Historical evolution of Nong'an

"Angry hair rushes to the crown, leaning on the railing, Xiaoxiao rain rests. Raise your eyes, look up to the sky and roar, strong and fierce. Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons. Don't wait, the young man's head is white, empty and sad.

Jing Kang is ashamed, and it is still snowing. When will the courtiers perish? Driving a long car to break through the lack of Helan Mountain. Zhuang is hungry for Hulu meat, laughing and thirsty for Xiongnu blood. Wait to clean up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning, facing the sky. ”

Yue Fei's earth-shaking lyrics and songs, which have been sung by the descendants of Yan and Huang for more than 800 years. After listening to this song full of patriotic passion, people immediately saw the tragic scene of the southern invasion of the Jin soldiers, burning, killing and looting, the people being displaced from Zhusuo, the wives being separated, the hungry and cold, the countryside being barren, and ten rooms and nine emptiness; It seems that on the battlefield where the horn is shaking the sky, I saw Yue Fei, who was stabbed on his back by his mother with the four big characters of "Jing Loyal to the Country", holding a golden gun, stepping off the blue-maned horse, galloping vertically and horizontally, winning more with less, and repeatedly breaking the golden soldiers; In my mind, a big banner embroidered with the word "Yue" flashed in my mind, from the Bishui Pass to the banks of the Yangtze River, from the foot of Funiu Mountain to the shore of the Yellow River, invincible, and the Jin soldiers were terrified; It seems to go back in time, reproducing the thrilling battle under the city of Zhuxian Town: Jin Wushu personally led the invincible ironclad cavalry and abducted horses to form a phalanx and rolled to the ground, Yue Fei led Yang Zaixing, Yue Yun and other soldiers to rush into the enemy formation with Mazha steel knives and broad-bladed axes, and the knives in their hands fell, cutting the enemy's heads up and chopping the horses' feet, and the crutches and horses connected by the three horses fell in rows, and the golden vultures and donkeys were poor in skills and fled in embarrassment. It was in the situation that the Jin soldiers were repeatedly defeated and the Yue family's army was victorious, Yue Fei came to a pavilion by the Yangtze River, looking at the blue sky, the vast blue water, the ups and downs of his heart, and singing loudly, leaving this eternal swan song for the future.

When Jin Wushu had the intention of retreating from the army, his generals also secretly communicated with the song, ready to surrender to Yue Fei, the rebels from all over the country threw themselves to Yue Fei's command, and the victory of recovering the lost territory was in sight, Yue Fei stood in the tower of Yuncheng, overlooking the distance, through the smoke and clouds of the war in history, as if he saw the Tang Dynasty general Xue Rengui broke through the Huanglong Mansion (called Fuyucheng at that time), the Goguryeo army was invincible, and the defeat was like a mountain; saw the leader of the Khitans, Yelu Abaoji, opening the southwest gateway of the Bohai Kingdom, Fuyu Mansion, and forcing the King of Bohai to surrender; I saw the leader of the Jurchen tribe, Wanyan Agu, attacking Huanglong Mansion, and Emperor Liao Tianzuo fled to Jiashan under the situation that the door of Linhuang Mansion in Shangjing was opened. It is even more difficult for Yue Fei to imagine: Huanglongfu is located at the crossroads of the Northeast Plain, choking the throat of east, west, north and south water and land transportation, with the second Songhua River in the north and the East and West Liao Rivers on both sides of the south as natural barriers. If the Jin soldiers retreat to Huanglongfu and take advantage of the unique conditions there to recuperate, they may also make a comeback and invade the Central Plains; If the Song army occupies Huanglongfu, it can regain the lost territory of the Central Plains, drive the Jin soldiers back to their hometown, and permanently eliminate the hidden danger of the Jin soldiers' southern invasion. Then rescue the Song Dynasty Hui and the Second Emperor of Qin, and restore the Song Dynasty. Therefore, he was determined to take advantage of the victory and go straight to the Huanglong Mansion. Looking back, the generals behind him said, "Go straight to the Huanglong Mansion and drink with you!" However, just when Yue Fei and his soldiers were preparing to advance to the north, under the bewitchment of the traitor Qin Hui, Song Gaozong Zhao Gou won more than a dozen gold medals in a row, and transferred Yue Fei back to Beijing, leaving behind a legacy of eternal resentment.

If the Song Dynasty sees through Qin Hui, a traitorous minister, as soon as possible; If Gaozong Zhao Gou did not suffer from gains and losses, he was afraid that Emperor Hui and Emperor Qin would lose their emperor throne; If Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other generals continued to advance northward with the support of the people in line with the ancient precept of "generals will be outside, and the monarch's orders will not be accepted", the Jin people would not occupy half of the rivers and mountains of the Central Plains; If Qin Hui had not killed Yue Fei on "trumped-up" charges, and had this wise and brave general who was loyal to the country to lead the troops, the Song Dynasty would not have been destroyed at the hands of the Mongols. The descendants of Jin will not occupy the Central Plains again, and the history after the Song Dynasty will be rewritten. However, history will not be transferred by human will, Yue Fei finally in the Fengbo Pavilion, on the confession made by Qin Hui's instructions, angrily wrote "Zhao Zhao every day, Zhao every day" eight big characters, and died of poisonous wine. It is Yue Fei's famous sentence "go straight to Huanglong Mansion and drink with all the gentlemen" that makes Huanglong Mansion a famous historical city known to women and children in China.

Huanglongfu was the royal city founded by the Fuyu people in 12 BC. In the Paleolithic Age, the Fuyu people lived and multiplied on the Songliao Plain, which later became the jurisdiction of Huanglongfu, and in the Neolithic Age, they began to build semi-underground houses, engaged in agricultural and animal husbandry production activities, and became the most developed ethnic group among the three major ethnic groups in Northeast China. Legend has it that in BC, there was a Suoli country in the area of the Mudanjiang River. The king had an affair with his maid and gave birth to a boy named Dongming. When the boy grew up, he was intelligent and strong, and he was strong in horseback riding and archery, and the sons born to the king's wife and two concubines were not as good as him. The king feared that he would compete for the throne in the future, so he wanted to kill Dongming and cut off the troubles. When Dongming learned of the king's plan, he fled overnight to the heart of the Fuyu tribe. Because of his outstanding martial arts, wit and bravery, he made outstanding contributions in the development of agriculture and animal husbandry and resisting foreign aggression, and was soon supported by the Yu people. Therefore, in 12 BC (the first year of Xinmang in the Western Han Dynasty), a slave Fuyu State was established in the hinterland of the Songliao Plain. Dong Ming became the first king.

From the perspective of resisting foreign invasion and developing the economy, King Dongming of Fuyu chose the center of the second Songhua River and the east and west Liao rivers to establish the royal city, which was later the Huanglong Mansion. The royal city was walled with wooden fences, and palaces and warehouses for storing grain and tribute were built in the city, and prisons for criminals were kept.

In order to seek the protection of the Central Plains powers, the successor king of Fuyu sent envoys to Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty in 49 A.D. to pay tribute to Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, so Fuyu became the protectorate of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was under the jurisdiction of Xuanwu County. Until 494 A.D., the western Turks invaded the country of Fuyu, and the king of Fuyu surrendered to Goguryeo, this royal city existed for 506 years, and it played an important role in the development of Fuyu's politics, economy, culture and transportation.

Fuyu Mansion was renamed Huanglong Mansion, and there was a mythical legend in history. It was in July 926 A.D., after Yelu Abaoji led the army to conquer the Bohai Kingdom, he returned to the capital from the city of Kuhan in the Bohai Kingdom and went to the Linhuang Mansion in Beijing, and traveled to the south of Fuyu City between the Yitong River and the Xinkai River. As soon as Abaoji entered the palace set up for him by his subordinates, he received a report from Meteor Horse: the emperor's younger brother Diethorn was assassinated in Kuhan City. He was so angry that he fainted on the royal couch, and when he woke up, he said to the queen Shu Luping, hurry up and call the prince Yelu Deguang who was stationed in Khuhan City. Shu Luping said: Will be outside, the king's order will not be affected! In a fit of rage, his eyes were full of stars, and he could no longer speak. That night, the soldiers saw a large star set in front of the palace. At dawn, I saw a dragon about a mile long coiling in the sky above the palace, shining with golden light, dazzling to the eye, and then fell into the palace of Yelu Abaoji. A purple-black smoke rose from the palace, and a day later, it gradually drifted away. It was July 27, and Yelu Abaoji, who was only 55 years old, died here. In order to commemorate the glorious exploits of his father Yelu Abaoji, Liao Taizong Yelu Deguang established a temple of ascension to heaven at the original site of the palace. regarded the Yellow Dragon that appeared when his father died as the auspicious fortune of the founding of the country, and ordered the Fuyu Mansion to be renamed the Huanglong Mansion.

Huanglong Mansion is an important one of the six prefectures of Liao, with jurisdiction over five prefectures and three counties, namely Anyuan Prefecture, Yongzhou, Yizhou, Weizhou, Qingzhou, Huanglong County, Qianmin County and Yongping County. The ancient city of Huanglongfu is located on the high ground on the west bank of the Yitong River, the circumference of the city wall is 3840 meters, it is square, in addition to the four gates of the east, west, south and north, a small gate is set up on the south, west and east sides, and there is a tall corner tower at each of the four corners. There is a moat outside the wall, and it is an important military town for the Liao State to defend against the Jurchen people. In Huanglong Mansion, a division was set up to deploy soldiers and horses, stationed 5,000 soldiers, and commanded the Xinzhou Zhangsheng Army, the Penzhou Cuphua Army, the Xiangzhou Ruisheng Army, the Weizhou Wuning Army, the Anyuan Prefecture Huaiyi Army, the Qingzhou Jianning Army, and the Kuiyan Turkic Department, the Aoyan Turkic Department, the Northern Tang Ancient Department, the Five Kingdoms Department and other tribes. During the time of Liao Shengzong, ten beacon towers and three castles were built in the north of the Second Songhua River to facilitate the defense and alarm around the Huanglong Mansion. So far, in the 23 ancient castle ruins around Huanglong Mansion, you can still see the steep terrain and many traces of the trenches it occupies.

The prosperity of Huanglong Mansion began with the Liao Shengzong. In the seventh year of Liaojingzong Baoning (975 AD), after the Huanglong Mansion guard Yan Po (the general of the Bohai State) killed the capital and Zhang Ju rebelled against Liao, the Huanglong Mansion was once moved to a city in Siping City. Later, after the Liao soldiers quelled the Yanpo rebellion, in the ninth year of the opening of the Liao Shengzong (1020 AD), the Huanglong Mansion was moved back to the original place. Liao Shengzong advocated learning from the Han people the crafts of agriculture and metallurgy, exchanging cultures between the north and the south, opening up bazaars, and trading with foreign countries. And successively moved more than 1,000 Han households from Zongzhou and Danzhou in the Guannai to Huanglong Mansion. In addition to the farming technology of the Central Plains, these Han people also brought winemaking, tanning, weaving, casting and other crafts, so that the Huanglong Mansion is lined with workshops and warehouses are adjacent, which can not only build vehicles and ships, weapons and horse harness, but also make gold and silver jewelry, felt and leather coats, agricultural tools, cooking utensils, stationery and paper. Thus, attracting a large number of locals and other ethnic groups to do business in Huanglongfu. On the market day, the Wuhuan people, Khitan people, Mongols, and Xianbei people living in the western grasslands led camels, drove horse gangs, and rode ox carts, carrying the wool and skins produced there, as well as cattle, horses, sheep, and donkeys to Huanglongfu to trade; The Goguryeo people living in the eastern mountainous areas brought medicinal herbs such as ginseng and deer antler velvet, as well as valuable skins such as mink and lynx skins to Huanglongfu for sale; The Jurchens on the north bank of the Songhua River sent grains, honey, livestock, roe deer, roe deer, foxes, rabbits, geese, stalks, fish, and turtles to the Huanglongfu market; Hoang Long locals serve up elaborate ethnic foods such as mugwort cakes, barbecue and rice wine. In the Huanglongfu market, people can buy back the carts, horses, ploughs, ploughs, ploughs, shovels, pickaxes, hoes, sickles, knives, spears, bows and arrows for fishing and hunting, boat nets and wire hooks, pots and pans for daily life, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar for daily life, adzes, axes and saws, bricks, tiles and wood for building houses and bridges, fur hats, felt boots, cotton cloth for sheltering themselves from the cold, gold and silver jewelry worn by women and children, and tobacco, wine, sugar and tea that the elderly like. At that time, it had become the economic center and commodity distribution center of Tohoku. Medicinal herbs, famous horses, fat cattle, honey, and furs from the Northeast are gathered here and sold to merchants in the Central Plains, Southeast Asia, Japan, and other regions. Others were sold through the Silk Road to Dashi, Persia and Central Asian countries. At that time, all ethnic groups were mixed and the language was not understood, so they used Chinese as the common language to communicate. With the development of the economy, the population of Huanglong Mansion has grown sharply, and the government is densely populated, the villages are densely packed, the city outline faces each other, and the fields are on the edge. The Khitan people call the two important cities in the country after the east building and the west village. The east building refers to the Shangjing Linhuang Mansion where the emperor lives, and the Xizhai refers to the Huanglong Mansion, an important military town, because of its economic prosperity, it is also called the Silver Mansion.

In the era of Liao Shengzong, Xingzong, and Taoism, Buddhism prevailed. All the important cities of Liao have temples and pagodas. The ancient pagoda outside the west wall of Huanglong Mansion was built between the third and tenth years of the Taiping of Liao Shengzong. In Xiangzhou, 30 kilometers east of Huanglongfu, there is also an unbuilt tower base, which is called the half-cut tower. The four walls of the underground palace at the base of the tower are painted with colorful paintings, and store a small tower of painted stone carving, from the imitation wood structure of the first layer of the ancient tower and the carved Buddha statue, you can see the influence of the Central Plains culture and Buddhism on the Khitan, the second layer of the stone tower carved and decorated with the running sheep, fully reflects the customs of the Khitan people and the artistic characteristics of their nomadic tribes.

Huanglongfu is the hub connecting Yanjing Xijin Mansion, Tokyo Liaoyang Mansion and Shangjing Linhuang Mansion. In the water transport, there are Yitong River, Yinma River and the second Songhua River to communicate with various boats. With the development of economy and trade, the traffic between Huanglongfu and the Central Plains and the north and south of the Songhua River has become smoother and smoother, and the exchanges between merchants have become more active, and it has become the transportation center of the Kanto region.

As the Dongzhai and Yinfu of the Great Liao Kingdom for 189 years, Huanglongfu has played an irreplaceable role in the development of economic and trade in the Kanto region and the cultural exchanges of various ethnic groups. At the same time, it also laid a good foundation for the consolidation and development of various dynasties in the future.

When the Jurchens attacked the Central Plains, they used Huanglongfu as a transit point for transportation, and a large number of soldiers and horses passed through here to transfer to the Central Plains, and the Northern Song emperors captured by the Jin soldiers, Huizong Zhao Ji and Qinzong Zhao Huan, as well as empresses, concubines and officials, were also detained in Huanglongfu for a time, and then passed through Pennshang, and were escorted to Huining Mansion in Shangjing (now Baicheng, Achengnan, Heilongjiang Province), and finally imprisoned in Wuguocheng. The property plundered by the Jin soldiers in the Central Plains was also transported back to Shangjing through the Huanglong Mansion. Some of the belongings could not be delivered, so they were buried on the spot in Huanglong Mansion. In 1868 and 1966, a total of 240 million copper coins of the Tang and Song dynasties were unearthed in the southeast corner of Huanglong Mansion. In 1868, the excavated copper coins were used to invest in the construction of a bridge over the Yitong River. In 1985, the Jin Dynasty cellar found in the northwest corner of Huanglongfu City buried 40 pieces of various porcelain refined by the Ding kiln, and 11 pieces of printed caryophyllum green holding pots refined by the Hutian kiln. These porcelain shapes are beautiful, the texture is excellent, once as a tribute to the court supplies, the unearthed carved dragon pattern porcelain plate is more treasured, our country only unearthed ten pieces in the forties, six of which were lost to foreign countries, only four pieces were preserved in the Palace Museum and the Shanghai Museum. In addition, the partridge spotted green jade bowl and the partridge spotted green jade plate are also peerless boutiques. In view of the role of Huanglongfu in the country's political, military, and economic affairs, the Jurchens once gave Huanglongfu the title of Zhongdu, second only to Huining as the capital.

The Yuan Dynasty took advantage of the convenient transportation conditions of Huanglong Mansion and used this place as the seat of Kaiyuan Road (a political institution below the province and above the prefecture). Later, a post center in the Kanto region was established in Xiangzhou, 27 kilometers east of Huanglongfu. After the messenger from Yuan Dadu (Beijing) arrived in Xiangzhou via Xinzhou, Weizhou, and Huanglongfu, there were four post roads leading from here to distant places. The first is from the northwest of Xiangzhou to Zhaozhou, along the Nenjiang River and the Yalu River, crossing the Daxing'an Mountains to the Hulunbuir grassland; the second is from Xiangzhou to the Lost Treasure Chiwanhu Mansion (near present-day Aihui County, Heilongjiang Province); The third is from the northeast of Xiangzhou through Penn to Shangjing Huining Mansion, through the twist station, Buyami station straight to Nuergancheng (near the mouth of the Heilongjiang River in present-day Russia); The fourth is from the southeast of Xiangzhou through Tefu Road (now Jiutai County) to Dunhua, where it is divided into two roads, one to the north to the east to Yongming Road, and the other to the southeast to Helan Province (now in North Korea). In 1989, at the end of the first post road - the Wuxun River estuary in Jimulangtu Township, Xinba Huzuo Banner, Hulunbuir League, Inner Mongolia, the bronze seal of Xiangzhou Post Station issued by the Ministry of Calligraphy and Rites in the Yuan Dynasty was found.

Before the Huanglong Mansion imprisoned the Northern Song Dynasty Hui, the Second Emperor of Qin and their concubines, it also detained another deceased monarch - Emperor Jin. In the first year of Liao Datong (947 AD), after the annexation of the Later Jin Dynasty, the Jin Emperor Shi Chonggui was reduced to a negative marquis, and 300 cavalry were sent to Shi Chonggui and the Empress Dowager Li, the Imperial Concubine An, the Empress Feng, the imperial brother Shi Chongrui, the prince Yanxu, Yanbao, and the princess, the palace concubine 50 people, and the internal officials 30 people were escorted to the Huanglong Mansion. After the arduous trek to the Huanglong Mansion, Shi Chonggui's favorite concubine Zhao, Nie, the princess and some courtesans were actually plundered by the Khitan prince, and the queen Feng wanted to find poisonous wine and drink with Shi Chonggui, but failed to achieve it, so she had to survive here and live in humiliation. In Chinese history, Shi Jingtang, who exchanged the title of Emperor of Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures, never thought that his descendants would be so humiliated in Huanglong Mansion.

The Jin Dynasty later called Hwangryong Province Jeju, Longju, and Long An; The Yuan Dynasty once used Huanglongfu as the seat of Kai'an Road; In the Ming Dynasty, it became a nomadic land for the Mongolian people, and only a post station was set up on the site of Huanglongfu - Long'an Station. In 1889, the Qing government set up a county in Huanglong Prefecture, called Nong'an County. From the demise of the Qing government and the recovery of the Northeast, to the 90s, the name of Nong'an County has been used here. However, the most haunting name is still Huanglong Mansion. The people here call the local opera Huanglong Opera, and the unique drum that the local people like to see is called the Huanglong Drum, and the commercial building is named Huanglong Commercial Building. There are also Huanglong Road, Huanglong Distillery, Huanglong Studio, Huanglong Art Society, etc., the list goes on. Even the biographies of some people must be written about being born in the ancient Huanglong Mansion on a certain day, a certain month, and a certain year. When the wanderer from afar returns, he sees the towering octagonal thirteen-story Liao Pagoda from dozens of miles away, and he can't help but cheer: "It's back to the Huanglong Mansion again!" It can be said that Huanglong Mansion is a witness to the vicissitudes of history, a homesick complex for wanderers, and the pride of this party.