Gu Jade Bird is not a scientific researcher, but to be honest, when facing the wind and waves around Abyss Island now, it is also a little inexplicable, generally speaking, in a place close to the land, even if it is close to a small land like an island, even if it is in the ocean, there will not be such a strange submarine turbulence. Obviously, the turbulence on the bottom of the sea near Abyss Island was simply chaotic, scurrying around under the side of the ship, almost carrying a boat around.

Generally speaking, fishing boats sailing in the ocean, if they encounter strong winds and waves, it is not suitable for lateral driving, that is, they must drive in the direction of wind and waves, so as not to cause the boat to roll over, and use the shape and gravity of the boat itself to maintain the stability of the boat, so as to ensure the safety of the crew. But the flow of water in this place now obviously has nothing to do with the direction of the wind.

The ancient blue bird swayed left and right on the boat, and even felt several times that the ship was going to be overturned by the wind and waves in the next moment, and then fell into the sea, but the old crew was surprisingly powerful, he controlled the ship to constantly change direction, using this weak change of direction in the turbulence to ensure that the ship could go in the most correct direction at any time, and would not be torn apart by the sea water swept into the center of the turbulence.

You must know that the old crew is not a mysterious person, there is no secret method to spy on the flow of the ocean, and there is no ability to control the water, if you want to ensure the normal operation of the ship in such turbulence, it obviously requires a lot of experience and absolute courage, so as to ensure that his pilot's boat is safe and sound in such a harsh environment, so at this time, Gu Qingniao admires the old crew very much.

Ocean turbulence refers to the chaotic movement of seawater.

Seawater is made up of liquids and can be divided into two categories: laminar and turbulent flows, just like other fluid movements. In the laminar flow movement, the trajectory and streamline of the seawater micromass show a smooth curve, the fluid layers of each layer are clear, there is no mixing phenomenon, and the velocity field and pressure field change gently and continuously with time and space. Turbulence is another kind of disordered flow, and its main characteristics are: the trajectory of the seawater micromass is chaotic, with longitudinal movement along the main stream, lateral movement, and even reverse movement; There is a strong mixing phenomenon between the fluids in each layer, and the flow field changes very intensely with time and space.

Ocean turbulence refers to the flow in which the magnitude and direction of the velocity of motion at any point in the ocean water column are disordered. It can enhance the diffusion of dissolved matter, the dispersion and transfer of momentum and heat, and transfer energy from the larger-scale vortex motion to the smaller-scale vortex motion. With the diffusion of matter and the transfer of momentum and energy, the turbulence gradually weakens, so that the turbulence phenomenon can only be maintained if the outside world continuously supplies energy to the water body. An important characteristic of turbulence is that it significantly enhances the diffusion process of the fluid's momentum and heat, as well as the salts it contains, (much stronger than the molecular diffusion process), and results in the transfer of energy from a larger-scale vortex motion to a smaller-scale vortex motion. Although turbulence may seem chaotic, it still conforms to the hydrodynamic equation – the Navier-Stokes equation. However, due to the nonlinear nature of the hydrodynamic equations, a universal solution to the turbulent motion problem has not been obtained. The first to make an important contribution to the study of turbulence was O. Reynolds, who, from Euler's point of view, processed the Navier-Stokes equation in fluid dynamics by averaging the time, derived the time-averaged equation of motion of fluids, introduced Reynolds stress, and proposed the criterion for the existence of turbulence, the Reynolds number. The Reynolds number is equal to the ratio of the product of the density of the fluid, the characteristic velocity of the flow, and the characteristic length of the fluid to the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. When the Reynolds number is equal to zero, the water body is in a state of harmonious motion (rest is its special state); When the Reynolds number is very small, the water body is in a laminar flow state, that is, it is in a stable regular state with no obvious fluid exchange between liquid layers; When the Reynolds number increases to a certain critical value, the fluid changes from laminar to turbulent.

In the ocean, regardless of the scale or intensity of turbulence, the lead and horizontal components are often very different, so they are generally studied separately. The reason for this difference is, firstly, because the horizontal scale of the ocean is much larger than that of the lead straight scale, and secondly, due to the influence of the stable stratification of the lead straight in the density of the seawater, the turbulent viscosity coefficient in the lead straight direction is generally 1~103 cm2/s, while the horizontal viscosity coefficient reaches 105~108 cm2/s, which is very different

The effect of wind stress on the surface layer of the ocean, the frictional effect of the seafloor on currents, especially tidal currents, and the lead direct shear of currents due to uneven horizontal pressure.

The wind stresses acting on the surface of the ocean are uneven horizontally, the lateral frictional effect of the coastal boundary on the seawater, and the horizontal velocity shear that exists within or between currents. Horizontal motion in the ocean, macroscopic circulation movement in the horizontal scale of the ocean, and molecular thermal motion in seawater. Large-scale ocean circulation directly obtains energy from the world's major wind systems, and through the action of turbulence, the energy is transferred from large-scale movement to small-scale movement, and finally transferred to molecular motion and becomes thermal energy. When studying horizontal and vertical motion in the ocean, it is important to choose the appropriate average scale, respectively. On the premise that the average scale is selected, all movements with a scale greater than the average scale can be treated as mean motion, while movements with a scale smaller than the average scale are treated as turbulence. Obviously, the choice of average scale depends on the problem being studied.

Flows in the ocean, such as wind-generated currents, geostrophic currents, and tidal currents, refer to temporal or spatial averaged flows. The mean equation of motion of a fluid (i.e., the Reynolds equation of motion, averaged over time) describes the characteristics of the average flow. These equations differ from those describing the instantaneous motion of a fluid in that they contain an additional Reynolds stress term. They are averaged by the product of velocity perturbations and characterize the momentum exchange effect caused by turbulence. By analogy with molecular viscous stress, the Reynolds stress is expressed as a quantity proportional to the spatial derivative of the average flow velocity, and its proportionality coefficient is called turbulent viscosity or vortex viscosity. The vortex viscosity is 102~1010 times larger than the molecular viscosity. Actually, eddy viscosity is not a physical constant, it is simply a representation of the turbulent motion characteristics present in the fluid. Plante compared turbulent motion with the free path of gas molecules in the theory of motion of gas molecules, and proposed the hybrid long vacation theory. It defines the mixing length as an average distance at which the turbulent vortices of the different surrounding fluids are mixed; and define the vortex viscosity as the product of the square of the mixing length and the average flow velocity gradient. In studying turbulent motions near the solid boundary and outside the thin layer of molecular viscosity close to the solid, Plante further assumes that the mixing length is proportional to the distance of the fluid under study from the solid boundary, and introduces roughness parameters that characterize the roughness of the solid boundary. Later, C. G. Rosby and R. B. Montgomery applied the mixed long vacation theory to derive the logarithmic and power distribution of the velocity of the bottom boundary flow of the ocean and atmosphere as a function of its distance from this bottom.

Whereas, ocean waves refer to waves in the ocean that are created by the wind. These include wind, swells, and ocean inshore waves. Under different wind speeds, wind directions and terrain conditions, the size of the waves varies greatly, usually the period is a few tenths of a second to tens of seconds, the wavelength is tens of centimeters to hundreds of meters, the wave height is a few centimeters to more than 20 meters, and in rare terrain, the wave height can reach more than 30 meters.

Ocean waves are a wave phenomenon that occurs in the ocean. The waves we are referring to here are waves generated by the wind, with a period of 0.5 to 25 seconds and a wavelength of tens of centimeters to hundreds of meters, generally a few centimeters to 20 meters high, and in rare cases waves can reach more than 30 meters in height. Ocean waves are the phenomenon of fluctuations in the seawater. The sayings "no wind and no waves" and "no wind and three feet of waves" are not wrong, the fact is that there will be waves at sea if there is wind or not. Commonly referred to as ocean waves, they refer to waves in the ocean that are created by the wind. These include wind waves, swells, and nearshore waves. Swells and nearshore waves can also occur on windless seas, which is probably evidence of what is known as "windless waves", but in fact they are propagated by waves caused by winds from elsewhere. In a broad sense, ocean waves also include tsunamis, storm surges, and ocean internal waves formed by external and internal forces such as celestial gravity, submarine earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, changes in atmospheric pressure, and uneven distribution of seawater density. They all cause huge fluctuations in the sea, which is a real windless three-foot wave at sea. Waves are the propagation of the undulating shape of the sea surface, which is a kind of fluctuation formed by the water quality point leaving the equilibrium position, making periodic vibrations, and propagating in a certain direction. The cumulative amount of vibrational energy at water quality points can form kinetic energy, and the undulating waves can generate potential energy, and the cumulative amount of these two energies is staggering. In the global oceans, the total energy of wind and swells alone is equivalent to half of the solar energy reaching the outer side of the Earth. The energy of the waves rolls forward in the direction of the wave propagation. Thus, the waves are actually waveform propagation of energy. The wave wave period ranges from a few tenths of a second to more than a few hours, the wave height ranges from a few millimeters to tens of meters, and the wavelength ranges from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. Wind waves, swells and nearshore waves can reach heights ranging from a few centimeters to more than 20 meters, and can reach a maximum of more than 30 meters. Wind and waves are the fluctuations produced by the action of the wind in the seawater, and many waves of different heights and lengths can occur at the same time, the wave surface is steeper, the wavelength is shorter, and there are often waves or flakes of foam near the crest, and the propagation direction is consistent with the wind direction. Generally speaking, the longer the wind of the same state acts on the sea surface, the larger the sea area, and the stronger the wind and waves. When the wind and waves reach a state of full growth, they will not continue to increase. The wave that forms after the wind wave leaves the area where the wind blows is called a swell. Depending on the size of the wave, it is common to divide the wind wave into 10 grades and the swell into 5 grades. Level 0 has no waves and no surges, and the sea surface is as horizontal as a mirror; Level 5 waves, level 6 waves, corresponding to level 4 waves, wave height 2~6 meters; Level 7 waves, level 8 waves, and level 9 raging waves correspond to level 5 surges, with a wave height of 6.1 meters to more than 10 meters. Ocean fluctuations are one of the most important forms of movement of seawater. From the surface of the sea to the interior of the ocean, there are fluctuations everywhere. In the ocean, if the sea surface is wide, the wind speed is strong, the wind direction is stable, and the blowing time is long, the waves must be very strong, such as the ocean surface of the westerly wind belt of the northern and southern hemispheres, the waves are often rolling; Although the water surface is open, the waves are generally small due to weak winds and uncertain wind directions in the equatorial windless zone and the subtropical windless zone in the northern and southern hemispheres.

Wind is a natural phenomenon caused by the movement of air, and it is caused by the heat of solar radiation. Sunlight shines on the earth's surface, causing the surface temperature to rise, and the air on the surface of the earth expands lightly and rises due to heating. When the hot air rises, the cold air at a low temperature flows in laterally, and the rising air cools and becomes heavier and falls, and the air heats up to rise due to the high surface temperature, and the flow of this air generates wind

Although the ancient bluebird knows some knowledge about waves and turbulence, it also does not know how the waves here are formed. The wind here does not come from the huge sharpness of the sea, nor does it drive the excess waves, these waves seem to be such a village in themselves, and they are not the result of the influence of the wind at all, because the direction of these waves is different from the direction of the wind, or in other words, the direction of the wind here is the same, but the direction of the waves here is really chaotic. The ancient bluebird observed the direction of the waves here with different pupils, and did not find the law of people and people at all.

Lan Ling saw Gu Qingniao's serious appearance and asked, "Did you find anything?" ”

Gu Qingniao shook his head and said: "The turbulence here doesn't have any laws at all, it's like it's running around, and you can't see where it came from." It's like, it's like a turbulence just came out of nowhere, and then all the turbulence is huddled together, as if each turbulence exists independently. ”

At this moment, the old crew suddenly shouted: "Hurry up, we are going to rush into the most dangerous place!" ”

Gu Qingniao and Lan Ling glanced at each other when they heard this, and both saw the firmness in each other's eyes, the two of them held hands, grabbed the guardrail next to them, and then felt the hull of the ship swaying for a while, Gu Qi Bird knew what the so-called pirate ship of the playground was, it was all trivial, in such a huge wind and waves, the turbulence that Gu Qingniao felt, when the ship was thrown up and down, brought by the effect and the power of throwing around, it was not at all comparable to any pirate ship and roller coaster, it was simply exciting. At this time, Gu Qingniao admired the old crew even more, he was able to drive such a small boat into the waves under such circumstances, and then took them all the way towards the abyss island closer and closer.

Seeing that they were getting closer and closer to the end of the wind and waves, and the rocks on the Abyss Island were also close at hand, the ancient bluebird suddenly felt that something terrible seemed to be staring at him under the ocean. The ancient bluebird couldn't help but look under the sea, but the waves were so big that he couldn't see anything at all. But the old bluebird was sure that there was indeed something staring at their ship from below the water, staring at these people on board. Suddenly, the ancient bluebird thought, could this be the abyss around Abyss Island? Why is this abyss like a life, which makes the ancient blue bird feel the existence of the gaze. You must know that since Gu Qingniao awakened the different pupils, especially after having the heart eye and the divine eye, her ability to feel the gaze of others is not ordinarily keen, as long as others look at Gu Qingniao, she can instantly perceive it, and then Xu finds the location of this person, and Wang Hui looks over. But now, the magic is that the ancient blue bird actually felt the condensation from countless meters away from the depths of the ocean, which shows how powerful such a condensation is for Devil May Cry to pee, and it also shows how terrible the owner of this gaze is. Could it be that there really is a living abyss in this world?

Nietzsche once said, "When you are staring into the abyss, the abyss is staring at you." Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (F. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche)

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ich Wilhelm Nietzsche (15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, linguist, cultural critic, poet, composer, and thinker. His main works include "The Will to Power", "The Birth of Tragedy", "An Untimely Investigation", "Thus Said Zarathustra", "Philosophy in the Age of Greek Tragedy", "On the Genealogy of Morality", etc. Nietzsche is considered the founder of modern Western philosophy, and his writings have provided a wide range of criticisms and discussions in the fields of religion, morality, modern culture, philosophy, and science. He has a unique writing style, often using the technique of aphorisms and paradoxes. Nietzsche had a great influence on the development of philosophy in later generations, especially in existentialism and postmodernism. For Nietzsche, philosophical reflection is life, and life is philosophical reflection. In his first scholarly work, The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche began his critique of modern civilization. He pointed out that in capitalist society, despite the increasing material wealth, people do not have real freedom and happiness. The rigid mechanical mode that suppresses human individuality, makes people lose the passion for free thought and the impulse to create culture, and modern culture appears so decadent, which is the disease of modern civilization, the root of which is the atrophy of the life instinct. Nietzsche pointed out that in order to cure modern diseases, it is necessary to restore the human instinct for life and give it a new soul with a new interpretation of the meaning of life. He received inspiration from Schopenhauer, and also pointed out that the essence of the world is the will to life. Nietzsche violently exposed and criticized traditional Christian morality and modern reason. Epistemologically, Nietzsche was an extreme anti-rationalist, and he gave the most thorough critique of any rational philosophy. He believes that the spiritual life of Europeans for 2,000 years is centered on the belief in God, and man is God's creation and appendage. The value of life, everything that people have pinned on God. Although the foundations of God's existence have begun to crumble since the Enlightenment, people still believe in God and worship God because there is no new faith. One of Nietzsche's famous words, "A cry of utterance—God is dead" – is a ruthless and fearless critique of God. He said through the mouth of a madman that he was the murderer of God, and pointed out that God should be killed. Christian ethics bind the human heart, suppressing human instincts, and in order to set man free, he must kill God. According to Nietzsche, the decline of Christianity has its historical inevitability, its transformation from the religion of the oppressed to the religion of the rulers and oppressors, and its decline is a historical inevitability. Killed God as a god, and ushered in the God of capital, the God of the incarnation of capital. Nietzsche believed that in a world without God, people were given unprecedented opportunities to establish new values, values centered on the human will. To this end, it is necessary to liquidate the traditional moral values, which are the last bunker of God, which penetrates deeply into people's daily lives and corrodes people's hearts. Nietzsche, a self-proclaimed non-moralist and anti-Christian, fiercely criticized the virtues enshrined in traditional Western morality. Nietzsche was also critical of modern reason. He first attacked the rational philosopher, and he pointed out that the first characteristic of the philosopher is the lack of a sense of history, and for thousands of years, everything that has been dealt with by the philosopher has become a conceptual mummy. The role of reason is nothing more than to rigidize the flow of history, framing living reality with some eternal concepts. The result is to stifle the process of birth and death of things, and to stifle life. This world is one of serendibility, turbulence, and thus elusiveness. There is no live, everything is fluid, ungraspable, and dodged. The second characteristic of the philosopher is the "rejection of the evidence of the senses", which inverts the real world and the world of illusions. The perceptual evidence is real and credible, and it is only when it is processed that lies are stuffed into it. The third characteristic of philosophers is to confuse the beginning and the end, they deny the process of growth, the process of evolution. The fourth characteristic of philosophers is that they use the "reason" of language to force people to make mistakes. "Yes" is confused with "being", making the false true, making the real false, and deceiving the ignorant. He argues that it is absurd that people from Socrates to modern times have fanatically appealed to reason. The reason why human beings worship reason is that it brings freedom and happiness to people; However, the result is the opposite, and reason is at every turn against human instinct, causing greater suffering. It is correct to criticize the fallacies brought about by reason, but it cannot deny the existence of reason and the historical status and role of reason. Rationality is the hallmark of human progress and the fruit of the process of human civilization. Some outstanding philosophers in history have used the weapon of reason to observe the world and understand the world. There is nothing inherently wrong with reason, and reason cannot be denied. Without reason, human beings cannot correctly understand the world and the truth. Without reason, humanity will fall into a confused and terrible situation. Nietzsche wanted to establish a new philosophy, a philosophy that placed the will to life above reason, a philosophy of irrationality. As a challenge to reason, he proposed the doctrine of strong will. Replace the position of God with a strong will, the status of traditional metaphysics. The core of the strong will theory is life-affirming, life-affirming. The strong will is not a worldly power, it is an instinctive, spontaneous, irrational force. It determines the essence of life and the meaning of life. Nietzsche compares the different characteristics of the strong will and reason, which are: calm, precise, logical, blunt, abstinent; The characteristics of the strong will are: passion, desire, wildness, activity, fighting. A strong will originates from life and returns to life, and it is the real life. Although life is short, as long as you have a strong will, create the will, and become a strong spirit, you can realize your own value. As the highest measure of value, the strong will affirms the value of life on the one hand, and justifies the inequality in the human world on the other. In Nietzsche's view, human beings, like natural life, are strong and weak, and the strong are always in the minority, and the weak are the majority. History and culture are created by a few strong people, who rightfully rule over the weak. Nietzsche overthrew the hierarchy of gods and affirmed the hierarchy of man. Nietzsche put forward his philosophy of the superman, the philosophy of constructing an ideal life. Superman is a symbol of the ideal of life, the ideal goal and the state of life pursued by Nietzsche. Nietzsche was very disappointed with modern people, modern life, and he dreamed of improving people and creating new people, that is, supermen. Superman is not a concrete person, but an illusory image. Superman has the momentum and style of the earth, the sea, and lightning. Superman does not yet exist in reality, it is the ideal image of future man; Superman puts forward value goals for real life; Superman is man's self-transcendence. In Thus Said Zarathustra, he pointed out that the superman is the meaning of the earth. The metaphor is that the superman is the negation of the kingdom of heaven and the substitution of God. On the one hand, Nietzsche inherited the essence of the Enlightenment and reflected the awakening of modern consciousness. The positive affirmation of the value of life has triggered people's thinking about the meaning of life and the value of life, and repositioned life; The negative critique of instrumental rationality and industrial civilization opened up the trend of modern irrationalism. On the other hand, there is also one-sidedness in the critique of reason and the negation of tradition, which is precisely the appreciation of postmodernism. The most important point of Nietzsche's philosophical outlook is that the mission of philosophy is to pay attention to life, to give an explanation to life, to give an explanation to the meaning of life, and to explore the meaning of life. This has something to do with the works of Schopenhauer that Nietzsche read. On another point, Nietzsche pointed out that philosophy is apolitical, and philosophy and politics are two different things. So Nietzsche's view of philosophy is, firstly, about life, about life, secondly, non-political, and third, non-academic. Philosophy is not purely academic. The key to Nietzsche's critique of traditional philosophy is that it does not focus on life. The consequence of traditional philosophy is nihilism. There is no essence behind the phenomenon. Nietzsche called himself "the most thoroughly nihilist in Europe", but his lineage can be said to have come along the lines of detachment nihilism. Nietzsche believed that the so-called values, concepts, and truths are only artificial interpretations, and that the world itself has no metaphysical truth and ultimate value or meaning. Nihilism denies all purposefulness, and Nietzsche believes that the rational world (ideal state) described by Plato, the kingdom of heaven in Christianity, and the inevitable moral order of the world are all only products of human beings, and there is no ultimate objectivity. Nietzsche used "God is dead" as a symbol of the coming of nihilism, which also became the starting point of the philosophy of many later existentialist philosophers, such as Heidegger, Sartre, Camus, and others. Nietzsche believed that there are two kinds of nihilism: negative, pathological nihilism and positive nihilism. Negative nihilism includes Platonism, Christianity, and Schopenhauer's philosophy. Positive nihilism sees the crisis of losing ultimate value as an opportunity to create new value. Nietzsche believed that even if nihilism came, people could rebuild new values through value revaluation in order to gain a reason to live. Nietzsche also emphasized that if one is to become a free spirit, it is necessary to get rid of the desire for some kind of eternal value. Because "the need for some kind of unconditional affirmation and denial is a need born of vulnerability", Nietzsche proposed art as a means of facing pain and absurdity. He advocated a Dionysian spirit, simply put, an aesthetic perspective on the circumstances of life. This is not to teach people to indulge in illusions, but to give people more courage and strength to face their own lives. Therefore, Nietzsche's ideal is a tragic outlook on life. He believes that the spirit of tragedy does not lie in affirming a fair and just world order (in tragedy, virtuous people are often tormented by fate), but in the power that can be stimulated by fate. The realm that can be achieved by tragic aesthetics is the "love of fate", which Nietzsche regarded as a necessary condition for a great personality, "I think that all the great nature of human beings is the love of fate." Nothing in the future, in the past or ever, should not be expected to change anything. Not only must he endure the inevitability of all things, but there is no reason to hide it—you must love the truth......". Loving fate is an affirmation of one's own destiny, and one can even be reluctant to make any change in the status quo. And eternal reincarnation is the touchstone of this spiritual power. Nietzsche apparently believed that this state could be achieved by human will, which gave his philosophy a certain voluntaristic tendency. Nietzsche has a very high opinion of suffering, which has always been regarded as negative, and he is disgusted with utilitarian values that only pursue the maximum value of pleasure, "all such modes of thinking about pleasure and pain, that is, the value of things according to incidental and derivative phenomena, are superficial modes of thinking and naïve behavior, and anyone who understands creativity and the conscience of the artist will despise it with ridicule." He believes that suffering has a positive meaning because it makes people wiser and stronger. Nietzsche believed that beauty cannot exist independently of human judgment, and that beauty is also a product of human beings. At the same time, Nietzsche also believes that force and beauty are two sides of the same coin, "the force becomes soft and descends to the visible, and that decline I call beauty." Strength can also be used in judging the beauty and ugliness of people, and weak strength means weakness, poverty, and incompetence, so he said, "There is nothing uglier than a declining person." In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche distinguishes between the Dionysian spirit and the Sun spirit. The Dionysian spirit represents an irrational state of ecstasy, which can be called a state of "drunkenness"; The spirit of the sun god is calm and temperate, which can be described as a state of "dream". In "The Twilight of the Idols", Nietzsche changed his interpretation: "Both are understood as types of drunkenness", and "the essence of drunkenness is the increase and fullness of power", Nietzsche believes that real art can make the audience feel the state of full power (i.e., drunkenness) when the artist creates, "the role of artwork is to stimulate the state of creation and stimulate the state of drunkenness". Another of Nietzsche's theories on aesthetics is the combination of art and physiology: "Aesthetics is only an applied physiology. Because he believes that "the force expended by a man in artistic conception is the same force that is expended in sexual acts." "All beauty can arouse the desire for reproduction...... Including ** and the most spiritual creation. "And artists are a group of people who are the most vigorous," artists are inevitably lustful by their nature. But they knew moderation to store up strength to create. Nietzsche's aesthetic ideas and the concept of artistic redemption are embodied in his life orientation. He believes that when people appreciate beauty, they also aspire to be beautiful, and he also believes that people can also shape their lives into a work of art that can give people a sense of beauty, which is also a kind of artistic creation. "It's a rare and sublime art to give a 'style' to give one's personality!" And this process can be one of the pillars of enduring the ugly parts of the world: "Man should be satisfied with himself, and only then can we fully endure the 'human face'." But style cannot be shaped at will, Nietzsche does not believe that "existence precedes essence" as Sartre said, but has been determined by some innate essence, and people should develop according to their own essence. So he said, "What is your conscience saying to you?" You have to be yourself. Many ethics belong to egalitarianism, such as the Christian emphasis on "all men are equal before God", Kant's ethics also gives people the same dignity and value, and even in utilitarianism, everyone's feelings are taken into account equally when calculating the maximum happiness value. But Nietzsche strongly opposed this idea, arguing that everyone's mental qualities are different, "People are not equal, and they will not be equal!" The idea of equality is even more unjustified because it hinders the improvement of the overall quality of the person, and he described the "preachers of equality" as "poisonous spiders." Universalism is also a common ethical concept, the basic concept of which is that a moral law should be extended to all people. Nietzsche believed that each person's qualities and character are different, and the corresponding moral obligations should also be different, "what is nourishment and pleasure for the higher people, and what must be close to poison for the very different lower people." The virtues of ordinary people may imply vices and weaknesses to philosophers." He further elaborated on the peculiarities of each action: "Anyone who still thinks, 'In this case, everybody will do this,' is not yet a dart to take five steps toward self-awareness. Then he will know that there is no such thing as none, and he cannot do the same. Nietzsche did not believe that man has full free will, and that "the predestination of a person's essence cannot be separated from all that has been and will be." Free will is the treatment of the will as a cause whose cause can no longer be traced, and he says that the cause is: "the best contradiction that has been conceived so far." "So why did the theory of free will arise in the first place? Nietzsche's answer was, "Man is considered free so that they may be judged or punished." Generally speaking, evil is often seen as something that can be eliminated quickly, but Nietzsche believed that the existence of evil is valuable, and it has the effect of stimulating human beings: "The so-called good is to protect human beings, and the so-called evil is not good to human beings." But in fact, the effects of evil stimuli on the preservation and maintenance of human beings to a considerable extent are the same as those of good – only in different ways. Another achievement of Nietzsche in moral criticism is that he put forward the theory of master-slave morality, which analyzes the element of slave morality in morality from a psychological perspective. Nietzsche believed that the origin of morality is that when the weak are bullied by the strong, they use their spiritual power to create conscience condemnation, good and evil, etc., to resist the aggression of the strong. Slave morality is usually associated with resentment and a reactionary mentality derived from it. For example, it attempts to level the value of the creative powerhouse, and transform their characteristics into "evil" with ethical significance; The nature of weakness in oneself is transformed into "goodness" and so on. Nietzsche, because he did not believe in the existence of a moral source that precedes man, questioned the legitimacy of the traditional moral (especially Christian morality) with the slave morality. Nietzsche was quite critical of the state, and he also called himself "the last anti-political German", "the state...... There all the people have lost their ego...... Chronic suicide for all people is called 'living and living.'" He was particularly dissatisfied with the arrogant, German-supremacy atmosphere that prevailed in his home country, Germany, after the Franco-Prussian War, where "Germany corrupted its culture wherever it went." His critique is based primarily on his concern for culture: "Culture and the state...... is opposite...... All great cultural epochs are times of political decline: everything that is culturally great is always apolitical, even anti-political. This is why he admires France more than Germany, which was defeated in the Franco-Prussian War. Nietzsche opposed values that proclaimed the supremacy of the interests of the state and the nation, which he regarded as "petty politics" (kli

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politik), in contrast, Nietzsche looked forward to the "big politics" (g

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Politik), "The era of petty politics has passed, and the next century will bring us the impulse to engage in big politics – the wars that arise for the domination of the planet". Nietzsche's repeated emphasis on the hierarchy of human beings is a reflection of his ethical thinking. Therefore, he was also opposed to democratic politics, which Nietzsche believed was rooted in Christianity and that "the democratic movement is the successor of the Christian movement". Behind this, there is the mentality of the weak who want to level the value of the strong. But Nietzsche also had no affection for socialism, because he found too much vindictiveness in it: "Who do I hate most of today's mob? The socialist mob, who are the apostles of the inferior, who impairs the instincts, pleasures and satisfaction of the workers with their insignificance, who make them jealous and teach them revenge. In his book "The Antichrist", Nietzsche gave a rough picture of what he considered to be the ideal social system. He divided the social classes into three classes: the first class was the most spiritually powerful elite, who created value and were given the role of rulers. The second class is a person of strong will or character, who obeys the orders of the first estate, and is responsible for maintaining social order and enforcing the law. The third-class people are the most mediocre people, satisfied with their ordinary lives. Nietzsche also emphasized that all three classes were indispensable to building an ideal society. He also did not approve of bullying the weak, believing that it was right for the superior to be kind to those who were inferior to him. "In fact, if there are to be exceptional people, ordinary people are the first necessity that is needed: on which a higher culture depends. The exceptional man should be more gentle with the ordinary than he is with himself and his peers, and this is not a courtesy from the heart—it is his duty at all", and this "exceptional man" can even be described as "Rozaar with the heart of Christ". As for how to implement this social system? Nietzsche did not answer this question.