Regarding cloning, last time Enki said that if something happened to him, he would let Nyingma use cloning technology to create another version of himself.

When Nyingma saw that Enki had created so many "monsters", he was shocked by these things created "out of thin air", and he honed the knowledge that Enki taught him about DNA every day, and this time he heard the conversation between Ron and Enki, and took the initiative to answer, "If you don't let me try, I want to make humans." ”

"You?" Enki quickly shook his head.

"It's a very serious topic."

"So serious enough that you make so many strange monsters?"

"I'm doing rigorous experiments, and I need genetic alignment and DNA databases."

"I'm also very serious, I've been researching the cloning technology since you gave me the cloning technology, not to mention that when you made these monsters, I was also helping to learn, I believe I can do it."

Ron looked at the two of them puffing up angrily, and quickly interjected, "Nyingma is not sure that he will not ask for this, you can supervise on the side, let her try." ”

Enki nodded helplessly, and Nyingma said happily, "I have considered two parts, one is to use my tissue to combine with the DNA of Homo sapiens to clone a human, and the other is to use the excellent DNA of Homo sapiens to create a new Earth Homo sapiens, and then compare the results, what do you think?" ”

Enki nodded again, "It seems that you have already planned for a long time, you have a good idea, you can give it a try." ”

Nyingma was eager to try, "Then I'll first select the best individuals among the Homo sapiens, and then go and pluck their hair." ”

Enki hurriedly stopped her, "The last time I used Rhamat's hair roots, I asked for her DNA attributes, and if you cloned it, the hair roots won't work at all." ”

Nyingma was puzzled, "Why?" ”

Since Nyingma wants to make humans, then she needs to be taught all the knowledge, and Enki patiently explains, "Hair can't be used for cloning. Cloning technology only needs to extract a small piece of tissue from the animal, through cell culture to establish the line, select a cell as the donor cell, the nucleus of the donor cell containing genetic material, transplant it into the egg cell with the nucleus removed, use microcurrent stimulation to fuse the two into one, and then promote the new cell to divide and reproduce into an embryo, when the embryo develops to a certain extent, it is implanted into the animal uterus to make the animal pregnant, and the animal can give birth to the same gene as the person who provides the nucleus.

What does it take to clon? Living cells, cloning means creating a new life with exactly the same genetic material as the original object. The cloning process usually involves somatic cell lineage and somatic nuclear transfer. These steps limit the fact that some of the raw materials needed for cloning must be somatic cells of the cloned organism and must be viable. ”

Enki looked at Nyingma's thoughtful look and continued, "For example, if an animal is still alive, you can cut off a small piece of skin, and if the animal is dead, you can cut any part of the body, usually a piece of meat or an ear. However, it is not recommended to take samples from internal organs, when the animal has just died, when the cells are still viable (and gradually decrease in activity over time). Be sure to do it as soon as possible! As soon as possible! As soon as possible! Sampling. And it requires special sampling tools and preservation solutions, and cannot be used for cloned tissues, hair, nails, and the main component of hair and nails is keratin, in which there are no living cells with complete structure, so they cannot be used for cloning. Theoretically, the proteins contained in hair, which are guided by the partial expression of DNA, can be used for cloning through reverse transcription, but in fact, my current technology is far from reaching such an advanced point. 53 Chinese Net

"And what about blood?" Ron was also intrigued.

"Blood is made up of plasma and blood cells, which include red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Platelets are cell fragments and red blood cells are unnucleated cells, both of which cannot be used for cloning because they do not contain genetic material. Leukocytes have a complete cellular structure and all the genetic material, which can theoretically be used for cloning, but because the number suitable for cloning is very small.

In addition, the egg and sperm of the germ cell in the process of germ cell generation, after one replication and two divisions, the egg and sperm cell formed contain only half of the original genetic material, which is contrary to our definition of cloning - all the genetic material of the body is required, so it cannot be used for cloning. ”

Nyingma recorded all of this in his watch, continued to think about it, and asked another question, "I'm going to choose similar primates, these Homo sapiens have evolved for so long, but they are still apes, and now we want to modify primates with physical characteristics that are more similar to them." Now that I'm combining my genes with theirs, I'm creating a new kind of human being, not a native earthling. ”

Enki nodded, "Yes, you will be their maker, that is, their mother, and the important point is that this new Homo sapiens will have a long lifespan, because it combines your advantages, controlling the length of the telomeres of the cloned chromosomes to limit the number of chromosome replications, so as to control the life span of the clone, or implanting the lethal gene expressed in the DNA of the cloned human at a certain age, and at a certain age, the lethal protein will be expressed and translated, so that it can be the same as the earthlings that Ron said, only a few decades of life." ”

"Enki, why are they shortening their lives?"

"After all, it's an experiment, if it fails, and you make a lot of strange humans, and they have a long lifespan, can you bear to kill them?"

Nyingma: "..."

"So how to use these Homo sapiens to become real earthlings, is the second part I said, you need to use Ron's DNA to combine with them, after all, only in this way can you be considered a real earthling."

"No, Ron's DNA is special, he lives longer than we do, and he has a deadly cancer cell gene that can reproduce indefinitely, although it is controlled by him, but if combined with these poor monkeys, it will be counterproductive."

"So it's impossible for me to clone a primitive earthling?"

"Yes, only with my genes, otherwise they will have a problem with their IQ!"

Ron listened to the conversation between the two Frankensteins and was dumbfounded, "What happened to the world that they actually wanted to use their DNA to create new Homo sapiens?" Is this really how earthlings came? ”

Ron remembered the conversation he had with the two of them, and casually named them both, "Fuxi and Nuwa"

"Holy!" Ron blurted out, looking at him in surprise.

"What's wrong, Ron?" The two looked at him solemnly.