Chapter 95: Currency (1)
Regarding this possible dangerous situation, Luo Shengdong didn't even pay attention to it. The Haihan people are surrounded by mountains and surrounded by places where Li and Miao live together, so even if these prisoners escape, where can they flee? As for the cost of hiring labor, Luo Shengdong believes that the Haihan people, who have always been true to their word, will not break the rules because of this little money, after all, exchanging money for labor is a matter that has been secretly negotiated between the two sides for a long time.
On behalf of the Haihan people, Luo Shengdong negotiated with the state government that the price of hired workers was only one or two taels of silver a year, and even if all these prisoners who were sent to Yazhou to serve hard labor were sent to the Haihan people, it would only be two or three thousand taels of silver a year. This may already be a very good offer for the state government that wants to subsidize the Yazhou prison every year, but Luo Shengdong knows very well how big the Haihan people are, just the salt business will have tens of thousands of taels of silver every year in the future, compared to such a small amount of labor costs for the Haihan people.
As for the fate of these prisoners, the Executive Committee has already made general arrangements. Although the land transportation between the two bases has been opened up at present, it is only at the level of opening up, and the arrival of more than two hundred laborers can be used to further level the road surface and prepare for the next step of sending those heavier machines to inland areas. Of course, the children of this road construction team will also be directly included in the education system under the Executive Committee, and they will be freed from their status as prisoners and live on the land as naturalized citizens. The fate of the other prisoners will depend on the expansion process of the crossing crowd in the future, and when they cross the crowd control zhì Yazhou City, they will probably be able to clear their identity as prisoners logically.
Luo Shengdong worked so hard to send the population to Shengli Port, in fact, it was no longer just to fulfill his original promise to the Executive Committee, but more to prove his ability to the Haihan people. The current Luo Shengdong is not the captured officer who groveled to the executive committee and begged for a way to survive, he has made meritorious contributions to the fight against pirates, won the recognition and commendation of the local garrison high-level, and helped the local government solve the two major problems of employment of the unemployed and reemployment of the unemployed, and also has a good reputation in the local civil service system. Although Luo Shengdong is only a general now, and the power at hand is not large, the momentum of development is very good, and how to gain both power and wealth is the personal goal that Luo Shengdong wants to achieve with the help of Haihan people.
The 2,000 catties of salt that Luo Shengdong transported from Shengli Port a few days ago had already been sold to all counties under the rule of Yazhou in a few days, and after removing all kinds of expenses during the period, Luo Shengdong finally put more than 150 taels of silver into his pocket. Although the approximate level of income had been repeatedly calculated in advance, Luo Shengdong was still very excited when the real money was in hand, and the next day he went to Yazhou Prison to urge the transfer of prisoners, and hurriedly sent the Haihan people to Shengli Port. After Luo Shengdong made up the payment on credit in the last transaction, he proposed to Schneider, who was in charge of handing over to him, that he hoped to continue to wholesale salt from here, and said that he could settle part of it in cash, and there was no need to pay the full amount on credit like last time.
Schneider didn't rush to make a deal with him, but handed him a small piece of paper: "We'll talk about the deal later, you take a look at this first." ”
Luo Shengdong didn't know why, so he took it and took a look, and saw that this piece of paper was light green, two inches wide and four inches long, with the words "negotiable coupon" printed in italics in the middle, "One Yuan" printed on the left, and the appearance of the giant iron ship in the port on the right. There are very complicated patterns on the paper, in Luo Shengdong's opinion, this printing can be described as very exquisite, just printing such a small picture dare to sell for a tael of silver, will it be too dark-hearted?
Slander is slander, Luo Shengdong knows that Haihan people are very purposeful in doing things, and they will never engage in something that has no practical significance, so he responded respectfully at the moment: "I am stupid, I don't know what is the use of this thing?"
Schneider laughed, "It's called a negotiable note, and it's used to replace copper coins, silver, and gold. ”
The construction of the financial system of the crossover regime has been discussed and studied by the Preparatory Committee countless times long before the crossing. However, no matter what kind of financial management system and financial settlement system are adopted, there is one thing that cannot be bypassed, and that is the issuance of currency. The direct use of the Ming Dynasty's monetary system would certainly not work for the Preparatory Committee, which was bent on establishing a political power, and all the members of the Preparatory Committee believed that the establishment of a financial system would only be of practical significance if it issued its own currency.
At first, the vast majority of people thought that silver, copper and cemented carbide should be directly minted, such a circulating currency was more likely to be recognized by the public, and it was more in line with the settlement needs of international trade in the 17th century. At that time, the preparatory committee also conducted special research for this purpose, prepared several sets of coinage design plans, and even secretly made several sets of original molds for stamping coins in the metal processing factory of Becks.
But when Schneider, a financial expert, joined, he quickly rejected the committee's previous plans. Schneider also held a special briefing for this purpose, and gave a popular science lesson on financial knowledge to the people who were in Guangzhou at the time.
In Schneider's view, the original currency issuance plan of the Preparatory Committee had several fatal problems. First, the precious metal reserves of the group itself are too small, and even if they barely make coinage, their issuance is not much larger, although some people think that it is possible to replenish the precious metal reserves by continuously collecting other metal currencies through guò trade, but Schneider pointed out that according to Gresham's law, when two currencies with different actual values and constant legal ratios are circulated in the market of a region at the same time, the currency with the higher value will inevitably be dissolved. Export or collect and withdraw from circulation, the market is still left with low value currency, which is the famous phenomenon of bad money driving out good money in the financial field. No matter how much precious metal currency is issued by the crossing group, it will not be able to stop the embezzlement of good money by the market they will face, which will inevitably happen and the situation that the crossing group cannot resist.
The second reason is that the economic aggregate of the group itself is too small, and after the issuance of precious metal currency, the ability to deal with market risks is obviously insufficient. In the future, a large number of precious metals and currencies will be imported and exported very frequently, which will easily cause fluctuations in prices in the areas controlled by the group, and even cause financial crises in some areas during some special periods.
Third, Schneider argues that if the Crossing Group is to establish a modern financial system, it must rely on the issuance of debt money. The so-called debt currency is relative to the non-debt currency of precious metals, such as gold and silver, precious metal currencies can be circulated across times and national borders without relying on anyone's promise or the coercion of government power, while debt money can be linked to precious metals, treasury bonds and other means to over-issue money, artificially increase the total economic volume, which is very useful for crossing the early financial system.
But some people immediately questioned Schneider's statement, saying that you are building yì to issue banknotes, the notorious Ming treasure banknotes in history are a lesson from the past, although the public can use modern financial management knowledge to avoid the indiscriminate issuance of Ming treasure banknotes, and use their own good reputation and absolute authority in the jurisdiction as a guarantee, but the people of the Ming Dynasty who have suffered may not recognize the emergence of another new paper currency.
In response to this skepticism, Schneider came up with his own monetary solution, and the value of paper money is linked to the precious metal reserves of the group, and at the same time only circulated as currency in the internal settlement system, and this currency must be forced to replace precious metal currency.
Seeing that many people were puzzled by this plan, Schneider gave a more detailed explanation. The Crossing Group can issue a currency in the nature of a voucher in its own jurisdiction, and the value of this currency, or the actual purchasing power, is directly linked to precious metals, for example, one dollar currency has the same purchasing power as one tael of silver. So far, it seems to be no different from the Daming treasure banknotes, but the total amount of paper currency issued by the crossing group is carefully and scientifically calculated, and the financial institutions can adjust the total amount of money circulating in the market at any time to maintain the stability of the currency value.
The mandatory implementation of this monetary system will ensure that almost all of the precious metal currencies in the jurisdiction are concentrated in the hands of the crossing group, in order to deal with the market turmoil caused by the shortage or excess of currency that may occur in the early days of large foreign trade.
If it is changed elsewhere, the forced implementation of this kind of paper currency that lacks credit will probably have only one end, and in a short time, this thing will be reduced to waste paper in the market that no one wants. However, the crossing group has an incomparable advantage, that is, there will be a considerable proportion of employees in the jurisdiction in the early stage of the crossing who have no monetary income at all, which is the conclusion reached by the preparatory committee after repeated deductions, and in this near-zero financial market, the difficulty of enforcing paper money is correspondingly much less It's better than nothing, which is a normal idea that everyone will have.
The situation after the crossing also confirmed the correctness of the original deduction, the vast majority of people who came to work on the territory of the crossing group were just asking for a bite to eat, or exchanging labor for various goods provided by the crossing group, and only a few people would ask for money to settle their wages. After the establishment of the commune, the people who joined the commune only accumulated labor points, and there was no monetary remuneration at all. For these people, if they can receive a more practical monetary reward, whether it is paper money or copper or silver, they are equally welcome.