Bai later used it more to refer to people who were excellent in learning and open-mindedness. After Li Bai, the immortals can be roughly divided into three categories: literary talents, immortals, and courtiers. Liu Bowen is indeed an immortal, and then how to explain him, magical and superb supernatural powers, clever calculations, found the law of the replacement of the country, some are not ordinary, Taoist warlocks have done things, here must be the things of immortals! ”

Xiao Tianshu said with a smile: "Yes, Liu Bowen should belong to the category of immortals, the literary and talented immortals have become the mainstream, and the Song people Goulong Zhen collected the poems of ancient and modern people, headed by Li Bai, into ten volumes of "The Collection of Immortals". Although other talented literati are also called Qi Xian, only Li Bai is the most representative, he almost monopolizes the title of Qi Xian, and others only occasionally borrow the name Qi Xian. However, due to the strong praise of this word, the number of people who are called immortals has increased dramatically. The literati who raised the standard were called Qi Xian, and Meng Jiao praised Lu Yin for "high name Qi Xian". Zhang Lianzhong Jinshi, the top of the list was dismissed, and Zhao Yi gave a poem to comfort him, saying that he was an immortal: "Don't cry a wine glass in front of the flower, the immortal is still an immortal." It is still auspicious to be with the world, and he has come to the top of Peng Mountain. The immortal is also used to praise bosom friends and poets, such as Bai Juyi praised Wu Dan, a jinshi in the same year: "The gentleman is a Qing person, and his name is in the stone hall." I don't know what's wrong, I am a fairy in the world. "Some literati think that they are talented and romantic, so they think that they are immortals. Han Wei is conceited and has the talent of immortals: "People are conceited and talented, and they steal peaches to Yaotai three times. So far, the collar rouge is there, and it has been bitten by the fairy. "Some poets do not meet talents, resenting that they have the talent of immortals but no one knows because they can't meet Bole like He Zhizhang, Zhang Hu's "Even Theme": "Only hate the world without He Lao, and no one knows about the immortals." Wang Zhenbai's "Panjing Lake □□": "When there are no guests, who knows the immortals?"

Nian Fu said with a smile: "The immortal is also used to refer to particularly smart people, such as "The History of the Song Dynasty Li Bi": "The wall is less than a young man, reciting more than 10,000 words a day, and he is a well-read speech. The great poet Bai Juyi was also considered to be an immortal in his later years. "Taiping Guangji" reprints a story in "Yi History": There are businessmen in eastern Zhejiang who claim to have wandered to Pengcai Xiandao and saw Bai Lotian Courtyard. After Bai Lotian learned about it, he wrote a poem: "Recently, someone returned from the sea, and saw the tower in the depths of the seamount. There is a fairy cage to open a room, and they all say that this is to be Lotte. The author of "Yi Shi" suspects that Bai Lotian is an immortal. Coincidentally, the Song people regarded a generation of writers Su Dongpo as an immortal: "Zizhan's articles are unique in the world, the style is high, and the true immortals are also." Shi Jiwen also said: The valley often calls Li Bai and Dongpo two immortals. According to the valley poem "Summoning the Immortal Su Er". Bai Yiju and Su Shi are both saints of poetry and articles and are regarded as immortals, which represents a new orientation for Li Bai to choose and comment on immortals. Of course, most of the literati who are known as immortals are people who have failed the imperial examination or have a bad journey, and their outstanding talents but setbacks are an important motivation for them to be called or call themselves immortals. ”

Nian Fu asked again: "What is the matter with the immortal Dao class immortals?" ”

Xiao Tianshu said: "Immortal Dao Immortals, under the strong influence of Li Bai's personality, Immortal Dao Immortals take a back seat. However, as the original origin of the word Qi Xian, the immortal Dao class Qi Xian has not disappeared. "Taiping Guangji" records Yangping Qi Xian, Qi Xian, Li Xianren, Jia Tan and so on. Originally, they were all immortals, and they had to return to the fairy world when the punishment period expired. For example, when Li Xianren was dying, he said: "I am a heavenly immortal, and I am condemned to the ears of the world for a small crime." This duty is done, and the origin of heaven is called. "Like Cheng Gongxing and other early immortals, they all have unknown backgrounds, quite supernatural powers, and obvious mysteries. Those Taoist priests who have immortal wind and Taoist bones are also praised as immortals, such as the poem "Luo Daoshi" in Zhang's book praised Luo Daoist "Ordinary people are seen everywhere, and the world is suspicious of immortals". Shi Beiwu's "Visit to Songling Xu Lianshi" praised Xu Lianshi as "a fairy at the head of a thousand thousand peaks". The famous Taoist priest Bai Yuchan of the Southern Song Dynasty was also regarded as an immortal. Bai Yuchan has been brilliant since childhood, and at the age of 12, he went to Lin'an, the capital to take the prodigy examination, and won the first place. However, he was unfavorable in the imperial examination, so he entered Luofu Mountain to learn the Tao, and traveled among the famous mountains all his life. He once wrote on the back of his portrait: "This gentleman is clear, the jade is young, the spirit of the toad, the light of the three lights, and the spirit of all things." Bai Yu Toad is the fifth generation of the five ancestors of the South, he was immortalized after his death, and there are many ancestral temples dedicated to him in various places, such as the "Qing History Manuscript" records that "Fujian worships Bai Yu Toad Zhenren".

Nian Fu said: "Bai Yu Toad turned out to be a real ......"

Xiao Tianshu said: "There are many people who are called immortals in the Tang and Song dynasties, there are many immortals in the Tang Dynasty, and there are two volumes of "The Biography of Cui Shaoyuan" in the Tang Dynasty. Some Taoists simply named Qi Xian, such as a Taoist named Meng Qi Xian, who wrote a volume of "Lao Tzu Yuan Tao Jing". ”

Nian Fu said: "What kind of immortal is there, the immortal is only from the literati and cultivators, and it is a bit too one-sided, isn't it? ”

Xiao Tianshu smiled: "There are also courtiers and immortals......"

Nian Fu said, "Oh? What's going on? Said that I haven't heard of what is the official of the dynasty, one except Li Bai Li Bai's poetry is also no future, this kind of is not satisfactory, Li Bai is the first immortal, I think it should be, after all, his life, did not enjoy the right and money to do whatever he wanted, and it can be regarded as a great ambition, Huai Cai is not met, depressed and old......"